Article
Microbiology
Katherine A. Willard, Ashley P. Barry, Cliff I. Oduor, John Michael Ong'echa, Jeffrey A. Bailey, Ann M. Moormann, Micah A. Luftig
Summary: In this study, we describe an unusual spontaneous lytic phenotype in EBV strains isolated from Kenyan endemic Burkitt lymphoma patients. These findings provide insight into viral and host factors involved in this process and the potential contribution of promiscuous lytic activity to the formation of EBV-associated diseases.
Review
Oncology
Magda Zanelli, Francesca Sanguedolce, Maurizio Zizzo, Andrea Palicelli, Maria Chiara Bassi, Giacomo Santandrea, Giovanni Martino, Alessandra Soriano, Cecilia Caprera, Matteo Corsi, Stefano Ricci, Linda Ricci, Stefano Ascani
Summary: Primary effusion lymphoma is a rare and often fatal post-transplant complication that can develop several years after transplantation. Clinicians should be suspicious of this condition in transplanted patients, especially those presenting with unexplained body cavity effusions.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Mayo Hirabayashi, Damien Georges, Gary M. Clifford, Catherine de Martel
Summary: In this study, the proportion of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive gastric cancer was systematically explored. The prevalence of EBV in gastric tumors was 7.5%, higher in men, diffuse type, and proximal region. Developing an effective EBV vaccine could potentially prevent 81,000 EBV-associated gastric cancer cases annually.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Mike Dorothea, Jia Xie, Stephanie Pei Tung Yiu, Alan Kwok Shing Chiang
Summary: This review summarizes the oncogenic roles of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) lytic proteins, which are expressed during the latent and lytic replication cycles of the virus, and categorizes them based on the cancer hallmarks displayed. The oncogenic properties of several EBV lytic proteins are postulated by comparing the evolutionary conserved oncogenic mechanisms in other herpesviruses and oncoviruses.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yoshimi Enose-Akahata, Limin Wang, Fahad Almsned, Kory R. Johnson, Yair Mina, Joan Ohayon, Xin Wei Wang, Steven Jacobson
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), and the cause of MS remains unknown. This study investigated the antibody responses against various viruses in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum of MS patients, and found significant differences compared to healthy volunteers, as well as a pattern of antibody responses against multiple viruses, including Epstein-Barr virus. These findings indicate that virus-specific antibody signatures might reflect the disease-associated inflammatory milieu in the CSF of patients with neuroinflammatory diseases.
Article
Virology
JungHyun Kim, Wei Bu, Sohtaro Mine, Zeshan Tariq, Hanh Nguyen, Yanmei Wang, Cynthia Tolman, James Mond, Jeffrey I. Cohen
Summary: The study found that hyperimmune globulin can reduce viral load in EBV infection, but the effect is limited.
Review
Virology
Jessica Oswald, Mathew Constantine, Adedolapo Adegbuyi, Esosa Omorogbe, Anna J. Dellomo, Elana S. Ehrlich
Summary: In order to infect and replicate, viruses need to control cellular machinery and counteract antiviral proteins and restriction factors. They achieve this by regulating cellular gene expression and post-transcriptional and post-translational control. Many viruses manipulate and counteract cellular processes through modulation of post-translational modification machinery and utilizing or taking over kinases, SUMO ligases, deubiquitinases, and ubiquitin ligases. This review focuses on the interactions between three oncoviruses, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and the ubiquitin-proteasome system via viral-encoded or cellular E3 ubiquitin ligase activity.
Article
Pathology
Sudipta Samanta, Muthukaruppan Swaminathan, Jianing Hu, Khai Tuck Lee, Ajitha Sundaresan, Chuan Keng Goh, Chor Hiang Siow, Kwok Seng Loh, Soh Ha Chan, Joshua K. Tay, Ian Cheong
Summary: The use of immunofluorescence assay for detecting serum Epstein-Barr virus antibodies is the gold standard screening test for nasopharyngeal cancer in high-risk populations. This study demonstrates that integrating deep learning with automated fuzzy inference can improve the scalability and accuracy of NPC detection.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Hannes Vietzen, Philippe L. Furlano, Jan J. Cornelissen, Georg A. Boehmig, Peter Jaksch, Elisabeth Puchhammer-Stoeckl
Summary: This study found that nonclassic human leukocyte antigen E (HLA-E)-restricted immune responses have a significant impact on the development of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) diseases in the individual host. The highly expressed HLA-E*0103/0103 genotype is protective against infectious mononucleosis (IM) by inducing potent EBV BZLF1-specific HLA-E-restricted CD8(+) T-cell responses. Variations in the inhibitory NKG2A/LMP-1/HLA-E axis are associated with the risk of symptomatic EBV reactivations in both immunocompetent individuals and immunocompromised transplant recipients.
