Article
Behavioral Sciences
John A. Groeger, June C-Y. Lo, Nayantara Santhi, Alpar S. Lazar, Derk-Jan Dijk
Summary: Laboratory-based studies have shown that sleep restriction or deprivation can lead to a decrease in positive affect, worsening mood, and an increase in hostility. Mood changes can also occur when individuals sleep during atypical circadian phases. These findings highlight the importance of sleep in regulating emotions and suggest that mood changes systematically as sleep is shortened or mistimed.
FRONTIERS IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Benjamin W. Domingue, Klint Kanopka, Ben Stenhaug, Michael J. Sulik, Tanesia Beverly, Matthieu Brinkhuis, Ruhan Circi, Jessica Faul, Dandan Liao, Bruce McCandliss, Jelena Obradovic, Chris Piech, Tenelle Porter, James Soland, Jon Weeks, Steven L. Wise, Jason Yeatman
Summary: This study investigates the impact of time constraints on response accuracy in observational settings and finds inconsistent results. The study also suggests that individuals with greater variation in response speed tend to have lower ability.
JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL AND BEHAVIORAL STATISTICS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Thomas R. Reppert, Richard P. Heitz, Jeffrey D. Schall
Summary: The medial frontal cortex (MFC) has a debated role in speed-accuracy trade-off (SAT), but this study provides evidence of its importance. Neural spiking patterns in the supplementary eye field (SEF) were observed during a visual search task in macaques. Results showed that SEF neurons discharge less during accuracy emphasis and adjust immediately upon SAT cue changes. The study suggests that MFC plays a critical role in evaluating and signaling errors in choice and timing during SAT tasks.
Article
Neurosciences
Harris R. Lieberman, John A. Caldwell, Oshin Vartanian, Owen T. Carmichael, J. Philip Karl, Claire E. Berryman, Kishore M. Gadde, Philip J. Niro, Melissa N. Harris, Jennifer C. Rood, Stefan M. Pasiakos
Summary: The behavioral effects of testosterone can be influenced by various factors such as dose, formulation, duration of administration, personality, genetics, and endogenous levels of testosterone. This study aimed to examine the behavioral effects of repeated doses of testosterone on young men with reduced testosterone levels due to severe energy deficit.
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mathias Basner, Tyler M. Moore, Jad Nasrini, Ruben C. Gur, David F. Dinges
Summary: This study investigated the influence of system latency bias and its variability on PVT performance metrics. The results showed that increasing bias and variability led to more lapses in sleep-deprived participants and slower response speed in alert participants.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anastasios Koutsoumparis, Luisa M. Welp, Alexander Wulf, Henning Urlaub, David Meierhofer, Stefan Boerno, Bernd Timmermann, Inka Busack, Henrik Bringmann
Summary: This study reveals the role of sleep-active neurons in promoting protective gene expression during sleep. Disturbing sleep leads to increased depolarization of sleep-active neurons and further enhances protective gene expression. The findings suggest that sleep deprivation induces a cellular stress response mediated by overactivation of sleep-active neurons.
Article
Business, Finance
Catalin Dragomirescu-Gaina, Dionisis Philippas, Mike G. Tsionas
Summary: Active fund managers may improve market timing performance by making quick portfolio adjustments backed by rough estimates, but oversimplification could lead to inability to profit in calm markets. Selecting accuracy levels upfront through different data-filtering techniques can expose a trade-off between prediction accuracy and reaction speed across hedge funds' investment styles. Less accurate predictions may speed up reactions to unexpected changes in uncertainty and risk measures, as shown in empirical analysis and complemented by simulation exercises.
INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Margo W. Menkes, Carolyn M. Andrews, Helen J. Burgess, Isabel Carley, David F. Marshall, Scott A. Langenecker, Melvin G. McInnis, Patricia J. Deldin, Kelly A. Ryan
Summary: Individuals with bipolar I disorder (BD-I) have poorer sleep quality and neuropsychological functioning compared to healthy controls, and poor sleep quality is associated with learning, memory, and executive functioning impairments, with similar effects across groups.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Psychology
Hamutal Kreiner, Eyal Gamliel
Summary: The attribute-framing bias shows that people tend to evaluate objects framed positively more favorably. However, these evaluations are still influenced by the magnitude of the target attribute. In three experiments, we examined how encouraging speeded or accurate responses affected the bias and calibration of evaluations. Results indicated that the bias was affected by the framing valence and the calibration was influenced by speed-accuracy manipulation in negative framing conditions. We discuss the role of fuzzy-trace theory in explaining these findings.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-LEARNING MEMORY AND COGNITION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Alexander Hiemann, Thomas Kautz, Tino Zottmann, Mario Hlawitschka
Summary: This paper presents a real-time ball detection approach based on the YOLOv3 object detection model, which enhances the accuracy and speed of detecting small, fast-moving balls through specific adjustments to the network architecture and training process. By integrating domain-specific knowledge and image processing techniques, the generalization ability of the detection network is improved.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Weihua Ding, Liuyue Yang, Eleanor Shi, Bowon Kim, Sarah Low, Kun Hu, Lei Gao, Ping Chen, Wei Ding, David Borsook, Andrew Luo, Jee Hyun Choi, Changning Wang, Oluwaseun Akeju, Jun Yang, Chongzhao Ran, Kristin L. Schreiber, Jianren Mao, Qian Chen, Guoping Feng, Shiqian Shen
Summary: This study reveals that the level of endocannabinoid signaling in the thalamic reticular nucleus decreases after chronic sleep disruption, leading to increased pain sensitivity. By uncovering this mechanism, a better understanding of the pain issues caused by sleep disruption can be achieved, providing new insights for related treatments and interventions.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Weitian Li, Zixu Wang, Jing Cao, Yulan Dong, Yaoxing Chen
Summary: Insufficient sleep disrupts circadian rhythm and contributes to intestinal diseases. The normal circadian rhythm of the gut microbiota is crucial for its physiological functions. Sleep restriction in mice disrupted the pattern of colonic microbial communities and reduced the proportion of gut microbiota with a circadian rhythm. However, melatonin supplementation restored the circadian rhythm of gut microbiota and improved the disturbances caused by sleep restriction.
