Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Cameron Gofton, Yadhavan Upendran, Ming-Hua Zheng, Jacob George
Summary: Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a term introduced in 2020 to describe fatty liver disease associated with systemic metabolic dysregulation. The name change from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to MAFLD comes with a simple set of criteria for easy diagnosis, and it has shown superiority in various aspects compared to NAFLD, including liver and extrahepatic mortality, disease associations, and identification of high-risk individuals. MAFLD has been adopted by many national and international societies due to its concise diagnostic criterion, removal of exclusionary criteria, and reduction in stigmatization. This article explores the differences between MAFLD and NAFLD diagnosis, benefits, limitations, and the impact of MAFLD terminology on research.
CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Si Woo Lee, Heeyoung Kim, Jeong Young Park
Summary: Hot electrons are excited by energy dissipation during chemical reactions on metal catalyst surfaces, occurring at both solid-gas and solid-liquid interfaces. In this study, comparing electronic excitation at the two interfaces, it was found that the efficiency of reaction-induced excitation of hot electrons was approximately 100 times higher at the solid-liquid interface compared to the solid-gas interface. The boost in hot electron excitation in the liquid phase is attributed to the presence of an ionic layer lowering the potential barrier for electron transfer.
Article
Business
Erick P. C. Chang, Sina Zare, Veland Ramadani
Summary: The research explores the differences between large family businesses and non-family businesses in terms of professional management and isomorphic pressures, focusing on the challenges and influences faced by family businesses.
JOURNAL OF BUSINESS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Social
Matthew J. W. McLarnon, Rima C. Tarraf
Summary: The study found that the relationship between honesty-humility and both the general factor and specific factor of the Dark Triad is not as expected, providing contradictory evidence against the perspective that the core of the Dark Triad reflects the inverse of honest-humility.
PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Kaiqi Shao, Majid Elahi Shirvan, Abdullah Alamer
Summary: This excerpt discusses the assessment of association between conceptual constructs in quantitative research in education and psychology. It highlights the variations in methods used by researchers to analyze data and obtain correlation results. It emphasizes the importance of selecting the appropriate method to ensure accurate results.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Garry Kong, Daryl Fougnie
Summary: Research suggests that selection within memory differs from selection within perception. Despite superior memory accuracy for items referenced by spatial location, accessing items based on spatial location takes longer compared to accessing them based on color.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-GENERAL
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mario Iglesias-Caamano, Tania Alvarez-Yates, Javier Carballo-Lopez, Alba Cuba-Dorado, Oscar Garcia-Garcia
Summary: This study aims to investigate the magnitude and direction of asymmetry in volleyball players and establish asymmetry thresholds. The study found that the type of test used and the players' category can influence the magnitude and direction of asymmetry. Therefore, choosing the appropriate test is crucial for determining the asymmetry in well-trained volleyball players.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Victor M. Martinez-Taboada, Pedro Blanco-Olavarri, Sara Del Barrio-Longarela, Leyre Riancho-Zarrabeitia, Ana Merino, Alejandra Comins-Boo, Marcos Lopez-Hoyos, Jose L. Hernandez
Summary: This study compares the characteristics, features, serology, and outcomes of women with obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) to those with non-criteria (NC)-APS and seronegative (SN)-APS. The study found that the cardiovascular risk burden was higher in the APS group and patients with APS criteria received more intensive treatment. However, with the addition of standard of care (SoC) treatment, fetal-maternal outcomes were similar among all groups, with significant improvement in live births and a decrease in adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO).
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jae Hyun Kim, Yeon Ji Kim, Gyu Man Oh, Woohyuk Jung, Seun Ja Park
Summary: This study found that the gut microbiome of patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is different from that of healthy individuals. The microbial richness in FAP patients is lower, and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio is higher compared to healthy people, especially in those with a lower proportion of Bacteroidetes and a higher proportion of Proteobacteria. Specific abundant strains were also identified in the fecal samples of FAP patients.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Vili Lehdonvirta, Lulu P. Shi, Ekaterina Hertog, Nobuko Nagase, Yuji Ohta
Summary: This study aims to expand the discussion on the future of work to unpaid domestic work and critique the methodology used in previous studies. By using a sociological approach, the study considers how experts' diverse backgrounds shape their estimates. The findings show that, on average, 39% of the time spent on domestic tasks will be automatable within ten years. Japanese male experts were notably pessimistic about domestic automation, possibly due to gender disparities in Japanese households.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Juana Mosele, Bianca Souza da Costa, Silvia Bobadilla, Maria-Jose Motilva
Summary: The phenolic composition of grape byproducts varies between red and white grape cultivars, as well as between different parts of the grape (skin, seed, and stem). Carbonic maceration has a negative impact on the phenolic content. The specific phenolic composition of these byproducts can be used for various applications.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ana M. Ferreira, Anna Vikulina, Michael Loughlin, Dmitry Volodkin
Summary: This study investigates the effects of different capping agents on the stability and antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The results demonstrate that dextran and carboxymethyl-dextran coated AgNPs exhibit good stability in water and strong antibacterial activity against various bacteria. The selection and properties of capping agents have a significant impact on the stability and antibacterial performance of AgNPs.
