Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Xiaoyan Gai, Brian Allwood, Yongchang Sun
Summary: The burden of chronic airway diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), continues to increase, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Post-tuberculosis lung disease (PTLD), characterized by chronic lung changes after the cure of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), may be associated with the pathogenesis of COPD. However, data on PTLD's prevalence, clinical manifestations, computed tomography features, lung function impairment patterns, and influencing factors are limited. More research is needed to elucidate the pathogenesis of PTLD.
CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Jean Bourbeau, Dany Doiron, Sharmistha Biswas, Benjamin M. Smith, Andrea Benedetti, Jeffrey R. Brook, Shawn D. Aaron, Kenneth R. Chapman, Paul Hernandez, Francois Maltais, Darcy D. Marciniuk, Denis O'Donnell, Don D. Sin, Brandie Walker, Liesel Dsilva, Gilbert Nadeau, Valerie Coats, Chris Compton, Bruce E. Miller, Wan C. Tan
Summary: Outdoor air pollution is associated with lower lung function and COPD, with possible interactions with dysanapsis.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Hye Jung Park, Min Kwang Byun, Jaeuk Lee, Chi Young Kim, Sojung Shin, Youlim Kim, Chin Kook Rhee, Ki Suck Jung, Kwang Ha Yoo
Summary: Pulmonary tuberculosis is a risk factor for airflow obstruction and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Even if there are no TB sequelae observed on chest X-ray, TB patients may still develop airway obstruction and COPD.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Andrzej Obojski, Mateusz Patyk, Urszula Zaleska-Dorobisz
Summary: This study found that the thickness of the bronchial wall was greater in the SA-PAL group than in the COPD group, with the lowest lung density observed in the SA-PAL group and a higher percentage of low-attenuation volume compared to the healthy volunteer group. Severe asthma with persistent airflow limitation and COPD become similar in terms of functional and morphological dimensions over time, both showing emphysema qualities.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Allan Felipe Fattori Alves, Jose Ricardo Arruda Miranda, Fabiano Reis, Abner Alves Oliveira, Sergio Augusto Santana Souza, Carlos Magno Castelo Branco Fortaleza, Suzana Erico Tanni, Jose Thiago Souza Castro, Diana Rodrigues Pina
Summary: This study developed an automatic algorithm for quantifying total volume and lung impairments in different diseases, which showed good agreement with a semi-automatic algorithm. The algorithm is capable of measuring volume and differentiating various pulmonary involvements, providing reliable quantification for physicians in important lung diseases.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Tao Li, Hao-Peng Zhou, Zhi-Jun Zhou, Li-Quan Guo, Linfu Zhou
Summary: This review highlights the role and importance of CT in identifying different phenotypes of COPD, emphasizing the accuracy of small airway CT phenotypes in reflecting disease severity and aiding in improving prognosis. Additionally, it discusses the application of CT in clinical, epidemiologic, and genetic investigations related to COPD.
CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hui-Chuan Chang, Shih-Feng Liu, Ying-Chun Li, Ho-Chang Kuo, Yun-Chyn Tsai, Min-Hui Chen
Summary: The study demonstrates that influenza vaccination is more effective in reducing hospital and emergency department utilization, as well as respiratory failure, in COPD patients with moderate, severe, and very severe airflow obstruction compared to those with mild obstruction.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yun Seok Kim, Yong Il Hwang, Jae Ha Lee, Yong Bum Park, Cheon Woong Choi, Ki-Suck Jung, Kwang Ha Yoo, Seong Yong Lim, Ju Sang Kim, Joon Young Choi
Summary: This study compared the clinical features and prognosis of patients with FEV1/FVC<0.70 at baseline, based on the normalized airflow obstruction status during follow-up. The results showed that transient airflow obstruction in the normalized obstruction group may represent an early manifestation of COPD. Monitoring is needed for such patients to ensure early detection and management.
RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Armin Frille, Michael Rullmann, Georg-Alexander Becker, Marianne Patt, Julia Luthardt, Solveig Tiepolt, Hubert Wirtz, Osama Sabri, Swen Hesse, Hans-Juergen Seyfarth
Summary: This study investigated the in vivo availability of serotonin transporter in the lungs of patients with COPD and PH for the first time. The findings suggest that pulmonary SERT may be involved in the development of PH in COPD patients.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Taohu Zhou, Wenting Tu, Peng Dong, Shaofeng Duan, Xiuxiu Zhou, Yanqing Ma, Yun Wang, Tian Liu, Hanxiao Zhang, Yan Feng, Wenjun Huang, Yanming Ge, Shiyuan Liu, Zhaobin Li, Li Fan
Summary: This study developed a model for predicting chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in patients with lung cancer based on computed tomography (CT) radiomic signatures and clinical and imaging features. The radiomic signature was significantly related to COPD and served as an independent predictor in the multivariate regression analysis. The model, incorporating radiomic signatures, clinical and radiological features, can be used to predict the risk of COPD in patients with lung cancer using one-stop chest CT scanning.
ACADEMIC RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Stephanie A. Christenson, Benjamin M. Smith, Mona Bafadhel, Nirupama Putcha
Summary: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a global health problem that leads to high morbidity, mortality, and healthcare utilization. Its main causes are exposure to harmful particles, such as tobacco smoke and pollutants. Recent research has shown that various factors throughout the life course increase the risk of developing COPD. Innovations in omics and imaging techniques have provided greater understanding of the disease's pathophysiology, potentially leading to advancements in its prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. This review focuses on recent advances in the epidemiology, pathophysiology, imaging, diagnosis, and treatment of COPD.
Review
Immunology
Alex Kayongo, Brian Nyiro, Trishul Siddharthan, Bruce Kirenga, William Checkley, Moses Lutaakome Joloba, Jerrold Ellner, Padmini Salgame
Summary: Pulmonary tuberculosis is increasingly recognized as a risk factor for COPD, and severe lung function impairment has been reported in post-TB patients. Despite limited studies on the immunological basis of COPD in TB patients, this review highlights shared mechanisms between tuberculosis and COPD pathogenesis and explores the potential for utilizing these mechanisms in COPD therapeutics.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Surya P. Bhatt, Arie Nakhmani, Spyridon Fortis, Matthew J. Strand, Edwin K. Silverman, Frank C. Sciurba, Sandeep Bodduluri
Summary: The study tested a new severity classification scheme for COPD based on airflow obstruction measurement, and found that this scheme can better differentiate patients' symptoms, disease burden, and prognosis, and is less sensitive to race/ethnicity and other demographic characteristics.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Young Hoon Cho, Joon Beom Seo, Sang Min Lee, Namkug Kim, Jihye Yun, Jeong Eun Hwang, Jae Seung Lee, Yeon-Mok Oh, Sang Do Lee, Li-Cher Loh, Choo-Khoom Ong
Summary: Radiomics analysis was applied for overall survival prediction in COPD patients, with the radiomics signature effectively identifying those at increased risk of mortality. The constructed radiomics model demonstrated acceptable performance in survival prediction and risk stratification for COPD patients.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Sukhraj Virdee, Wan C. Tan, James C. Hogg, Jean Bourbeau, Cameron J. Hague, Jonathon A. Leipsic, Miranda Kirby
Summary: This study developed a CT measurement called normalized join count (NJC) to quantify the compactness of emphysema voxels. NJC was found to differentiate COPD disease severity, correlate with lung function and visual emphysema scores, and have the greatest relative contribution to diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide/alveolar volume and visual emphysema score in multivariable regression analysis.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Emil Scosyrev, Richard van Zyl-Smit, Huib Kerstjens, Christian Gessner, Oliver Kornmann, Devendra Jain, Elodie Aubrun, Peter D'Andrea, Motoi Hosoe, Abhijit Pethe, Dominic Brittain
Summary: The study evaluated the cardiovascular safety of two new inhaled fixed-dose combinations for asthma treatment, finding that the frequency of cardiovascular events was low with no notable differences between comparison groups.
RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Ruan Spies, Matthew Potter, Ruan Hollamby, Stefan van der Walt, Ameer Hohlfeld, Eleanor Ochodo, Richard N. Van Zyl-Smit
Summary: This study aims to determine the diagnostic accuracy of sputum color in diagnosing bacterial causes of AECOPD. A systematic review and meta-analysis will be conducted to evaluate its diagnostic value by searching electronic databases and analyzing the results.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
C. Arnold-Day, R. N. Van Zyl-Smit, I. A. Joubert, D. A. Thomson, D. L. Fredericks, M. G. A. Miller, W. L. Michell, P. L. Semple, J. L. Piercy
Summary: This study aimed to report the characteristics and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) who received invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) in a resource-limited environment. The study found that IMV support in the intensive care unit (ICU) achieved a 30.8% hospital survival rate for patients with COVID-19 ARDS. However, predicting survival remains difficult due to the complexity of the disease.
SAMJ SOUTH AFRICAN MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Marlies S. Wijsenbeek, Catharina C. Moor, Kerri A. Johannson, Peter Jackson, Yet H. Khor, Yasuhiro Kondoh, Sujeet K. Rajan, Gabriela C. Tabaj, Brenda E. Varela, Pieter van der Wal, Richard N. van Zyl-Smit, Michael Kreuter, Toby M. Maher
Summary: The use of smartphones and the internet has facilitated self-monitoring and hybrid-care models, with the COVID-19 pandemic further fueling remote monitoring in interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). Home monitoring in ILD has the potential to enhance access to specialized care, alleviate healthcare system burdens, improve patient quality of life, identify disease deterioration, inform treatment decisions, and simplify clinical trials. However, there are challenges in terms of technical, analytical, and implementation issues. In this Series paper, experiences, challenges, and future perspectives of home monitoring in ILD are discussed.
LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Samuel Bardsley, Gerard J. Criner, David M. G. Halpin, MeiLan K. Han, Nicola A. Hanania, David Hill, Peter Lange, David A. Lipson, Fernando J. Martinez, Dawn Midwinter, Thomas M. Siler, Dave Singh, Robert A. Wise, Richard N. Van Zyl-Smit, Neville Berkman
Summary: This study suggests that triple therapy (FF/UMEC/VI) can improve clinical outcomes in COPD patients regardless of smoking status compared to dual therapy. In former smokers, FF/UMEC/VI showed greater benefits compared to UMEC/VI, potentially due to relative corticosteroid resistance in current smokers.
RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Andrew Menzies-Gow, Michael E. Wechsler, Christopher E. Brightling, Stephanie Korn, Jonathan Corren, Elliot Israel, Geoffrey Chupp, Artur Bednarczyk, Sandhia Ponnarambil, Scott Caveney, Gun Almqvist, Monika Golabek, Linda Simonsson, Kaitlyn Lawson, Karin Bowen, Gene Colice
Summary: This study evaluated the long-term safety and efficacy of tezepelumab, a monoclonal antibody, in individuals with severe, uncontrolled asthma. The results showed that tezepelumab reduced asthma exacerbations and demonstrated sustained efficacy and good tolerability over a period of two years.
LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Allergy
Richard N. van Zyl-Smit, Kenneth R. Chapman, Huib A. M. Kerstjens, Christian Gessner, Hironori Sagara, Ana-Maria Tanase, Motoi Hosoe, Abhijit Pethe, David Lawrence, Hanns -Christian Tillmann, Peter D'Andrea
Summary: This study compares the efficacy of a novel once-daily treatment option with twice-daily treatment options in patients with asthma, and finds that the once-daily option is superior in some aspects, providing flexibility in treatment.
