Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lin Ma, Vivian Andoh, Zhongyuan Shen, Haiyan Liu, Long Li, Keping Chen
Summary: This study aimed to explore the long-term effects of magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) on silkworms. The results showed that MgO NPs had no significant negative impact on silkworm growth or adult tissues, but altered the expression of genes in the silk gland.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marius Buerkle, Mickael Lozac'h, Davide Mariotti, Vladimir Svrcek
Summary: We discuss the electronic properties of quantum-confined nanocrystals. In particular, we show how an approximate band structure emerges with increasing particle size from the discrete molecular states of small nanocrystals. The discrete states are broadened in energy space at finite temperature, forming quasi-continuous bands in k-space, which can be interpreted along the lines of standard band structure theory, considering finite size and surface effects. Various prototypical nanocrystal systems are discussed.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Aaron M. M. Day, Jonathan R. R. Dietz, Madison Sutula, Matthew Yeh, Evelyn L. L. Hu
Summary: In this study, we demonstrate the direct laser writing of cavity-integrated spin defects using a nanosecond pulsed above-bandgap laser, allowing real-time monitoring of silicon-monovacancy defect formation within the cavity-mode volume. We observe spin resonance, cavity-integrated photoluminescence, and excited-state lifetimes consistent with conventional methods, without the need for post-irradiation thermal annealing. This localized defect formation method, combined with cavity-integrated defect spins, is crucial for engineering cavity-emitter coupling for quantum networking.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jie Gao, Shunhao Wang, Gang Tang, Ziniu Wang, Yuanyuan Wang, Qi Wu, Xiaoxi Yang, Yanna Liu, Ligang Hu, Bin He, Guangbo Qu, Guibin Jiang
Summary: The study investigated the immune responses and hematopoiesis alterations induced by gadolinium oxide nanoparticles (Gd2O3) exposure. Results showed that Gd2O3 accumulated in the liver and spleen, leading to increased immune cells and hematopoietic stem cells in these organs. The duration of exposure had variable effects, with different impacts on monocytes and lymphocytes. These findings provide comprehensive insights into the interactions between the immune system and rare earth element nanoparticles in vivo.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Pedro U. Munoz-Gonzalez, J. M. Flores-Moreno, Irais A. Quintero-Ortega, Diego Mantovani, Birzabith Mendoza-Novelo, Gerardo Gonzalez-Garcia
Summary: This study reports a simple method for synthesizing silicon nanoparticles (SiNps) dispersed in water. The SiNps exhibit small size, good structure, and fluorescence, making them suitable as cell fluorescent trackers. Furthermore, the SiNps show cytocompatibility and exert an anti-inflammatory effect on macrophages, suggesting their potential as immunomodulatory biomaterials.
ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Depeng Qiu, Weiyuan Duan, Andreas Lambertz, Alexander Eberst, Karsten Bittkau, Uwe Rau, Kaining Ding
Summary: Mitigating the adverse effect of TCO sputtering on passivation quality of heterojunction contact is crucial for high-efficiency SHJ solar cells. Denser nc-Si:H(n) can reduce sputter damage and improve cell performance.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ya-Ting Hsu, Li-Hsien Chen, Ya-Hui Liu, Shih-Kai Chu, Tsai-Yun Chen, Kuen-Jer Tsai, Meng-Ru Shen, Wentai Liu
Summary: This study demonstrates that electrical sympathetic neuromodulation (ESN) of the bone marrow can protect it from chemotherapy-induced injury and promote hematopoietic regeneration. ESN can mediate the production of several hematopoietic stem cell maintenance factors, reduce the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and reduce the severity of chemotherapy-related leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and mortality.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jie Qin, Yilong Jiang, Shehui Dang, Linmao Qian, Lei Chen, Yang Wang
Summary: In this study, the temperature dependence of silicon amorphization behaviors and their mechanisms were fully revealed through reactive molecular dynamics simulations. It was found that the degree of amorphization is suppressed as the temperature increases, contrary to initial expectations. Analytical models were proposed to describe both the amorphization and recrystallization processes. Overall, these findings provide deep insights into the temperature-dependent amorphization and recrystallization processes of silicon, benefiting the further development of silicon-based devices and technologies.
Article
Immunology
Dongshu Liu, Suhe Dong, Cong Liu, Jicong Du, Sinian Wang, Huijie Yu, Wei Li, Zhongmin Chen, Renjun Peng, Qisheng Jiang, Mengying Zou, Fengsheng Li, Rong Zhang
Summary: CRX-527, a TLR4 ligand, has been shown to be safer and more effective than LPS in protecting against radiation damage. It induces differentiation of HSCs and promotes the activation of macrophages, which play an important role in immune defense. The protection of the hematopoietic and intestinal systems from radiation damage is achieved through the maintenance of intestinal function, promotion of intestinal stem cell regeneration, and invasion of macrophages from peripheral blood.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
R. Klanner, S. Martens, J. Schwandt, A. Vauth
Summary: The transmission of silicon crystals irradiated by protons and reactor neutrons was measured for photon energies between 0.95 and 1.3 eV. The results show that the band-gap energy and the energy of transverse optical phonons remain stable regardless of the fluence, and are consistent with the generally accepted values.