Article
Forestry
Gabriela Wozniak, Damian Chmura, Marcin K. Dyderski, Agnieszka Blonska, Andrzej M. Jagodzinski
Summary: This study compared the taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity between forests developed on post-coal mining heaps and non-industrial forests in South Poland. The results showed higher functional richness and dispersion in coniferous forests, but distinct differences in species composition between the two habitats. No differences were found in functional evenness and divergence.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Economics
Ahmad Hassan Ahmad, Christopher J. Green, Fei Jiang, Victor Murinde
Summary: We investigate the contributions of fixed and mobile telecommunications (ICT) and mobile money to economic growth and financial inclusion in a 22-year panel of 146 countries. We find that mobile money has a significant overall positive impact on growth, especially in countries with better mobile phone penetration and more dispersed populations. However, the total quantitative effect of mobile money on growth is not large. There are important differences between the SSA and RoW parameters, implying that the determinants of growth are different in these regions.
ECONOMIC MODELLING
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zhigao Luo, Li Qi, Xiao Du, Jirui Yang, Chuanhao Wen
Summary: Authoritarian environmentalism in China is influenced by the history of political centralization, but its effectiveness lacks empirical evidence. This study constructs a will index of provincial and central governments’ environmental governance using the cognitive motivation theory and corpus linguistics. The results show that there is a negative correlation between the central government's will and environmental quality, indicating that top-down authoritarian environmentalism is less effective in China. However, the interaction between the central and provincial governments has a significantly positive impact on environmental governance.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
H. F. Li, S. Naimi, T. M. Sprouse, M. R. Mumpower, Y. Abe, Y. Yamaguchi, D. Nagae, F. Suzaki, M. Wakasugi, H. Arakawa, W. B. Dou, D. Hamakawa, S. Hosoi, Y. Inada, D. Kajiki, T. Kobayashi, M. Sakaue, Y. Yokoda, T. Yamaguchi, R. Kagesawa, D. Kamioka, T. Moriguchi, M. Mukai, A. Ozawa, S. Ota, N. Kitamura, S. Masuoka, S. Michimasa, H. Baba, N. Fukuda, Y. Shimizu, H. Suzuki, H. Takeda, D. S. Ahn, M. Wang, C. Y. Fu, Q. Wang, S. Suzuki, Z. Ge, Yu. A. Litvinov, G. Lorusso, P. M. Walker, Zs. Podolyak, T. Uesaka
Summary: The Rare-RI Ring (R3) is a newly commissioned mass spectrometer at the Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory (RIBF) in RIKEN, dedicated to measuring the mass of exotic nuclei far from stability. The first application of the R3 mass spectrometer at RIBF is reported, where masses of several rare isotopes were measured with improved uncertainty. This new technique of individual injection of preidentified rare nuclei is essential for future mass measurements of the rarest isotopes produced at RIBF. The impact of a new measurement on the solar r-process abundances is also discussed.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
M. Duer, T. Aumann, R. Gernhaeuser, V. Panin, S. Paschalis, D. M. Rossi, N. L. Achouri, D. Ahn, H. Baba, C. A. Bertulani, M. Boehmer, K. Boretzky, C. Caesar, N. Chiga, A. Corsi, D. Cortina-Gil, C. A. Douma, F. Dufter, Z. Elekes, J. Feng, B. Fernandez-Dominguez, U. Forsberg, N. Fukuda, I. Gasparic, Z. Ge, J. M. Gheller, J. Gibelin, A. Gillibert, K. I. Hahn, Z. Halasz, M. N. Harakeh, A. Hirayama, M. Holl, N. Inabe, T. Isobe, J. Kahlbow, N. Kalantar-Nayestanaki, D. Kim, S. Kim, T. Kobayashi, Y. Kondo, D. Koerper, P. Koseoglou, Y. Kubota, I. Kuti, P. J. Li, C. Lehr, S. Lindberg, Y. Liu, F. M. Marques, S. Masuoka, M. Matsumoto, J. Mayer, K. Miki, B. Monteagudo, T. Nakamura, T. Nilsson, A. Obertelli, N. A. Orr, H. Otsu, S. Y. Park, M. Parlog, P. M. Potlog, S. Reichert, A. Revel, A. T. Saito, M. Sasano, H. Scheit, F. Schindler, S. Shimoura, H. Simon, L. Stuhl, H. Suzuki, D. Symochko, H. Takeda, J. Tanaka, Y. Togano, T. Tomai, H. T. Toernqvist, J. Tscheuschner, T. Uesaka, V. Wagner, H. Yamada, B. Yang, L. Yang, Z. H. Yang, M. Yasuda, K. Yoneda, L. Zanetti, J. Zenihiro, M. V. Zhukov