Review
Virology
Christian Munz
Summary: This review discusses the role of costimulatory and coinhibitory receptors in EBV and KSHV-associated diseases, revealing the specificities of these receptors in tumor virus immunity, and emphasizing the importance of monitoring EBV and KSHV-specific immune control during immune checkpoint inhibition to prevent adverse events.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Evita Athanasiou, Antonios N. Gargalionis, Fotini Boufidou, Athanassios Tsakris
Summary: The role of HHVs, especially CMV, EBV, and HHV-6, in malignant brain tumors is controversial. These viruses have been found to promote cancer cell proliferation, invasion, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and immunosuppression in brain tumors, while also potentially serving as immunotherapeutic tools.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesca Kasimir, Danny Toomey, Zheng Liu, Agnes C. Kaiping, Maria Eugenia Ariza, Bhupesh K. Prusty
Summary: This study found evidence of tissue-specific active HHV-6 and EBV infection in ME/CFS patients' brains and neuronal tissues, providing grounds for renewed discussion on the role of herpesviruses in ME/CFS.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
M. Bistrom, D. Jons, E. Engdahl, R. Gustafsson, J. Huang, N. Brenner, J. Butt, L. Alonso-Magdalena, M. Gunnarsson, M. Vrethem, N. Bender, T. Waterboer, G. Granasen, T. Olsson, I. Kockum, O. Andersen, A. Fogdell-Hahn, Peter Sundstrom
Summary: This study suggests that EBV infection after adolescence and age independent HHV-6A infection are risk factors for MS. EBV infection is associated with increased MS risk in individuals aged 20-39 years, while HHV-6A infection is associated with increased MS risk in all age groups.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Hui Song, Yan Zhang, Juanjuan Liu, Wen Liu, Bing Luo
Summary: The study revealed a new mechanism of EBV in regulating the expression of DNMT3a in EBV-associated gastric carcinoma. Targeting the EBNA1/E2F1/DNMT3a axis could be a potential therapeutic strategy for EBVaGC with high DNMT3a expression.
DIGESTIVE AND LIVER DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Virology
Lotta E. Ivaska, Antti Silvoniemi, Emilia Mikola, Tuomo Puhakka, Matti Waris, Tytti Vuorinen, Tuomas Jartti
Summary: This study reveals that adenoid and tonsil tissues commonly harbor human herpes- and respiratory viruses, and it demonstrates the differences in virus findings between sample types.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Dajiang Li, Wenmin Fu, Sankar Swaminathan
Editorial Material
Immunology
Alexander J. Sundermann, Cornelius J. Clancy, A. William Pasculle, Guojun Liu, Richard B. Cumbie, Eileen Driscoll, Ashley Ayres, Lisa Donahue, Steven A. Pergam, Lilian Abbo, David R. Andes, Pranatharthi Chandrasekar, Alison L. Galdys, Kimberly E. Hanson, Kieren A. Marr, Jeanmarie Mayer, Seema Mehta, Michele I. Morris, John Perfect, Sanjay G. Revankar, Becky Smith, Sankar Swaminathan, George R. Thompson, Merin Varghese, Jose Vazquez, Estella Whimbey, John R. Wingard, M. Hong Nguyen
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2019)
Article
Virology
Wenmin Fu, Dinesh Verma, Ashlee Burton, Sankar Swaminathan
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2019)
Article
Microbiology
Dajiang Li, Sankar Swaminathan
Meeting Abstract
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rahul Agrawal, Michael G. Montgomery, Dinesh Verma, Griffin T. Durupt, Adriana Vieira de Abreu, Sankar Swaminathan, Simon Fisher
Article
Virology
Dajiang Li, Tim Mosbruger, Dinesh Verma, Sankar Swaminathan
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2020)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Priya Swaminathan, Sankar Swaminathan
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2020)
Article
Immunology
Rebekah M. Martin, Kristina Burke, Dinesh Verma, Heng Xie, Janine Langer, Robert Schlaberg, Sankar Swaminathan, Kimberly E. Hanson
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2020)
Article
Sport Sciences
Kimberly G. Harmon, Paul S. Pottinger, Aaron L. Baggish, Jonathan A. Drezner, Andrew M. Luks, Alexis A. Thompson, Sankar Swaminathan
SPORTS HEALTH-A MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH
(2020)
Article
Virology
Dinesh Verma, Trenton Mel Church, Sankar Swaminathan
Summary: Understanding the factors that affect the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 is crucial in combating COVID-19. This study showed that Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection induced ACE2 expression in epithelial cells, increasing susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2. The EBV transcriptional activator Zta directly activated the ACE2 promoter, and inhibiting EBV replication may reduce susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Elena G. Gibson, Melissa Pender, Michael Angerbauer, Craig Cook, Barbara Jones, Adam M. Spivak, Emily S. Spivak, Sankar Swaminathan
Summary: This case highlights the potential risk of persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients treated with anti-CD-20 monoclonal antibodies, and the potential effectiveness of convalescent plasma and antiviral therapy in resolving symptoms. It suggests a significant role for humoral immunity in disease resolution.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Melissa Pender, Ninad Mehta, Blake D. Hamilton, Sankar Swaminathan
Summary: We describe the case of a poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus patient who presented with left-sided abdominal pain and was found to have a left adrenal abscess caused by Nocardia beijingensis. We review the published literature on this uncommonly identified Nocardia species among immunocompetent patients and summarize the diagnosis and management of N beijingensis isolated from an adrenal abscess.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Kimberly Harmon, Anabelle M. de St Maurice, Adam C. Brady, Sankar Swaminathan, Doug F. Aukerman, Miguel A. Rueda, Kim Terrell, Randall P. Cohen, Seth C. Gamradt, Sunday D. Henry, Lindsay M. Huston, David R. McAllister, Kenneth M. McCarty, Anthony N. Pass, Stephen R. Paul, David J. Petron, Stephanie A. Kliethermes
Summary: This study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of antigen testing compared with RT-PCR in an asymptomatic athlete screening program, finding that antigen testing has high specificity but lower sensitivity than RT-PCR. Daily antigen testing or RT-PCR testing two to three times a week showed similar effectiveness in identifying infections, with benefits and drawbacks to each approach.
BMJ OPEN SPORT & EXERCISE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Rahul Agrawal, Griffin Durupt, Dinesh Verma, Michael Montgomery, Adriana Vieira-de Abreu, Casey Taylor, Sankar Swaminathan, Simon J. Fisher