Article
Neurosciences
Xinyi Deng, Shizhe Chen, Marielena Sosa, Mattias P. Karlsson, Xue-Xin Wei, Loren M. Frank
Summary: Humans have the ability to store and retrieve memories with various degrees of specificity. Recent research on rat hippocampal population spiking suggests that spiking during memory-associated population events is rhythmically organized and becomes more variable with experience, providing a mechanism for storing experiences with different levels of specificity.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jacob L. S. Bellmund, Lorena Deuker, Nicole D. Montijn, Christian F. Doeller
Summary: The hippocampal-entorhinal region plays a crucial role in supporting memory for episodic details, including temporal relations, mnemonic constructions, and structural knowledge generalization.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lynn Nadel
Summary: The article discusses why our conceptions of space and time are intertwined with memory in the hippocampal formation, pointing out that animals bridge spatial and temporal gaps through the creation of internal models. The hippocampal formation plays a critical role in this process by constructing cognitive maps, creating neural trajectories, and simulating possible futures.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Philipp Schwartenbeck, Alon Baram, Yunzhe Liu, Shirley Mark, Timothy Muller, Raymond Dolan, Matthew Botvinick, Zeb Kurth-Nelson, Timothy Behrens
Summary: This study investigates how compositional computation is implemented in the human brain. The findings show that the representations of constructed objects in the frontal cortex and hippocampus are relational and compositional. Additionally, the replay process assembles elements into compounds, gradually shifting from predictable to uncertain elements, and converging on the correct configuration. These results suggest that the hippocampal-prefrontal circuitry plays a crucial role in compositional inference and hypothesis testing.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elizabeth L. Johnson, Qin Yin, Nolan B. O'Hara, Lingfei Tang, Jeong-Won Jeong, Eishi Asano, Noa Ofen
Summary: Understanding the development of complex brain functions is crucial for understanding how the human brain works. In this study, rare direct recordings from children and adolescents were used to fill a gap in models of human memory. The results show that memory relies on interactions between the medial temporal lobe (MTL) and prefrontal cortex (PFC), and the maturation of these interactions plays a key role in supporting memory development.
Article
Neurosciences
Sebi V. Rolotti, Mohsin S. Ahmed, Miklos Szoboszlay, Tristan Geiller, Adrian Negrean, Heike Blockus, Kevin C. Gonzalez, Fraser T. Sparks, Ana Sofia Solis Canales, Anna L. Tuttman, Darcy S. Peterka, Boris V. Zemelman, Franck Polleux, Attila Losonczy
Summary: Hippocampal place cells play a crucial role in spatial navigation and memory, and CA1 pyramidal neurons can rapidly form new place fields within a single trial. However, the rapid recruitment of individual neurons into ensemble representations is likely constrained by local feedback circuits. The interaction between circuit dynamics and rapid feature coding remains unexplored.
Article
Cell Biology
Xiaoyang Long, Sheng-Jia Zhang
Summary: Spatially selective firing of place cells, head direction cells, boundary vector/border cells, grid cells, and conjunctive cells have been identified in the primary somatosensory cortex, supporting the hypothesis that location information modulates body representation in this area of the brain. These findings offer transformative insights into how spatial information is processed and integrated in the brain, as well as the functional operations of the somatosensory cortex in the context of rehabilitation with brain-machine interfaces.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiayuan Xu, Xianyou Xia, Qiaojun Li, Yan Dou, Xinjun Suo, Zuhao Sun, Nana Liu, Yating Han, Xiaodi Sun, Yukun He, Wen Qin, Shijie Zhang, Tobias Banaschewski, Herta Flor, Antoine Grigis, Penny Gowland, Andreas Heinz, Ruediger Bruehl, Jean-Luc Martinot, Eric Artiges, Frauke Nees, Tomas Paus, Luise Poustka, Sarah Hohmann, Henrik Walter, Pak Chung Sham, Gunter Schumann, Xudong Wu, Mulin Jun Li, Chunshui Yu
Summary: This study integrates cross-omics analysis with genome editing, overexpression, and causality inference to identify the causal relationships between SNPs, DNA methylation, and gene expression and human hippocampal volume. The findings reveal a novel causal molecular association mechanism of ANKRD37 with human hippocampal volume and provide insights for the design of prevention and treatment strategies for hippocampal impairment.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Adam I. Ramsaran, Ying Wang, Ali Golbabaei, Stepan Aleshin, Mitchell L. de Snoo, Bi-ru Amy Yeung, Asim J. Rashid, Ankit Awasthi, Jocelyn Lau, Lina M. Tran, Sangyoon Y. Ko, Andrin Abegg, Lana Chunan Duan, Cory McKenzie, Julia Gallucci, Moriam Ahmed, Rahul Kaushik, Alexander Dityatev, Sheena A. Josselyn, Paul W. Frankland
Summary: The ability to form precise, episodic memories develops with age, with young children only able to form gist-like memories that lack precision. The cellular and molecular events in the developing hippocampus that underlie the emergence of precise, episodic-like memory are unclear. In mice, the absence of a competitive neuronal engram allocation process in the immature hippocampus precluded the formation of sparse engrams and precise memories until the fourth postnatal week, when inhibitory circuits in the hippocampus mature. This age-dependent shift in precision of episodic-like memories involved the functional maturation of parvalbumin-expressing interneurons in subfield CA1 through assembly of extracellular perineuronal nets, which is necessary and sufficient for the onset of competitive neuronal allocation, sparse engram formation, and memory precision.