Summary: This article discusses the long-standing question in nuclear physics of whether chargeless nuclear systems can exist. The researchers report on the observation of a resonance-like structure in the four-neutron system, indicating the existence of a quasi-bound tetraneutron state for a very short time. The measured energy and width of this state serve as an important benchmark for understanding the nuclear force.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
J. Gao, M. Sasano, L. Stuhl, H. Otsu, H. Baba
Summary: An indirect method based on timestamp analysis is developed to estimate the deadtime of a data acquisition system. The method's effectiveness is verified by studying the performance of different types of time-to-digital converter modules. The data acquisition system of the SAMURAI spectrometer at the RIKEN radioactive isotope beam factory is optimized using this method, resulting in a significant reduction in event deadtime.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
A. Vitez-Sveiczer, A. Algora, A. Morales, B. Rubio, G. G. Kiss, P. Sarriguren, P. Van Isacker, G. de Angelis, F. Recchia, S. Nishimura, J. Agramunt, V Guadilla, A. Montaner-Piza, S. E. A. Orrigo, A. Horvath, D. Napoli, S. Lenzi, A. Boso, V. H. Phong, J. Wu, P-A Soderstrom, T. Sumikama, H. Suzuki, H. Takeda, D. S. Ahn, H. Baba, P. Doornebal, N. Fukuda, N. Inabe, T. Isobe, T. Kubo, S. Kubono, H. Sakurai, Y. Shimizu, C. Sidong, B. Blank, P. Ascher, M. Gerbaux, T. Goigoux, J. Giovinazzo, S. Grevy, T. Kurtukian Nieto, C. Magron, W. Gelletly, Zs Dombradi, Y. Fujita, M. Tanaka, P. Aguilera, F. Molina, J. Eberth, F. Diel, D. Lubos, C. Borcea, E. Ganioglu, D. Nishimura, H. Oikawa, Y. Takei, S. Yagi, W. Korten, G. de France, P. Davies, J. Liu, J. Lee, T. Lokotko, I Kojouharov, N. Kurz, H. Shaffner, A. Petrovici
Summary: The beta-decay of the even-even nucleus Kr-70 with Z=N+2 was investigated, and fifteen gamma-rays associated with the beta-decay were identified for the first time. The half-life of Kr-70 and the beta-delayed proton emission probability were determined with increased precision. The study observed an increase in the beta-strength to the yrast 1(+) state, indicating potential increased np correlations in the T=0 channel.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
B. P. Kay, T. L. Tang, I. A. Tolstukhin, G. B. Roderick, A. J. Mitchell, Y. Ayyad, S. A. Bennett, J. Chen, K. A. Chipps, H. L. Crawford, S. J. Freeman, K. Garrett, M. D. Gott, M. R. Hall, C. R. Hoffman, H. Jayatissa, A. O. Macchiavelli, P. T. MacGregor, D. K. Sharp, G. L. Wilson
Summary: The absolute cross sections for the addition of s-and d-wave neutrons to 14C and 14N have been determined using the (d,p) reaction. The results differ significantly from those obtained from intermediate-energy knockout reactions. The simultaneous technique used in this study helps eliminate systematic uncertainties.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
D. S. Ahn, J. Amano, H. Baba, N. Fukuda, H. Geissel, N. Inabe, S. Ishikawa, N. Iwasa, T. Komatsubara, T. Kubo, K. Kusaka, D. J. Morrissey, T. Nakamura, M. Ohtake, H. Otsu, T. Sakakibara, H. Sato, B. M. Sherrill, Y. Shimizu, T. Sumikama, H. Suzuki, H. Takeda, O. B. Tarasov, H. Ueno, Y. Yanagisawa, K. Yoshida