MICROBES AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hiroyuki Umegaki, Yusuke Suzuki, Hitoshi Komiya, Kazuhisa Watanabe, Masaaki Nagae, Yosuke Yamada, Masafumi Kuzuya
Summary: This study investigated the association between gait speed and qualitative errors on the Clock Drawing Test (CDT) in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The results showed that conceptual deficit (CD) type errors were negatively associated with maximum gait speed. This study further supports the clinical importance of qualitative assessments of the CDT.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biology
Jingqiang Li, Yanru Zhou, Xining Zhang, Qingfu Wang, Lu Zhang
Summary: Total sleep deprivation reduces cognitive efficiency and leads to lapses in attention. This study found that attention and executive function are impaired during wakefulness, especially after 14 hours of being awake. Subjective perception is also closely correlated with task performance and brain connectivity strength.
CHRONOBIOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gabriela Hurtado-Alvarado, Eva Soto-Tinoco, Esteban Santacruz-Martinez, Masha Prager-Khoutorsky, Carolina Escobar, Ruud M. Buijs
Summary: Short sleep is associated with disturbances in glucose metabolism and may lead to prediabetes. Sleep delay decreases activity of vasopressin neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus, resulting in hyperglycemia.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Katharina Diekmann, Irina Boeckelmann, Havard R. Karlsen, Anke Lux, Beatrice Thielmann
JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE
(2020)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Havard R. Karlsen, Irina Boeckelmann, Beatrice Thielmann
Summary: Categorizing individuals into different types using the DSI can help raise awareness of unhealthy stress and coping patterns. The study found that individuals categorized as overstressed and high stress/high coping types were more likely to exhibit burnout symptoms, while those in the low stress/high coping and stress-resistant types generally had lower levels of burnout.
INTERNATIONAL ARCHIVES OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Biology
Ingvild Saksvik-Lehouillier, Lisa Nordhaug, Stine Marie Owesen, Havard R. Karlsen
Summary: The study aimed to explore the circadian rhythm of affect, autonomy, competence, and relatedness in the at-home sleep environmental setting. Positive affect showed stability across days, while some basic needs varied throughout the day. Different times of day showed significant differences in positive affect, autonomy frustration, and competence frustration.
CHRONOBIOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Beatrice Thielmann, Havard R. Karlsen, Sabine Darius, Irina Boeckelmann
Summary: The study found that some employees working with patients or children experience exhaustion and cynicism, with significant differences in cynicism levels among different groups.
JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Social
Eva Langvik, Havard Rudi Karlsen, Ingvild Saksvik-Lehouillier, Torhild Anita Sorengaard
Summary: Contrary to expectations, extraversion was not related to satisfaction with home-office arrangements, but extraverts were more likely to miss their colleagues, had a slight negative association with stress, and showed a dose-response relationship with meeting colleagues outside of work during lockdown.
PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Havard R. Karlsen, Eva Langvik
Summary: Several meta-analyses have shown extraversion to be an important predictor of leadership emergence, effectiveness, and behavior. However, recent research has also highlighted the potential for introverts to be equal or superior leaders in certain contexts. Additionally, there is a call for researchers to focus on narrower personality traits as potentially more valid predictors of leadership behavior.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Beatrice Thielmann, Havard Rudi Karlsen, Myroslav Tymbota, Valeriy Kapustnyk, Nathalie Zavgorodnia, Igor Zavgorodnii, Irina Boeckelmann
Summary: The study found that 9.9% of Ukrainian university lecturers reported mental health issues, while 64.8% showed work-related behavior and experience risk patterns. Differences in mental health and work behavior were observed among different age groups within the lecturer population.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Social
Ingvild Saksvik-Lehouillier, Eva Langvik, Simen Berg Saksvik, Havard Kallestad, Hanna Storksen Folleso, Sigrun Borgen Austad, Johanna Dahlberg, Heidi Ringen, Tiril Tanum, Torhild Anita Sorengaard, Havard Rudi Karlsen, Trine Smedbol, Alexander Olsen
Summary: The study found that individuals with higher neuroticism scores experienced a decrease in negative affect after sleep deprivation, while those with lower scores saw an increase. Positive affect decreased following sleep deprivation, regardless of neuroticism scores.
PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
(2022)
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Havard R. Karlsen, Florian Matejschek, Ingvild Saksvik-Lehouillier, Eva Langvik
Summary: This paper aims to summarize and evaluate the empirical support for the association between anxiety and cardiovascular disease, highlighting the lack of evidential support for anxiety as a risk factor for CVD compared to depression. Conflicting findings in studies may be attributed to differences in study designs or populations.
HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY OPEN
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Havard R. Karlsen, Ingvild Saksvik-Lehouillier, Katie L. Stone, Eva Schernhammer, Kristine Yaffe, Eva Langvik
Summary: This study found that anxiety is not a significant independent predictor of CHD or CER, suggesting that previous findings of anxiety as a risk factor for CVD might be attributed to failure to control for the effect of depression.
PSYCHOLOGY & HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Torhild Anita Sorengaard, Havard Rudi Karlsen, Eva Langvik, Stile Pallesen, Bjorn Bjorvatn, Sid Waage, Bente Elisabeth Moen, Ingvild Saksvik-Lehouillier
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2019)