Review
Biology
Eleonore Duvelle, Roddy M. Grieves, Matthijs A. A. Van der Meer
Summary: The hippocampus is crucial for encoding, organizing, and using structured representations to plan for the future. This review focuses on examining the role of 'splitter cells' in understanding hippocampal function and proposes two major theoretical ideas about temporal context and state inference. The findings support both theories but also highlight the need for further research to refine our understanding of hippocampal function.
Article
Neurosciences
James B. Priestley, John C. Bowler, Sebi Rolotti, Stefano Fusi, Attila Losonczy
Summary: Neurons in the hippocampus exhibit selectivity for specific combinations of sensory features, forming representations for episodic memory. During novel experiences, hippocampal "place cells" rapidly adjust to encode visited locations in a sparse manner. The quick encoding is facilitated by behavioral timescale synaptic plasticity, particularly during exploration of a novel context, and decreases with experience.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
James B. Heald, Mate Lengyel, Daniel M. Wolpert
Summary: This article presents a theory of motor learning based on the principle that memory creation, updating, and expression are controlled by a single computation-contextual inference. The theory reveals that adaptation in motor learning can occur through creating and updating memories, as well as changing the expression of existing memories. The theory also predicts new phenomena and confirms them experimentally.
Article
Neurosciences
Steven Poulter, Sang Ah Lee, James Dachtler, Thomas J. Wills, Colin Lever
Summary: The study introduces a new type of neuron, called vector trace cells (VTCs), which generate a new vector field when encountering cues and retain a 'trace' version of that field for hours after the cues are removed. VTCs are concentrated in the subiculum of the hippocampus and support vector coding for objects and boundaries that are no longer present, potentially aiding navigation to remembered goals.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Yun Luo, Chun Cheng, Yuke Li, Changbin Yu
Summary: In decision making, people integrate information from complex social environments, but information flows are constrained by social networks. Social networks are not always static, raising questions about how opinions form on temporal networks and how zealots influence opinion formation. This study investigates two scenarios of opinion formation, finding that the presence of zealots can keep negative opinions alive among the population, and that temporal networks can weaken the effect of zealots compared to static networks. The intensity of this effect depends on the connectivity of the temporal networks.
COMMUNICATIONS IN NONLINEAR SCIENCE AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION
(2021)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Juraj Bevandi, Lisa Genzel, H. Freyja Olafsdottir
Summary: Research on hippocampal circuits indicates that the spatial map encodes new information via pre-existing latent place fields.
Article
Neurosciences
Fabio Stefanini, Lyudmila Kushnir, Jessica C. Jimenez, Joshua H. Jennings, Nicholas Woods, Garret D. Stuber, Mazen A. Kheirbek, Rene Hen, Stefano Fusi
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Juri Minxha, Ralph Adolphs, Stefano Fusi, Adam N. Mamelak, Ueli Rutishauser
Article
Oncology
Danielle R. Heller, Haoran Zhuo, Yawei Zhang, Nisha Parikh, Stefano Fusi, Michael Alperovich, Donald R. Lannin, Susan A. Higgins, Tomer Avraham, Brigid K. Killelea
Summary: The study reviewed flap outcomes in women who underwent simultaneous mastectomy-autologous reconstruction with PMRT, showing that patients who received surgery within 3 months of PMRT had higher rates of complications and reoperations. IMN radiation was associated with increased risk.
ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Silvia Bernardi, Marcus K. Benna, Mattia Rigotti, Jerome Munuera, Stefano Fusi, C. Daniel Salzman
Article
Psychology
Noam Khayat, Stefano Fusi, Shaul Hochstein
Summary: The brain represents similar items as unified percepts at different abstraction levels. Global ensemble perception affects later perceptual judgments regarding individual member items. Observers' representation of ensembles includes the group's central shape, category ancestor, or group mean, and they easily reject memory of shapes belonging to different categories.