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Sachin Patil, Vishnu S. Mishra, Puli Chandramouli Reddy, Bimlesh Lochab
Summary: Researchers have developed a nanoformulation using nanodiamonds and iron oxide, which effectively delivers artesunate (ART) to cancer cells, increasing its anticancer properties. This nanoformulation enhances the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to DNA damage and cellular apoptosis.
ACS MATERIALS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Nosheen Akhtar, Noshin Ilyas, Zia-ur-Rahman Mashwani, Rifat Hayat, Humaira Yasmin, Ahmed Noureldeen, Parvaiz Ahmad
Summary: Drought-tolerant and plant growth-promoting rhizobacterial strains were isolated from soil in arid regions, showing improved germination attributes of wheat seeds under drought stress conditions. The combined application of SiO2 NPs and PGPR displayed synergistic effects in enhancing growth and yield of wheat. The interaction between SiO2 NPs and bacterial combination significantly improved physiological and metabolic processes in wheat plants, resulting in increased biomass, chlorophyll content, and antioxidant enzyme activity under drought stress.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yuanyuan Li, Xiaoyu Liu, Tianyuan Liang, Wenjie Liu, Jiyang Fan
Summary: The study shows that SiC quantum dots with small dimensions can naturally oxidize at a lower temperature to form core/shell and heteroepitaxial SiC/SiO2 quantum dots. The surface silica layer enhances the quantum efficiency by improving the carrier potential barrier and reducing the nonradiative transition rate, making it suitable for nanoscale electronic and photonic devices.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yiliang Wu, Peiting Zheng, Jun Peng, Menglei Xu, Yihua Chen, Sachin Surve, Teng Lu, Anh Dinh Bui, Nengxu Li, Wensheng Liang, Leiping Duan, Bairu Li, Heping Shen, The Duong, Jie Yang, Xinyu Zhang, Yun Liu, Hao Jin, Qi Chen, Thomas White, Kylie Catchpole, Huanping Zhou, Klaus Weber
Summary: The study utilizes a tunneling oxide passivating contact (TOPCon) c-Si bottom cell produced on an industrial production line as the bottom cell of a tandem device, and a solution-processed perovskite film as the top cell to form the tandem device. Strategies are implemented to avoid shunt paths and reduce reflection loss on the planar structure. The achieved efficiency of the monolithic perovskite/c-Si tandem device is 27.6%, with potential for future improvements.
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Michael Spencer Chapman, Jyoti Nangalia
Summary: The study demonstrates that most allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells do not acquire additional somatic mutations post-transplantation, but suggests that the antiviral drug ganciclovir may contribute to some post-transplant malignancies through somatic mutagenesis.
Article
Fisheries
Hui Tao, Beibei Du, Huan Wang, Huiling Dong, Deshan Yu, Lihua Ren, Yanghu Sima, Shiqing Xu
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hui-Ling Dong, Sheng-Xiang Zhang, Zhuo-Hua Chen, Hui Tao, Xue Li, Jian-Feng Qiu, Wen-Zhao Cui, Yang-Hu Sima, Wei-Zheng Cui, Shi-Qing Xu
Article
Physiology
Jian-Feng Qiu, Xue Li, Wen-Zhao Cui, Xiao-Fei Liu, Hui Tao, Kun Yang, Tai-Ming Dai, Yang-Hu Sima, Shi-Qing Xu
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Entomology
Yue He, Xu Xu, Jianfeng Qiu, Weimin Yin, Yanghu Sima, Shiqing Xu
JOURNAL OF ASIA-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Yun-Hu Zhang, Mei-Juan Shi, Kai-Le Li, Rui Xing, Zhuo-Hua Chen, Xue-Dong Chen, Yong-Feng Wang, Xiao-Fei Liu, Xin-Yin Liang, Yang-Hu Sima, Shi-Qing Xu
JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION
(2020)
Article
Biology
Yong-Feng Wang, Guang Wang, Jiang-Lan Li, Ya-Xin Qu, Xin-Yin Liang, Xue-Dong Chen, Yang-Hu Sima, Shi-Qing Xu
Summary: This study established an animal model for hyperproteinemia in an invertebrate silkworm model, and found that high PPC has multiple significant effects on the innate immune function of the silkworm circulatory system, with potential improvement through endocrine hormones.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Man Hou, Tai-Ming Dai, Xin-Yin Liang, Sheng-Xiang Zhang, Wen-Zhao Cui, Jian-Feng Qiu, Yang-Hu Sima, Wei-Zheng Cui, Shi-Qing Xu
Summary: The study found that silkworms can synthesize Vitamin C through a specific pathway at certain developmental stages, but the synthesis ability varies with different developmental stages.
ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Wen-Zhao Cui, Jian-Feng Qiu, Tai-Ming Dai, Zhuo Chen, Jiang-Lan Li, Kai Liu, Yu-Jun Wang, Yang-Hu Sima, Shi-Qing Xu
Summary: Diapause in insects is a developmental transition regulated by the circadian clock system and endocrine system. This study focused on a mutant silkmoth with the Period gene knocked out, which altered the classic diapause pathway and disrupted the predetermined effects of temperature and photoperiod on diapause determination. The impaired circadian clock system in the mutant resulted in up-regulation of the GABA receptor gene, leading to a cascade effect that ultimately reduced the diapause-inducing effect of diapause hormone.
Article
Entomology
Jian-Feng Qiu, Wen-Zhao Cui, Qiang Zhang, Tai-Ming Dai, Kai Liu, Jiang-Lan Li, Yu-Jun Wang, Yang-Hu Sima, Shi-Qing Xu
Summary: This study investigates the dynamic regulation of the circadian clock on the immune response of silkworms to bacterial infection. The absence of the core clock gene cry1 in silkworms resulted in decreased resistance to Staphylococcus aureus and weakened immune response. The study also identified rhythmically expressed immune response genes and discovered the inhibitory effect of cry1 knockout on Toll, Imd, and NF-kappa B signaling pathways.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xuedong Chen, Aihong Ye, Xuehui Wu, Zhigang Qu, Shiqing Xu, Yanghu Sima, Yujun Wang, Ruimin He, Fen Jin, Pengfei Zhan, Jinru Cao, Wenlin Zhou
Summary: This study investigated the effects of amino acid composition in formula feed on silk yields in silkworms. It was found that imbalanced amino acids decreased DNA proliferation, gene expression, and caused autophagy in the silk gland, resulting in reduced cocoon shell weight. Changes in amino acid composition in formula feed increased uric acid and several amino acids levels in silkworm hemolymph. Glycine (Gly) was found to increase silk yields by promoting amino acid conversion efficiencies and endomitotic DNA synthesis in silk gland cells via the PI3K/Akt/TOR signaling pathway.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xuedong Chen, Yongfeng Wang, Yujun Wang, Qiuying Li, Xinyin Liang, Guang Wang, Yang-Hu Sima, Shiqing Xu, Jianglan Li, Ruji Peng
Summary: Transgenic modification of silkworms has been used to engineer new silk fibers with improved production efficiency and resistance to alkaline conditions.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jianfeng Qiu, Taiming Dai, Cheng Luo, Wenzhao Cui, Kai Liu, Jianglan Li, Yanghu Sima, Shiqing Xu
Summary: We found that knocking out the core clock gene Cry1 significantly delays the developmental time in Bombyx mori. This study focuses on the ecdysone and juvenile hormone signalling pathways of fifth instar larvae with the longest developmental time delay. Our results provide insights into the molecular mechanisms by which the circadian clock regulates animal development by maintaining hormonal homeostasis.
INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiao-Nan Yuan, Cheng Luo, Qi-Fan Zhao, Si-Yin Zhong, Qi Hang, Tai-Ming Dai, Zhong-Hua Pan, Yang-Hu Sima, Jian-Feng Qiu, Shi-Qing Xu
Summary: This study found that the hatching rhythm of the silkworm was disrupted in a mutant strain with a knockout of the Cryptochrome1 (Cry1) clock gene, while wild-type embryos exhibited a normal hatching rhythm. The mutant embryos were unable to entrain their hatching rhythm under constant light or constant dark conditions. The expression of neuropeptides and hormones involved in the hatching rhythm was affected in the mutant embryos, which in turn affected the regulation of the hatching rhythm.
ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Zoology
Guang Wang, Yong-Feng Wang, Jiang-Lan Li, Ru-Ji Peng, Xin-Yin Liang, Xue-Dong Chen, Gui-Hua Jiang, Jin-Fang Shi, Yang-Hu Si-Ma, Shi-Qing Xu
Summary: Hyperproteinemia affects blood cell homeostasis by increasing reactive oxygen species levels and inducing cell death. It also induces blood cell proliferation through a specific signaling pathway. Supplementation with the endocrine hormone active substance can alleviate the impact of hyperproteinemia on blood cell homeostasis.
ZOOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yong-Feng Wang, Xue-Dong Chen, Guang Wang, Qiu-Ying Li, Xin-Yin Liang, Yang-Hu Sima, Shi-Qing Xu
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2019)