Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kingsley Wong, Gizachew A. Tessema, Kevin Chai, Gavin Pereira
Summary: This study developed prediction models for preterm birth using machine learning classification algorithms and population-based routinely collected data. The best performing classifier (MLP) correctly classified nearly half of the preterm births when current pregnancy information was available. The sensitivity increased further after including past obstetric history. Approximately half of the preterm births can be identified antenatally using population-based routinely collected maternal and pregnancy data.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Akilew A. Adane, Helen D. Bailey, Rhonda Marriott, Brad M. Farrant, Scott W. White, Carrington C. J. Shepherd
Summary: There is a significant disparity in severe neonatal morbidity and mortality between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal births in Western Australia, with the majority of this gap explained by differences in maternal sociodemographic factors, antenatal smoking, and gestational age. Public health programs targeting these factors may help reduce early life health differentials and benefit the health of the Aboriginal population throughout the life course.
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sylvester Dodzi Nyadanu, Gizachew Assefa Tessema, Ben Mullins, Gavin Pereira
Summary: This study investigated the acute effect of maternal exposure to thermophysiological stress on the risk of stillbirth, and found positive associations between cold and heat stresses and higher risks of stillbirth. The study also found that these effects were modified by fetal and maternal sociodemographic factors.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Lisa Hui, Melvin Barrientos Marzan, Stephanie Potenza, Daniel L. Rolnik, Natasha Pritchard, Joanne M. Said, Kirsten R. Palmer, Clare L. Whitehead, Penelope M. Sheehan, Jolyon Ford, Ben W. Mol, Susan P. Walker
Summary: The lockdown restrictions in Melbourne, Australia were associated with a significant increase in preterm stillbirths among pregnant women exposed to the lockdown, but also led to a significant reduction in iatrogenic preterm births for fetal compromise. Further research is needed to understand the relationship between these two findings and to guide future responses to pandemics.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Helen D. Bailey, Akilew A. Adane, Scott W. White, Brad M. Farrant, Carrington C. J. Shepherd
Summary: This study found that mothers of stillbirths in Western Australia between 2000 and 2015 had an increased risk of severe maternal morbidity compared to mothers of live births, regardless of the presence of maternal comorbidities.
ARCHIVES OF GYNECOLOGY AND OBSTETRICS
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Tom Clune, Shane Besier, Sam Hair, Serina Hancock, Amy Lockwood, Andrew Thompson, Martina Jelocnik, Caroline Jacobson
Summary: This study investigated the causes of perinatal lamb deaths for lambs born to primiparous ewes in Western Australia. The main causes of death were identified as starvation-mismosthering-exposure, dystocia, and stillbirth. Additionally, a pathogenic strain of Chlamydia pecorum (ST23) was detected in aborted and stillborn lambs on multiple farms.
VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Charles Garabedian, Ninon Dupuis, Christophe Vayssiere, Laurence Bussieres, Yves Ville, Benoit Renaudin, Louise Dugave, Norbert Winer, Nathalie Banaszkiewicz, Patrick Rozenberg, Manon Defrance, Marie-Laure Legris, Thibaud Quibel, Philippe Deruelle
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the association between COVID-19 lockdown and pregnancy outcomes in maternity hospitals in France, finding that the lockdown did not impact pregnancy outcomes, including preterm birth, low birth weight, very low birth weight, and stillbirth rates.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Amelie Boutin, Sarka Lisonkova, Giulia M. Muraca, Neda Razaz, Shiliang Liu, Michael S. Kramer, K. S. Joseph
Summary: Studies comparing perinatal death rates among very preterm births in different groups showed lower rates among hypertensive women, Black mothers, and births in the United States. However, overall perinatal death rates were higher among births to hypertensive women, Black mothers, and births in the United States.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Helen D. Bailey, Sarah J. Kotecha, William J. Watkins, Akilew A. Adane, Carrington C. J. Shepherd, Sailesh Kotecha
Summary: Stillbirth rates and trends in Wales and Western Australia have diverged in the past two decades, especially among late-term births. The differences may be partly explained by the timing of birth and maternal lifestyle behaviors such as smoking. Identifying and addressing associated risk factors is crucial for reducing preventable stillbirths.