Summary: The most neutron-rich sodium nucleus observed so far, 39Na, was discovered at the RIKEN Nishina Center Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory. The study confirms the particle stability of 39Na and provides new key information for understanding nuclear binding and structure under extremely neutron-rich conditions. This discovery has significant implications for nuclear models and theories predicting the neutron dripline and sheds light on the nuclear shell property of 39Na at the neutron number N = 28.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Takahiro Nishi, Kenta Itahashi, DeukSoon Ahn, Georg P. A. Berg, Masanori Dozono, Daijiro Etoh, Hiroyuki Fujioka, Naoki Fukuda, Nobuhisa Fukunishi, Hans Geissel, Emma Haettner, Tadashi S. Hashimoto, Ryugo Hayano, Satoru Hirenzaki, Hiroshi Horii, Natsumi Ikeno, Naoto Inabe, Masahiko Iwasaki, Daisuke Kameda, Keichi Kisamori, Yu Kiyokawa, Toshiyuki Kubo, Kensuke Kusaka, Masafumi Matsushita, Shin'ichiro Michimasa, Go Mishima, Hiroyuki Miya, Daichi Murai, Hideko Nagahiro, Megumi Niikura, Naoko Nose-Togawa, Shinsuke Ota, Naruhiko Sakamoto, Kimiko Sekiguchi, Yuta Shiokawa, Hiroshi Suzuki, Ken Suzuki, Motonobu Takaki, Hiroyuki K. Takeda, Yoshiki Tanaka, Tomohiro Uesaka, Yasumori Wada, Atomu N. Watanabe, Yuni Watanabe, Helmut Weick, Hiroki Yamakami, Yoshiyuki Yanagisawa, Koichi Yoshida
Summary: In quantum chromodynamics, the condensation of quark-antiquark pairs breaks the chiral symmetry of vacuum. Experiments with pionic tin atoms demonstrate that the symmetry is partially restored at high densities. Vacuum is not empty and is instead filled with quark-antiquark pairs, which form a condensate due to strong interaction. This condensation, known as chiral condensate, breaks the chiral symmetry of vacuum, and its expectation value decreases at high temperatures or high matter densities where the symmetry is partially restored.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
S. A. Bennett, K. Garrett, D. K. Sharp, S. J. Freeman, A. G. Smith, T. J. Wright, B. P. Kay, T. L. Tang, I. A. Tolstukhin, Y. Ayyad, J. Chen, P. J. Davies, A. Dolan, L. P. Gaffney, A. Heinz, C. R. Hoffman, C. Muller-Gatermann, R. D. Page, G. L. Wilson
Summary: We present a novel technique for obtaining fission data for nuclei that are not in beta stability. These data are important for understanding the astrophysical r process, the origin of heavy elements, and developing predictive models for fission. They are also relevant for terrestrial applications in power generation and safeguarding. The solenoidal spectrometer technique, commonly used for studying nucleon-transfer reactions in inverse kinematics, has been successfully applied to deduce the fission-barrier height of 239U via the 238U(d, pf) reaction, confirming the validity of this technique.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
A. Stefanescu, V Panin, L. Trache, T. Motobayashi, H. Otsu, A. Saastamoinen, T. Uesaka, L. Stuhl, J. Tanaka, D. Tudor, I. C. Stefanescu, A. E. Spiridon, K. Yoneda, H. Baba, M. Kurokawa, Y. Togano, Z. Halasz, M. Sasano, S. Ota, Y. Kubota, D. S. Ahn, T. Kobayashi, Z. Elekes, N. Fukuda, H. Takeda, D. Kim, E. Takada, H. Suzuki, K. Yoshida, Y. Shimizu, H. N. Liu, Y. L. Sun, T. Isobe, J. Gibelin, P. J. Li, J. Zenihiro, F. M. Marques, M. N. Harakeh, G. G. Kiss, A. Kurihara, M. Yasuda, T. Nakamura, S. Park, Z. Yang, T. Harada, M. Nishimura, H. Sato, I. S. Hahn, K. Y. Chae, J. M. Elson, L. G. Sobotka, C. A. Bertulani
Summary: This work describes the development of a silicon tracker system for experiments with proton-rich radioactive ion beams at the SAMURAI superconducting spectrometer of RIBF at RIKEN. The system is designed for accurate angular reconstruction and atomic number identification of relativistic heavy ions and protons, and has shown good performance in two pilot experiments. The physics justification for such a system is also presented.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Hajime Sotani, Shinsuke Ota
