Review
Chemistry, Physical
Abhishek Sasmal, A. Arockiarajan
Summary: In the modern era, flexible electronic devices and magnetoelectric (ME) devices have gained significant attention in the research community due to their potential applications in various fields. While ME devices have been researched for many years, limited review articles have discussed the techniques to develop flexible ME devices and their progress. This article reviews the state-of-the-art development of flexible ME devices, explores the techniques to develop them and improve their performance, and discusses the challenges and future research opportunities.
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Hannah Wunderlich, Kristen L. Kozielski
Summary: Neural implant technology is rapidly advancing and attracting broad interest across various research fields, focusing on new materials and technologies to enhance the effectiveness and durability of neural interventions.
CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Antonio Vasilijevic, Jens Einar Bremnes, Martin Ludvigsen
Summary: This paper introduces the development of a remote marine/subsea operational infrastructure by NTNU's Applied Underwater Robotics Laboratory. It discusses the popularity and advantages of remote experimentation, as well as the development of a virtual experimentation environment. By leveraging remote and virtual experimentation technologies, relevant results can be achieved in a shorter time frame and at a reduced cost.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Cristina Chirizzi, Serena Pellegatta, Alessandro Gori, Jacopo Falco, Emanuele Rubiu, Francesco Acerbi, Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
Summary: This article discusses the treatment challenges of glioblastoma and the limitations of current treatment methods and fluorescent probes. It also highlights the potential to develop next-generation fluorescent tools to improve surgical resection.
BIOENGINEERING & TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Rasmus Amund Henriksen, Lei Zhao, Thorfinn Sand Korneliussen
Summary: This article presents a multithreaded simulator for next-generation sequencing data, which can simulate reads faster than currently available methods and programs. It can simulate reads with platform-specific characteristics based on nucleotide quality score profiles and includes a post-mortem damage model for simulating ancient DNA. The program is implemented in a multithreading framework and is significantly faster than currently available tools, while also offering additional features and output formats.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Antonio Celesti, Ivanoe De Falco, Leandro Pecchia, Giovanna Sannino
Summary: The use of ICT for telehealthcare applications is rapidly increasing in high-income countries, providing various benefits such as improved patient safety and healthcare workflows. Key enabling technologies such as IoT, big data management, Cloud/Edge/Fog computing, AI, and Blockchain have reached advanced maturity in the past decade, revolutionizing the potential for the entire telehealthcare sector.
IEEE JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTH INFORMATICS
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Ilias Soumpasis, Samer Nashef, Joel Dunning, Paul Moran, Mark Slack
Summary: This article presents the first report of data from the Versius Surgical Registry, which collects data from various surgical indications and provides real-world evidence for the clinical implementation of the Versius Robotic Surgical System.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Michael C. McDermott, Thomas Sartoretti, Casper Mihl, Hubertus Pietsch, Hatem Alkadhi, Joachim E. Wildberger
Summary: The third-generation phantom successfully simulates physiologic in vivo conditions with accurate contrast media transport timing, good repeatability, and expected enhancement profiles, presenting new opportunities for expansion of preclinical research in diagnostic imaging.
INVESTIGATIVE RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shailesh Puntambekar, Suyog Bharambe, Swapnil Pawar, Mihir Chitale, Mangesh Panse
Summary: This study reports the first-in-human series of major esophageal resections performed using a next-generation tele-operated robotic surgical system in a single center. The results demonstrate the safe adoption and implementation of robot-assisted transthoracic esophagectomy (TTE), with successful procedures, minimal blood loss, and no adverse events or complications.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Bauer L. LeSavage, Riley A. Suhar, Nicolas Broguiere, Matthias P. Lutolf, Sarah C. Heilshorn
Summary: The translation discusses how organotypic models of patient-specific tumors are changing our understanding of cancer heterogeneity and personalized medicine. These models can preserve genetic, proteomic, morphological, and pharmacotypic features of the parent tumor in vitro, and offer genomic and environmental manipulation. However, current cancer organoid culture techniques are uncontrolled and irreproducible, hindering the acceleration of insights into patient care.