PAEDIATRIC AND PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Zhijiang Liang, Yin Yang, Jing Yi, Zhengmin Qian, Zilong Zhang, Stephen Edward McMillin, Echu Liu, Hualiang Lin, Guocheng Liu
Summary: Maternal exposure to PM2.5, especially during the middle period of pregnancy, may increase the risk of stillbirths. Maternal previous pregnancy and delivery experiences could modify this association.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Helen D. Bailey, Akilew A. Adane, Scott W. White, Brad M. Farrant, Carrington C. J. Shepherd
Summary: In Western Australia between 2010-2015, the rates of caesarean sections among women with antepartum stillbirths were low, in accordance with current guidelines. Factors associated with an increased risk of caesarean section following antepartum stillbirth included placenta praevia or placental abruption, birth at a metropolitan private hospital, large-for-gestational-age birthweight, and any maternal chronic condition. Analgesia types used during labour included systemic narcotics and regional blocks, with a significant percentage of those having a caesarean section receiving general anaesthetic.
AUSTRALIAN & NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Fiona Faulks, Touran Shafiei, Helen McLachlan, Della Forster, Ingrid Mogren, Beverley Copnell, Kristina Edvardsson
Summary: This population-based retrospective cohort study examined the perinatal outcomes of socially disadvantaged women in Victoria, Australia between 1999 and 2016. The results showed that social disadvantage was associated with higher odds of adverse perinatal outcomes, including maternal ICU admission, postpartum hemorrhage, perinatal mortality, neonatal SCN/NICU admission, preterm birth, and low birthweight. A persistent social gradient existed across time for all outcomes except caesarean section.
BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Benjamin R. Mcfadden, Timothy J. J. Inglis, Mark Reynolds
Summary: A new blood culture (BC) outcome prediction method was established using machine learning models and data from Sysmex XN-2000 analyzers. The models achieved high AUC scores on training and validation sets, demonstrating their potential in BC outcome prediction.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Biology
Shi-Jer Lou, Ming-Feng Hou, Hong-Tai Chang, Hao-Hsien Lee, Chong-Chi Chiu, Shu-Chuan Jennifer Yeh, Hon-Yi Shi
Summary: This study analyzed machine-learning algorithms to predict 10-year survival after breast cancer surgery and found that preoperative physical and mental functioning assessments were the best predictors. The study compared the accuracy of five models and found that the deep neural network model performed the best.
Article
Environmental Sciences
S. s. -c. Wang, L. R. Leung, Y. Qian
Summary: The burned areas in the western US have increased ten-fold since the 1980s, driven by factors such as rising temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, and extended drought. Using machine learning and explainable artificial intelligence, a study examined the predictors contributing to large fire emissions and identified fuel load and dryness levels as major drivers. Furthermore, it found that the risk of large fire emissions in autumn has increased due to decreased fuel moisture and concurrent fire-favorable meteorological patterns.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Lisa Mchugh, Paul Van Buynder, Mohinder Sarna, Ross M. Andrews, Hannah C. Moore, Michael J. Binks, Gavin Pereira, Christopher C. Blyth, Karin Lust, Damien Foo, Annette K. Regan
Summary: This study aims to investigate the gaps and predictors of influenza and pertussis vaccinations during pregnancy in Australia. The study found inequity in vaccine uptake between First Nations and non-Indigenous pregnancies, as well as low overall vaccination rates. If the pertussis vaccine is driving the uptake of influenza vaccine, changes in antenatal healthcare practices are needed to protect against infection.
AUSTRALIAN & NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Tong Li, Brooke Nickel, Preston Ngo, Kathleen McFadden, Meagan Brennan, M. Luke Marinovich, Nehmat Houssami
Summary: This systematic review examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on breast cancer screening and diagnosis. The findings show a significant reduction in screening volumes and the number of diagnosed breast cancers during the pandemic, as well as an increase in the proportion of advanced stage cancer at diagnosis.
Article
Pediatrics
Damien Foo, Mohinder Sarna, Gavin Pereira, Hannah C. Moore, Annette K. Regan
Summary: This retrospective cohort study examined the association between in utero exposure to seasonal inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) and the risk of a diagnosis of a neurodevelopmental disorder in early childhood. The results showed that there was no increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders following in utero exposure to seasonal IIV. However, there was some evidence suggesting that exposure during the first trimester may reduce the risk of seizure disorders, and exposure in preterm children may reduce the risk of sleep disorders.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lydia Sandrah Kaforau, Gizachew A. A. Tessema, Jonine Jancey, Hugo Bugoro, Gavin Pereira
Summary: Low birth weight (LBW) is responsible for more than 80% of under-5 deaths worldwide, with a majority occurring in low- and middle-income countries. A study in the Solomon Islands using 2015 demographic and health survey data found that the prevalence of LBW was 10%. Risk factors associated with LBW included history of marijuana and kava use, polygamous relationships, lack of antenatal care, and decision-making by another person. Additionally, household size and tobacco and cigarette use history were also linked to LBW cases in the Solomon Islands. The study highlights the importance of addressing behavioral and social risk factors in reducing LBW rates.
ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sylvester Dodzi Nyadanu, Gizachew A. Tessema, Ben Mullins, Bernard Kumi-Boateng, Anthony Adofo Ofosu, Gavin Pereira
Summary: This study examined the association between prenatal long-term ambient temperature exposure and stillbirth in Ghana. It found that long-term heat stress exposure was associated with a greater risk of stillbirth.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
M. Luke Marinovich, Elizabeth Wylie, William Lotter, Helen Lund, Andrew Waddell, Carolyn Madeley, Gavin Pereira, Nehmat Houssami
Summary: In this study, the accuracy of artificial intelligence (AI) was compared with radiologists in breast cancer screening. The AI algorithm showed a lower AUC compared to radiologists. However, AI detected interval cancers that were missed by radiologists.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Tezera Moshago Berheto, Mathilde Sengoelge, Sebsibe Tadesse, Shimelash Bitew Workie, Gizachew Tessema, Solomon Tessema Memirie, Shikur Mohammed, Fentabil Getnet, Ally Walker, Mohsen Naghavi, Awoke Misganaw
Summary: This study compiled the best available evidence on injury in Ethiopia from 1990 to 2019. It found that although the burden of injuries has decreased over the past 30 years, it remains an area of public health priority. Strategies for injury prevention and control should consider regional disparities, promote transportation safety, develop negotiation skills, ensure workplace safety, and improve psychological wellbeing.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Scott A. Sims, Gavin Pereira, Daniel M. Fatovich, David Preen, Melissa O'Donnell
Summary: The study evaluates the usefulness of night-time presentations in measuring alcohol-related harm (ARH) among young trauma patients. Night-time presentations can serve as a proxy measure of ARH, but they are not a strong predictor. Targeted interventions during night hours and mandatory data collection strategies are recommended for accurate measurement of ARH cases.
EMERGENCY MEDICINE AUSTRALASIA
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Jennifer J. Yland, Amelia K. Wesselink, Annette K. Regan, Elizabeth E. Hatch, Kenneth J. Rothman, David A. Savitz, Tanran R. Wang, Krista F. Huybrechts, Sonia Hernandez-Diaz, Michael L. Eisenberg, Lauren A. Wise
Summary: COVID-19 vaccination in either partner at any time before conception is not associated with an increased rate of miscarriage.
HUMAN REPRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Annette K. Regan, Amelia K. Wesselink, Tanran R. Wang, David A. Savitz, Jennifer J. Yland, Kenneth J. Rothman, Elizabeth E. Hatch, Lauren A. Wise
Summary: This study evaluated the association between seasonal influenza vaccination and miscarriage. The results showed that there was no significant association between receiving influenza vaccination before or during pregnancy and the risk of miscarriage.
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Medical Informatics
Nehmat Houssami, M. Luke Marinovich
LANCET DIGITAL HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Belinda Neo, Xiaochen Qu, Eleanor Dunlop, Carrington Shepherd, Erin I. Walsh, Nicolas Cherbuin, Lucinda J. Black
Summary: This study aimed to identify key topics and research gaps in vitamin D research in Australia through data analysis. The results identified nine topics and 60 sub-topics, including the impact of vitamin D on vulnerable populations, the effects of sun exposure on health, and the association between vitamin D and falls and fractures in older adults. However, there is limited research on vitamin D in Aboriginal populations and dietary vitamin D.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Daniel Christensen, Alison Gibberd, Bridgette Mcnamara, Sandra Eades, Carrington Shepherd, David B. Preen, Daniel Mcaullay, Natalie Strobel
Summary: This study identified important determinants of discharge against medical advice (DAMA), including admission status, triage status, location, and calendar year. These findings could inform targeted measures to decrease DAMA, particularly in regional and remote communities.
PAEDIATRIC AND PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Marwan Awad Ahmed, Helen D. Bailey, Gavin Pereira, Scott W. White, Matthew J. L. Hare, Kingsley Wong, Rhonda Marriott, Carrington C. J. Shepherd
Summary: This population-based study investigated the association between BMI and other predictors with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among Australian Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal mothers. The study found that obesity, previous large for gestational age babies, and previous macrosomia were more strongly associated with GDM in Aboriginal mothers. Overweight/obesity was identified as a key driver of GDM among Aboriginal women.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Helen D. Bailey, Akilew A. Adane, Scott W. White, Brad M. Farrant, Carrington C. J. Shepherd
Summary: This study found that mothers of stillbirths in Western Australia between 2000 and 2015 had an increased risk of severe maternal morbidity compared to mothers of live births, regardless of the presence of maternal comorbidities.
ARCHIVES OF GYNECOLOGY AND OBSTETRICS
(2023)