ATTENTION PERCEPTION & PSYCHOPHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Chris C. Rodgers, Ramon Nogueira, B. Christina Pil, Esther A. Greeman, Jung M. Park, Y. Kate Hong, Stefan Fusi, Randy M. Bruno
Summary: In a study involving head-fixed mice, it was found that neurons in the sensory cortex encoded touch, whisker motion, and task-related signals with a task-specific focus. During a shape discrimination task, neurons responded most to behaviorally relevant whiskers, indicating that sensory cortex employs task-specific representations compatible with behaviorally relevant computations.
Article
Neurosciences
Laura J. Benoit, Emma S. Holt, Lorenzo Posani, Stefano Fusi, Alexander Z. Harris, Sarah Canetta, Christoph Kellendonk
Summary: The study reveals that inhibiting the thalamus during adolescence can lead to long-lasting changes in prefrontal cortex function and behavior, highlighting the importance of thalamic activity in the maturation of prefrontal circuits. These findings provide insights into the potential mechanisms underlying neurodevelopmental disorders.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
James B. Priestley, John C. Bowler, Sebi Rolotti, Stefano Fusi, Attila Losonczy
Summary: Neurons in the hippocampus exhibit selectivity for specific combinations of sensory features, forming representations for episodic memory. During novel experiences, hippocampal "place cells" rapidly adjust to encode visited locations in a sparse manner. The quick encoding is facilitated by behavioral timescale synaptic plasticity, particularly during exploration of a novel context, and decreases with experience.
Article
Neurosciences
Ramon Nogueira, Chris C. C. Rodgers, Randy M. M. Bruno, Stefano Fusi
Summary: Neurons encode non-linear functions of multiple task variables, but the somatosensory cortex of mice reflects a linear integration of whisker contacts. However, there is a structure in the representational geometry where different whisker contacts are represented as disentangled variables in approximately orthogonal subspaces. This geometry allows linear readouts to perform various tasks without compromising the ability to generalize.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Li Ji-An, Fabio Stefanini, Marcus K. Benna, Stefano Fusi
Summary: Synaptic plasticity is a complex phenomenon involving multiple biochemical processes that operate on different timescales. Complexity can greatly increase limited precision, as shown in simple memory retrieval problems. Our study demonstrates that complex synapses can be utilized to store and recognize a large number of faces. The number of recognizable faces increases linearly with the number of synapses and quadratically with the number of neurons. Complex synapses outperform simple ones, even when the total number of dynamical variables is matched. These findings have potential implications for real-world tasks such as face familiarity detection.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
W. Jeffrey Johnston, Stefano Fusi
Summary: Humans and animals can generalize knowledge across different contexts and objects during natural behavior. This ability arises from abstract representations, observed in recent neurophysiological studies, that emerge through the learning of multiple tasks using neural networks. These abstract representations enable few-sample learning and reliable generalization on novel tasks, and may be pervasive in high-level brain regions. Specific predictions are made about which variables will be represented abstractly.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Dhireesha Kudithipudi, Mario Aguilar-Simon, Jonathan Babb, Maxim Bazhenov, Douglas Blackiston, Josh Bongard, Andrew P. Brna, Suraj Chakravarthi Raja, Nick Cheney, Jeff Clune, Anurag Daram, Stefano Fusi, Peter Helfer, Leslie Kay, Nicholas Ketz, Zsolt Kira, Soheil Kolouri, Jeffrey L. Krichmar, Sam Kriegman, Michael Levin, Sandeep Madireddy, Santosh Manicka, Ali Marjaninejad, Bruce McNaughton, Risto Miikkulainen, Zaneta Navratilova, Tej Pandit, Alice Parker, Praveen K. Pilly, Sebastian Risi, Terrence J. Sejnowski, Andrea Soltoggio, Nicholas Soures, Andreas S. Tolias, Dario Urbina-Melendez, Francisco J. Valero-Cuevas, Gido M. van de Ven, Joshua T. Vogelstein, Felix Wang, Ron Weiss, Angel Yanguas-Gil, Xinyun Zou, Hava Siegelmann
Summary: Biological organisms learn from interactions with their environment, and artificial systems also need the ability to learn throughout their lifetime. This article introduces biological mechanisms and artificial models and mechanisms for lifelong learning, and discusses opportunities to bridge the gap between natural and artificial intelligence.
NATURE MACHINE INTELLIGENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marcus K. Benna, Stefano Fusi
Summary: The study proposes a memory model of the hippocampus, suggesting that the hippocampus is a memory device that compresses correlations between sensory experiences into compressed representations of episodes stored in memory. This model naturally produces place cells similar to those observed in experiments, with predictions that the activity of these cells is variable.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Neurosciences
Laura Benoit, Emma Holt, Lorenzo Posani, Stefano Fusi, Alexander Harris, Sarah Canetta, Christoph Kellendonk
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)