JOURNAL OF ASTHMA AND ALLERGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Alberto Papi, Michael G. Ison, Joanne M. Langley, Dong-Gun Lee, Isabel Leroux-Roels, Federico Martinon-Torres, Tino F. Schwarz, Richard N. van Zyl-Smit, Laura Campora, Nancy Dezutter, Nathalie de Schrevel, Laurence Fissette, Marie-Pierre David, Marie Van der Wielen, Lusine Kostanyan, Veronica Hulstrom
Summary: A phase 3 clinical trial showed that a candidate vaccine for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection has a high efficacy in preventing RSV-related respiratory infection and lower respiratory tract disease in older adults. The vaccine was effective against both RSV subtypes and in individuals with underlying conditions.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Richard N. Van Zyl-Smit, Huib AM. Kerstjens, Jorge F. Maspero, Konstantinos Kostikas, Motoi Hosoe, Ana-Maria Tanase, Peter Andrea, Karen Mezzi, Dominic Brittain, David Lawrence, Kenneth R. Chapman
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of a fixed-dose combination therapy of mometasone furoate/indacaterol acetate/glycopyrronium bromide in asthma patients with and without persistent airflow limitation. The results showed that this therapy improved lung function and reduced asthma exacerbations in patients with airflow limitation.
RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Guy A. Richards, Annette J. Theron, Iman Van den Bout, Ronald Anderson, Charles Feldman, Richard Van Zyl Smit, Ju-Wei Chang, Gregory R. Tintinger
Summary: This study compared the effects of aqueous EC aerosol extracts (ECEs) and cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on neutrophil and platelet reactivity in vitro. The results showed that both ECEs and CSE can inhibit the generation of ROS and elastase release by activated neutrophils, but only CSE inhibited platelet activation. These findings suggest that electronic cigarettes may affect the immune protective activities of neutrophils, but to a lesser extent than cigarettes, on pulmonary antimicrobial defense mechanisms.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Andre F. S. Amaral, James Potts, Ben Knox-Brown, Emmanouil Bagkeris, Imed Harrabi, Hamid Hacene Cherkaski, Dhiraj Agarwal, Sanjay Juvekar, Mahesh Padukudru Anand, Thorarinn Gislason, Asaad Ahmed Nafees, Kevin Mortimer, Christer Janson, Li Cher Loh, Stefanni Nonna Paraguas, Meriam Denguezli, Mohammed Al Ghobain, David Mannino, Martin W. Njoroge, Graham Devereux, Terence Seemungal, Cristina Barbara, Ali Kocabas, Rana Ahmed, Althea Aquart-Stewart, Michael Studnicka, Tobias Welte, Wan C. Tan, Richard N. van Zyl-Smit, Parvaiz Koul, Vanessa Garcia-Larsen, Cosetta Minelli, A. Sonia Buist, Peter Burney, BOLD Study Collaborative Network
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Konstantinos Kostikas, Jorge F. Maspero, Kenneth R. Chapman, Karen Mezzi, Xavier Jaumont, David Lawrence, Richard van Zyl-Smit
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of baseline eosinophil levels on the efficacy of mometasone/indacaterol/glycopyrronium in patients with asthma. The results showed that eosinophil levels did not affect the effectiveness of the medication.
RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Respiratory System
Ruan Spies, Matthew Potter, Ruan Hollamby, Stefan Van der Walt, Ameer Hohlfeld, Eleanor Ochodo, Richard Van Zyl-Smit
Summary: Diagnosing bacterial infection in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPDs) is challenging. Sputum discoloration is often considered as a marker of bacterial infection, but the evidence supporting this is lacking. This systematic review and meta-analysis found that sputum color has limited value in diagnosing bacterial infection in AECOPD due to its moderate sensitivity and poor specificity.
ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY
(2023)
Correction
Psychology, Clinical
Amelia M. Stanton, Jasper S. Lee, Megan R. Wirtz, Lena S. Andersen, John Joska, Steven A. Safren, Richard van Zyl-Smit, Conall O'Cleirigh
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Amelia M. Stanton, Jasper S. Lee, Megan R. Wirtz, Lena S. Andersen, John Joska, Steven A. Safren, Richard van Zyl-Smit, Conall O'Cleirigh
Summary: The study found that men in the sample had higher rates of habitual tobacco use than women. Smoking was associated with cognitive impairment and less pain-related impairment among men.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE
(2021)