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
John E. Lunn
Summary: The Journal of Experimental Botany has appointed six early career researchers as editorial interns to train the next generation of editors.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Review
Pathology
Hassan Abushukair, Obada Ababneh, Ayah Al-Bzour, Ibrahim Halil Sahin, Anwaar Saeed
Summary: This review discusses the applications of next-generation immunotherapy biomarkers, particularly in the context of GI cancers. It covers various aspects of currently used biomarkers and explores promising research on the next generation of biomarkers, addressing challenges in integrating them into clinical practice and the need for standardized protocols and guidelines.
EXPERT REVIEW OF MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS
(2023)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
A. Mazumder, M. F. Sahed, Z. Tasneem, P. Das, F. R. Badal, M. F. Ali, M. H. Ahamed, S. H. Abhi, S. K. Sarker, S. K. Das, M. M. Hasan, M. M. Islam, M. R. Islam
Summary: With Industry 4.0, advanced technologies like cyber-physical systems, digital twins, IoT, robots, big data, and cloud computation have emerged. Digital twin in robotics is a relatively new fusion with unparalleled possibilities. To advance DT-incorporated robotics research, a comprehensive evaluation of the literature and framework creation is necessary. This study explores the trends, gaps, challenges, and potential solutions in DT-incorporated robotics in high and low research domains, proposing a framework for the future paradigm.
Review
Automation & Control Systems
Jiaqi Zhu, Liangxiong Lyu, Yi Xu, Huageng Liang, Xiaoping Zhang, Han Ding, Zhigang Wu
Summary: Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) is one of the most rapidly developing areas in modern surgery, with soft robotics offering better adaptability and safer interaction. The intelligent development of next-generation soft surgical robots holds great promise in addressing current technical challenges in MIS and providing a propitious solution for future surgery.
ADVANCED INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Biochemical Research Methods
Rita Strack
Summary: A new expansion microscopy technique called Magnify utilizes a mechanically robust gel to both immobilize and enlarge various biological samples for super-resolution imaging.
Article
Surgery
Sam E. Mason, Eftychios Manoli, James L. Alexander, Liam Poynter, Lauren Ford, Petra Paizs, Afeez Adebesin, James S. McKenzie, Francesca Rosini, Rob Goldin, Ara Darzi, Zoltan Takats, James M. Kinross
Summary: This study used REIMS to analyze the lipid composition of colorectal tissues and evaluate its accuracy for real-time tissue recognition and risk stratification. The results showed that REIMS can differentiate samples of carcinoma, adenoma, and normal mucosa with 93.1% accuracy and 96.1% negative predictive value for carcinoma. It can also predict the presence of neoplasia (carcinoma or adenoma) with 96.0% accuracy and 91.8% negative predictive value. In addition, the study identified unique lipidomic features associated with colorectal carcinogenesis, such as the progressive increase in relative abundance of phosphatidylglycerols, sphingomyelins, and monounsaturated fatty acid-containing phospholipids.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Despoina Chrysostomou, Lauren A. Roberts, Julian R. Marchesi, James M. Kinross
Summary: Accumulating evidence supports the important role of the gut microbiome in cancer development and progression, as well as its influence on the efficacy and toxicity of cancer treatments. The microbiome is now being utilized to develop personalized therapeutic approaches in cancer treatment. However, the development of a new model that incorporates gut microbial cometabolism of drugs is necessary for the successful translation of the microbiome into next-generation oncologic treatments. The objective of this review is to outline the current knowledge of oncologic pharmacomicrobiomics and propose innovative approaches to modulate the gut microbiome for improved therapy efficacy and reduced toxic effects.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Heidi Paine, Faye Jones, James Kinross
Summary: The bowel preparation before radical surgery is crucial for colorectal practice. However, the evidence for this intervention is inconsistent and of varied quality. Nevertheless, there is a global trend towards using oral antibiotics to reduce perioperative infective complications. The gut microbiome plays a vital role in the systemic inflammatory response, wound healing, and perioperative gut function, but the mechanisms through which bowel preparation and surgery affect the microbiome are still unclear.
