Article
Chemistry, Applied
Maria C. Z. Meneghetti, Paula Deboni, Carlos M. V. Palomino, Luiz P. Braga, Renan P. Cavalheiro, Gustavo M. Viana, Edwin A. Yates, Helena B. Nader, Marcelo A. Lima
Summary: Heparan sulfate (HS), a polysaccharide found on the cell surface and extracellular matrix, is synthesized in the Golgi apparatus through a non-template driven process. Changes in the localization of HS-modifying enzymes in the Golgi correlate with changes in the structure of HS, rather than protein expression levels. Understanding the dynamics of HS-modifying enzymes through vesicular trafficking in the ER-Golgi pathway is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of HS biosynthesis.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Judit Sanchez-Simarro, Pilar Selvi, Cesar Bernat-Silvestre, Eugenio Gomez Minguet, Fernando Aniento, Maria Jesus Marcote
Summary: Coat protein I (COPI) is essential for intra-Golgi transport and retrograde transport and its key component is the coatomer complex. The beta'-COP isoforms in Arabidopsis play a significant role in plant biology.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Judit Sanchez-Simarro, Cesar Bernat-Silvestre, Fernando Aniento, Maria Jesus Marcote
Summary: COPI complex formed by seven subunits is recruited to Golgi membranes to shuttle vesicles between Golgi apparatus and ER. Mutants of Arabidopsis beta-COP genes show increased sensitivity to chloride ions when exposed to Na+ or Cl- salts.
PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
Qingchen Rui, Xiaoyun Tan, Feng Liu, Yiqun Bao
Summary: In this review, we summarize the key players in Golgi maintenance demonstrated by genetic studies in plants, with an emphasis on their roles in intra-Golgi trafficking.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Yonglun Zeng, Liwen Jiang
Summary: This study identified a plant-specific nexus in regulating autophagosome biogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Article
Plant Sciences
Judit Sanchez-Simarro, Fernando Aniento, Maria Jesus Marcote
Summary: Coat protein I (COPI) and Coat protein II (COPII) coated vesicles play a role in protein transport during early secretory pathway. The role of COPI components in gametogenesis has not been thoroughly studied, unlike the known essential role of COPII vesicles' components. In Arabidopsis, COPI is composed of a heptameric complex with multiple isoforms, and this study found that two isoforms of the beta'-COP subunit are necessary for both female and male gametophyte development. Reciprocal crosses showed that gametophytes lacking both beta'1-COP and beta'2-COP cannot be transmitted.
PLANT REPRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Ning Zhang, Olga A. Zabotina
Summary: Glycosyltransferases (GTs) play a critical role in synthesizing various glycans in cells. Glycosylation occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi, requiring the delivery of related enzymes to the appropriate locations. This review summarizes the protein trafficking mechanism between the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi.
Article
Microbiology
Clem Marsilia, Mrinalini Batra, Irina D. Pokrovskaya, Changqi Wang, Dale Chaput, Daria A. Naumova, Vladimir V. Lupashin, Elena S. Suvorova
Summary: This study reveals the expanded function of the conservative Golgi tethering COG complex in T. gondii and identifies additional regulators of transport specific to the parasite, providing insights into the parasite's secretory organelles.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lana Buzuk, Doris Hellerschmied
Summary: The Golgi apparatus plays a crucial role in the secretory pathway of eukaryotic cells, processing proteins and organizing their transportation to other cellular compartments. It is involved in cell surface formation, cell polarity, cell-cell communication, immune signaling, DNA damage response, and mitosis. Maintaining Golgi integrity and protein homeostasis is essential, as Golgi fragmentation and dysfunction are linked to neurodegenerative diseases and certain cancers. Recent studies have revealed the importance of ubiquitin signaling in maintaining Golgi integrity and protein quality control, similar to the endoplasmic reticulum. Ubiquitination helps prevent the accumulation of toxic protein aggregates and regulates Golgi structural rearrangements in response to cellular stress.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jianyang Liu, Yan Huang, Ting Li, Zheng Jiang, Liuwang Zeng, Zhiping Hu
Summary: The Golgi apparatus plays a crucial role in cellular homeostasis and is linked to various diseases. Mutations in genes encoding Golgi resident proteins can lead to diseases, typically involving defects in membrane trafficking, protein mislocalization, and impaired glycosylation. Detection of Golgi resident proteins in human serum samples may serve as a diagnostic tool, while the central role of Golgi apparatus in membrane trafficking pathways presents potential targets for disease therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
Akhtar Ali, Veselin Petrov, Dae-Jin Yun, Tsanko Gechev
Summary: The Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) pathway is crucial for plant salinity tolerance. Proteins that positively or negatively regulate the core components of the SOS pathway at the protein and transcript levels have been identified. This review summarizes recent advances in the functional regulation of the SOS pathway and its upstream effectors in plants, highlighting their roles in plant development and stress adaptation through modulation of the SOS core proteins at the transcriptional and post-translational levels.
TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ruoxi Wang, Guangyan Miao, James L. Shen, Tina M. Fortier, Eric H. Baehrecke
Summary: This study reveals a novel function of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) in autophagy. The ESCRT regulates COPII vesicle transport, ERGIC assembly, and autophagosome formation through a pathway involving Vps13D and Atg9. Cells lacking ESCRT or Vps13D functions exhibit dilated ER structures similar to cells from patients with SEC23A mutations.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mingqin Chang, Shu-Zon Wu, Samantha E. Ryken, Jacquelyn E. O'Sullivan, Magdalena Bezanilla
Summary: Plant COPII complex in moss Physcomitrium patens displays isoform-specific contributions to polarized growth, with different Sec23/24 gene families playing distinct roles in development. The presence of divergent Sec23 clades in land plants suggests functional diversification within the COPII complex.
Review
Cell Biology
Natalie Hoffmann, Samuel King, A. Lacey Samuels, Heather E. McFarlane
Summary: The composition and synthesis of the cell wall vary among different plant species, cell types, and regions within a cell wall, but are underpinned by common cellular mechanisms.
DEVELOPMENTAL CELL
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Sandica Bucurica, Laura Gaman, Mariana Jinga, Andrei Adrian Popa, Florentina Ionita-Radu
Summary: The Golgi apparatus is crucial in protein sorting, modification, and trafficking in cells. Dysregulation of the Golgi apparatus is implicated in various gastrointestinal cancers. GOLPH3 and GOLGA proteins, specifically GOLGA1 and GOLGA7, play significant roles in gastroenterological cancers by affecting signaling pathways, vesicular trafficking, and protein glycosylation processes.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fernando Aniento, Victor Sanchez de Medina Hernandez, Yasin Dagdas, Marcela Rojas-Pierce, Eugenia Russinova
Summary: The importance of endomembrane trafficking for all eukaryotic cells is highlighted, with a focus on the conservation and variation of organelles and protein families across different species. The advancements in plant cell biology research are noted, emphasizing the importance of understanding plant-specific features in membrane trafficking.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jose Blanca, Clara Pons, Javier Montero-Pau, David Sanchez-Matarredona, Peio Ziarsolo, Lilian Fontanet, Josef Fisher, Mariola Plazas, Joan Casals, Jose Luis Rambla, Alessandro Riccini, Samuela Pombarella, Alessandra Ruggiero, Maria Sulli, Stephania Grillo, Angelos Kanellis, Giovanni Giuliano, Richard Finkers, Maria Cammareri, Silvana Grandillo, Andrea Mazzucato, Mathilde Causse, Maria Jose Diez, Jaime Prohens, Dani Zamir, Joaquin Canizares, Antonio Jose Monforte, Antonio Granell
Summary: A study on European traditional tomato varieties found that high phenotypic diversity was created by traditional farmer-driven selection, inadvertently combining a few polymorphic loci. Analysis of 1254 tomato accessions revealed a continuous genetic gradient between traditional and modern varieties, with low genetic diversity and distinct genetic groups among traditional European tomatoes. Spanish and Italian varieties showed higher genetic diversity, possibly indicating independent secondary centers of diversity, while other varieties may be the result of recent migrations and hybridizations among European regions. A few highly polymorphic loci were associated with fruit morphological traits in the European traditional collection, suggesting a history of balancing selection by tomato farmers to maintain morphological variation.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Ivana Jezkova, Manuel Serra, Raquel Ortells, Javier Montero
Summary: The genetic variation of the mmr-b gene, which codes for the Mating Recognition Protein (MRP) in B. plicatilis, was found to be relatively high among different natural populations. Although most of the variations are neutral, potentially functional changes were found in some populations. There is also a noticeable pattern of increasing gene diversification correlated to environmental differences.