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between low-mass neutron stars and nuclear saturation parameters and finds suitable combinations to express their mass and gravitational redshift. It also discusses the constraints on the neutron star mass and radius from both terrestrial experiments and astronomical observations, and discovers a tight correlation between two parameters.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
A. Yagi, A. Odahara, H. Nishibata, R. Lozeva, C-B Moon, S. Nishimura, K. Yoshida, N. Yoshinaga, C. Watanabe, K. Higashiyama, T. Shimoda, R. Daido, Y. Fang, P. S. Lee, B. Moon, P. Doornenbal, G. Lorusso, P-A Soderstrom, T. Sumikama, H. Watanabe, T. Isobe, H. Baba, H. Sakurai, F. Browne, Z. Patel, S. Rice, L. Sinclair, J. Wu, Z. Y. Xu, R. Yokoyama, T. Kubo, N. Inabe, H. Suzuki, N. Fukuda, D. Kameda, H. Takeda, D. S. Ahn, Y. Shimizu, D. Murai, F. L. Bello Garrote, J-M Daugas, F. Didierjean, E. Ideguchi, S. Iimura, T. Ishigaki, H. S. Jung, T. Komatsubara, Y. K. Kwon, C. S. Lee, S. Morimoto, M. Niikura, I Nishizuka, K. Tshoo
Summary: The structure of the neutron-rich N = 86 isotope Xe-140 was investigated using beta-gamma spectroscopy, revealing two new beta-decay isomers. Comparisons between experimental results and theoretical calculations were made to discuss the nuclear structures of low-lying states in Xe-140.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
B. Moon, A. Gargano, H. Naidja, C-B Moon, A. Odahara, R. Lozeva, S. Nishimura, C. Yuan, F. Browne, P. Doornenbal, G. Lorusso, Z. Patel, S. Rice, M. Si, L. Sinclair, P-A Soderstrom, T. Sumikama, H. Watanabe, J. Wu, Z. Y. Xu, A. Yagi, D. S. Ahn, H. Baba, F. L. Bello Garrote, R. Daido, J. M. Daugas, F. Didierjean, Y. Fang, N. Fukuda, B. Hong, E. Ideguchi, N. Inabe, T. Ishigaki, T. Isobe, H. S. Jung, D. Kameda, I Kojouharov, T. Komatsubara, T. Kubo, Y. K. Kwon, C. S. Lee, P. Lee, S. Morimoto, D. Murai, M. Niikura, H. Nishibata, I Nishizuka, H. Sakurai, Y. Shimizu, H. Suzuki, H. Takeda, K. Tshoo, R. Yokoyama
Summary: The beta decay scheme of Te-138 and the level structure of I-138 have been reported for the first time. The experiment revealed new spin and parity assignments for I-138 based on the beta decay of Te-138. Calculation based on shell-model theory was used to discuss the proton-neutron interactions and Gamow-Teller transition strength in I-138.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
A. Galindo-Uribarri, O. G. Miranda, G. Sanchez Garcia
Summary: We propose the use of isotopically highly enriched detectors for the precise study of CEvNS. By using different isotopes in combination, this method allows for precision neutrino physics, testing Standard Model predictions, and probing new physics scenarios. The simultaneous differential CEvNS measurements with detectors of different isotopic composition can cancel systematic errors and provide extra sensitivity. The method has been demonstrated with three examples, showing its potential for high-precision robust measurements and resolving degeneracies in new physics scenarios.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
W. Horiuchi, T. Inakura, S. Michimasa
Summary: In this study, a systematic analysis of nuclear deformation was conducted for neutron-rich Ti, Cr, and Fe isotopes to explore the nuclear structure in the island of inversion near N = 40. It was found that the occupation of highly elongated intruder orbits induced large quadrupole deformation and large hexadecapole deformation in the island of inversion. The study also proposed a method to determine the edge of the island of inversion by measuring the enhancement of the total reaction cross section at high incident energy and discussed the possibility of constraining the hexadecapole deformation using total reaction cross sections.