CLINICS IN COLON AND RECTAL SURGERY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Florine H. Zwezerijnen-Jiwa, Hugo Sivov, Petra Paizs, Konstantina Zafeiropoulou, James Kinross
Summary: Increasing evidence suggests that the gut microbiome may play a role in colorectal cancer development and can be used as a biomarker for early detection. This review provides an overview of published studies on the use of the microbiome as a screening tool for early colorectal cancer. A total of 28 studies were included, showing varying diagnostic performance of fecal bacteria-derived and co-metabolome-derived biomarkers. The findings suggest the potential of the gut microbiome as a complement to existing screening tools, but further research is needed before clinical implementation.
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
James M. Kinross
Article
Education & Educational Research
Payal Guha, Jason Lawson, Iona Minty, James Kinross, Guy Martin
Summary: This study aimed to assess the feasibility of using Microsoft HoloLens 2 (HL2) as a tool for enhancing technical surgical skills training. A prospective feasibility study was conducted, with 36 novice medical students being trained using either a mixed reality HL2 tutorial or a standard video-based tutorial. The results showed that the HL2 group had significantly greater improvement in overall technical proficiency and a narrower range of scores, indicating better skill progression and consistency compared to the video group. Participant feedback also indicated higher satisfaction with the interactive and engaging nature of the HL2 technology.
BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
James L. Alexander, Joram M. Posma, Alasdair Scott, Liam Poynter, Sam E. Mason, M. Luisa Doria, Lili Herendi, Lauren Roberts, Julie A. K. McDonald, Simon Cameron, David J. Hughes, Vaclav Liska, Simona Susova, Pavel Soucek, Verena Horneffer-van Der Sluis, Maria Gomez-Romero, Matthew R. Lewis, Lesley Hoyles, Andrew Woolston, David Cunningham, Ara Darzi, Marco Gerlinger, Robert Goldin, Zoltan Takats, Julian R. Marchesi, Julian Teare, James Kinross
Summary: This study investigates the association between gut microbiota, metabolome, and colorectal cancer (CRC). The authors identify specific microbiota clusters, such as cluster 7 containing Fusobacterium nucleatum and Granulicatella adiacens, that are strongly associated with CRC and can predict favorable disease-free survival. They also find that cluster 1 containing Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Ruminococcus gnavus is negatively associated with cancer and predicts worse disease-free survival. In addition, certain metabolic clusters show associations with CRC, such as Met 1 composed of fatty acids, ceramides, and lysophospholipids, which is negatively associated with CRC, and Met 2 composed of phosphatidylcholine species, nucleosides, and amino acids, which is strongly associated with CRC.
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Ashlyn A. Stackhouse, Damir Rafi, Risheka Walls, Rebecca Dodd, Kerry Badger, Daniel J. Davies, Celia A. Brown, Adrian Cowell, Karim Meeran, Omid Halse, James Kinross, Martin Lupton, Elizabeth A. Hughes, Amir H. Sam
Summary: This study compared knowledge attainment and student enjoyment and engagement between clinical case vignette, patient-testimony videos and mixed reality (MR) teaching via the Microsoft HoloLens 2. The results showed that MR teaching is an effective and feasible method for large-scale clinical medicine education, but students preferred case-based tutorials.