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Ivana Jezkova, Raquel Ortells, Javier Montero-Pau, Manuel Serra
Summary: This study reveals the presence of ongoing behavioral reproductive isolation in populations of Brachionus plicatilis rotifer, with a more pronounced isolation in populations with higher levels of adaptive divergence.
Correction
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Ivana Jezkova, Raquel Ortells, Javier Montero-Pau, Manuel Serra
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Ivana Jezkova, Javier Montero-Pau, Raquel Ortells, Manuel Serra
Summary: Freshwater zooplankter Brachionus plicatilis is able to adapt to different habitats and shows a high degree of population structuring. This study investigates the evolution of reproductive isolation in populations with gene flow. The results show signs of incipient reproductive isolation in a third of the populations, but no correlation with environmental distance or genetic/geographic predictors. The overall inbreeding coefficient suggests decreasing within-population cross preferences over time.
Article
Biology
Maria Clara Castellanos, Javier Montero-Pau, Peio Ziarsolo, Jose Miguel Blanca, Joaquin Canizares, Juli G. Pausas
Summary: The variation in floral traits across angiosperms is often seen as the result of adaptation to pollinators, but this study found no evidence of pollinator-mediated selection on flowers in wild populations. The study suggests that periods of stasis in flower traits may be caused by stabilizing selection and low trait heritability. The findings show that while the current environment may not provide selection pressures, heritable variation remains for future selection.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Judit Sanchez-Simarro, Fernando Aniento, Maria Jesus Marcote
Summary: Coat protein I (COPI) and Coat protein II (COPII) coated vesicles play a role in protein transport during early secretory pathway. The role of COPI components in gametogenesis has not been thoroughly studied, unlike the known essential role of COPII vesicles' components. In Arabidopsis, COPI is composed of a heptameric complex with multiple isoforms, and this study found that two isoforms of the beta'-COP subunit are necessary for both female and male gametophyte development. Reciprocal crosses showed that gametophytes lacking both beta'1-COP and beta'2-COP cannot be transmitted.
PLANT REPRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Noemi Colinas, Javier Montero-Pau, Maria Jose Carmona, Raffaella Sabatino, Andrea Di Cesare, Ester Maria Eckert, Eduardo M. Garcia-Roger
Summary: A non-genetic transgenerational effect on sexual reproduction was observed in Brachionus plicatilis clones from more predictable environments, indicating a potential role of estradiol in this effect. However, the molecular basis of this effect is still unknown. The expression of the edh gene involved in estradiol synthesis increased across generations in clones from the more predictable ponds, but no differences were found in the meth gene.
Article
Cell Biology
Anna-Katharina Pfitzner, Henry Zivkovic, Cesar Bernat-Silvestre, Matt West, Tanner Peltier, Frederic Humbert, Greg Odorizzi, Aurelien Roux
Summary: This study demonstrates that functionally distinct ESCRT-III polymers are formed by Vps60 and Snf7, and the increase in ESCRT-III subunit diversity may enable the acquisition of new cellular functions.
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Judit Sanchez-Simarro, Pilar Selvi, Cesar Bernat-Silvestre, Eugenio Gomez Minguet, Fernando Aniento, Maria Jesus Marcote
Summary: Coat protein I (COPI) is essential for intra-Golgi transport and retrograde transport and its key component is the coatomer complex. The beta'-COP isoforms in Arabidopsis play a significant role in plant biology.
Article
Plant Sciences
Madhumitha Narasimhan, Michelle Gallei, Shutang Tan, Alexander Johnson, Inge Verstraeten, Lanxin Li, Lesia Rodriguez, Huibin Han, Ellie Himschoot, Ren Wang, Steffen Vanneste, Judit Sanchez-Simarro, Fernando Aniento, Maciek Adamowski, Jiri Friml
Summary: This study reexamined the effects of auxin on PIN endocytic trafficking and found that high concentrations of NAA and IAA have nonspecific effects on the endomembrane system, while low concentrations specifically promoted endocytosis of PIN2. This contributes to polarity maintenance and highlights the nonspecific effects of high auxin levels on trafficking and endomembrane compartments.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Judit Sanchez-Simarro, Cesar Bernat-Silvestre, Fernando Aniento, Maria Jesus Marcote
Summary: COPI complex formed by seven subunits is recruited to Golgi membranes to shuttle vesicles between Golgi apparatus and ER. Mutants of Arabidopsis beta-COP genes show increased sensitivity to chloride ions when exposed to Na+ or Cl- salts.
PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR
(2021)