ADVANCES IN MEDICAL EDUCATION AND PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jason Lawson, Guy Martin, Payal Guha, Matthew Gold, Amr Nimer, Sadie Syed, James Kinross
Summary: This study aimed to assess the efficacy and feasibility of MR technology in enhancing emergency care delivery in a simulated environment. The results showed that MR technology significantly reduced errors, improved teamwork, and enhanced practitioner confidence.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Johan Vande Voorde, Rory T. Steven, Arafath K. Najumudeen, Catriona A. Ford, Alex Dexter, Ariadna Gonzalez-Fernandez, Chelsea J. Nikula, Yuchen Xiang, Lauren Ford, Stefania Maneta Stavrakaki, Kathryn Gilroy, Lucas B. Zeiger, Kathryn Pennel, Phimmada Hatthakarnkul, Efstathios A. Elia, Ammar Nasif, Teresa Murta, Eftychios Manoli, Sam Mason, Michael Gillespie, Tamsin R. M. Lannagan, Nikola Vlahov, Rachel A. Ridgway, Colin Nixon, Alexander Raven, Megan Mills, Dimitris Athineos, Georgios Kanellos, Craig Nourse, David M. Gay, Mark Hughes, Amy Burton, Bin Yan, Katherine Sellers, Vincen Wu, Kobe De Ridder, Engy Shokry, Alejandro Huerta Uribe, William Clark, Graeme Clark, Kristina Kirschner, Bernard Thienpont, Vivian S. W. Li, Oliver D. K. Maddocks, Simon T. Barry, Richard J. A. Goodwin, James Kinross, Joanne Edwards, Mariia O. Yuneva, David Sumpton, Zoltan Takats, Andrew D. Campbell, Josephine Bunch, Owen J. Sansom
Summary: In this study, the potential of untargeted metabolomics as a stratification tool for colorectal cancer (CRC) was investigated. The researchers presented a comprehensive pipeline to uncover metabolic vulnerabilities in CRC based on its genetic origin. Perturbations in methionine metabolism linked to APC deficiency were observed, and adenosylhomocysteinase was identified as an actionable therapeutic target.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Opeyemi Atanda, Jonathan West, Tom Stables, Chris Johnson, Robert Merrifield, James Kinross
Summary: This systematic review examines the accuracy of infusion sets and devices and identifies factors that affect flow rate accuracy. The study finds significant variability in the accuracy of infusion devices and highlights the impact of physiological and mechanical factors. However, there is a lack of research on the clinical outcomes and patient safety implications of these findings.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN DRUG SAFETY
(2023)
Correction
Surgery
[Anonymous]
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Primary Health Care
James Lewis, Alan Askari, Arihant Mehta, Yasmin Razak, Prash Patel, Ravi Misra, Henry Tilney, Tanveer Ahmed, Mooyad Ahmed, Adnan Syeed, John Camilleri-Brennan, Ralph John Nicholls, James Macalister Kinross
Summary: This study evaluated the feasibility, acceptability, and safety of digital rectoscopy in primary care. The results showed that it is a feasible and acceptable method, with no serious adverse events reported. It also demonstrated the potential to reduce referrals and save costs.
Article
Oncology
Benjamin R. Challoner, Andrew Woolston, David Lau, Marta Buzzetti, Caroline Fong, Louise J. Barber, Gayathri Anandappa, Richard Crux, Ioannis Assiotis, Kerry Fenwick, Ruwaida Begum, Dipa Begum, Tom Lund, Nanna Sivamanoharan, Harold B. Sansano, Melissa Domingo-Arada, Amina Tran, Hardev Pandha, David Church, Bryony Eccles, Richard Ellis, Stephen Falk, Mark Hill, Daniel Krell, Nirupa Murugaesu, Luke Nolan, Vanessa Potter, Mark Saunders, Kai-Keen Shiu, Sebastian Guettler, James L. Alexander, Hector Lazare-Iglesias, James Kinross, Jamie Murphy, Katharina von Loga, David Cunningham, Ian Chau, Naureen Starling, Juan Ruiz-Banobre, Tony Dhillon, Marco Gerlinger
Summary: MMRd CRCs have high mutation burdens and pervasive ITH, but driver mutations show a clear hierarchy. Immune evasion (IE) drivers are mainly subclonal and show parallel evolution. IE drivers and T cell infiltrates coevolve. PD-L1 expression correlates with T cell density but is associated with loss of CDX2 expression, leading to a higher recurrence risk in MMRd CRCs.
JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Kyle Lam, Frank P-W Lo, Yujian An, Ara Darzi, James M. Kinross, Sanjay Purkayastha, Benny Lo
Summary: Surgical performance directly affects patient outcomes, but current assessment methods have limitations. This study proposes an automatic approach to assess surgical performance through instrument tracking in endoscopic videos. The approach accurately detects instrument spatial positions and evaluates surgical performance through instrument trajectory maps and related metrics.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL ROBOTICS AND BIONICS
(2022)