Article
Engineering, Geological
Suk Woo Kim, Kun Woo Chun, Minseok Kim, Filippo Catani, Byoungkoo Choi, Jung Il Seo
Summary: The study analyzed rainfall data for 613 shallow landslides in South Korea from 1963 to 2018 to determine rainfall thresholds and investigate the influence of antecedent rainfall. The results suggest that the southern region of the Korean Peninsula is more susceptible to rainfall-induced landslides, and the effect of antecedent rainfall conditions should be further tested considering regional climate and local site conditions for a better understanding of landslide occurrence.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Pierpaolo Distefano, David J. Peres, Luca Piciullo, Nunziarita Palazzolo, Pietro Scandura, Antonino Cancelliere
Summary: Landslide prediction plays a crucial role in early warning systems, and this study develops artificial neural networks (ANNs) using soil moisture data and precipitation to identify landslide triggering conditions. Two case studies are conducted in Sicily, Italy and Bergen area, Norway, to test the proposed approach under different climatic and geomorphological conditions. The results demonstrate that using soil moisture data in addition to precipitation can significantly improve landslide prediction accuracy.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Francesco Fusco, Massimiliano Bordoni, Rita Tufano, Valerio Vivaldi, Claudia Meisina, Roberto Valentino, Marco Bittelli, Pantaleone De Vita
Summary: This study presents a method for estimating rainfall thresholds for shallow landslides in different geomorphological environments using coupled soil hydrological monitoring and physics-based modeling. The results show that geotechnical and hydrological properties of soil coverings are crucial factors controlling the hydrological processes leading to landslide initiation. The characteristics of the soil coverings also influence the slope hydrological response at different time scales, making antecedent soil hydrological conditions an important factor for estimating landslide rainfall thresholds. The proposed approaches can be used to assess the hazard of shallow rainfall-induced landslides and implement early-warning systems at site-specific or larger scales.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Muhammet Durmaz, Marcel Hurlimann, Nejan Huvaj, Vicente Medina
Summary: This study compared two different hydrological models (FSLAM and TRIGRS) and two slope stability calculation methods (infinite slope and SCOOPS3D) and found that SCOOPS3D outperformed the infinite slope analysis. However, the accuracy of SCOOPS3D decreased for landslides with a high ratio of length/depth and width/depth. The comparison of hydrological models showed that FSLAM yielded more plausible results than TRIGRS. The study also highlighted the significant influence of landslide morphology and Digital Elevation Model resolution on the performance of physically-based stability models.
ENGINEERING GEOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Ascanio Rosi, Samuele Segoni, Vanessa Canavesi, Antonio Monni, Angela Gallucci, Nicola Casagli
Summary: This study examines the definition and effectiveness of 3D rainfall thresholds in a region in Northern Italy, presenting a new approach to warning systems that can significantly reduce false alarms by considering factors such as average rainfall amount in each alert zone. The results suggest promising perspectives for the development of regional warning systems.
Article
Engineering, Geological
G. La Porta, A. Leonardi, M. Pirulli, F. Cafaro, F. Castelli
Summary: Rainfall-induced shallow landslides often transform into flows, posing a severe hazard to infrastructure and human lives in mountainous areas worldwide. Back-analysis of previous events can inform risk assessment and the design of mitigation measures. However, conventional back-analysis exercises do not account for the occurrence of flows in sequences or surges, leading to potential inaccuracies in hazard assessment. In this paper, a novel time-resolving procedure is proposed to address this issue, which discretizes the event and tracks the post-failure behavior of each surge separately. The results of two case studies demonstrate that the time-resolving procedure can significantly impact the runout path, flooded area, and flow heights, highlighting the need for a review of historical cases and reassessment of current practices.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rilang Deng, Huifen Liu, Xianchang Zheng, Qinghua Zhang, Wei Liu, Lingwei Chen
Summary: This study proposes empirical rainfall thresholds for predicting rainfall-triggered shallow landslides in Guangzhou city, a region prone to geological hazards during the flood season. The thresholds are based on quantile regression methods and were obtained for different lithological units at different probability levels. The introduction of a three-dimensional spatial threshold incorporating cumulative rainfall and rainfall duration effectively filters out non-triggering rain events, reducing false alarm rates.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Omar F. Al-Thuwaynee, Massimo Melillo, Stefano Luigi Gariano, Hyuck Jin Park, Sang -Wan Kim, Luigi Lombardo, Paulo Hader, Meriame Mohajane, Renata Pacheco Quevedo, Filippo Catani, Ali Aydda
Summary: Several studies have found that existing empirical rainfall thresholds for landslide occurrence do not consider the morphological and hydrological conditions of the areas. Therefore, a software tool called DEWS is introduced for selecting representative rain gauges, which is a crucial step in defining empirical rainfall threshold models. DEWS employs four filters and requires three data inputs, and its reliability has been tested in South Korea.
ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Studies
Spyridon Lainas, Nikolaos Depountis, Nikolaos Sabatakakis
Summary: A new methodology for forecasting shallow landslides in wildfire burned areas is proposed by estimating the annual probability of rainfall threshold exceedance based on geological fieldwork and statistical analyses. The study concludes that the annual exceedance probability of rainfall-induced landslides in burned areas is higher when cumulative rainfall duration ranges from 6 to 9 days, with local differences due to geological conditions and landscape characteristics.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Judith Uwihirwe, Alessia Riveros, Hellen Wanjala, Jaap Schellekens, Frederiek Sperna Weiland, Markus Hrachowitz, Thom A. Bogaard
Summary: Satellite and hydrological model-based technologies are valuable for developing landslide early warning systems in data-scarce regions. Statistical metrics were used to compare gauge-based and satellite-based precipitation products in Rwanda, showing high skill in reproducing precipitation patterns and soil moisture observations. Hydro-meteorological threshold models incorporating antecedent soil moisture and rainfall data demonstrate promising results in improving landslide warning capabilities.
NATURAL HAZARDS AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Qiang Liu, Yuting Yang, Liqiao Liang, He Jun, Denghua Yan, Xuan Wang, Chunhui Li, Tao Sun
Summary: The propagation thresholds that trigger a transition between meteorological drought and hydrological drought in the Yellow River Basin, China were assessed. The results showed that response time varied according to drought duration and watershed characteristics. When meteorological and hydrological drought events were combined, severity and duration increased, and the effects were amplified. Shorter response times were observed in certain watersheds and were correlated with lower Tr values. Higher propagation thresholds for drought characteristics had greater effects on hydrological drought events. These findings provide valuable insights for water resource planning and management to mitigate future climate change effects.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Won Young Lee, Seon Ki Park, Hyo Hyun Sung
Summary: This study established criteria for a landslide early warning system (LEWS) using a Bayesian model and optimal thresholds for cumulative event rainfall-duration (ED), improving landslide monitoring and warning efficiency.
Article
Geography, Physical
Faming Huang, Jiawu Chen, Weiping Liu, Jinsong Huang, Haoyuan Hong, Wei Chen
Summary: This study focuses on the rainfall-induced landslide hazard, using machine learning models to predict landslide susceptibility and proposing different critical rainfall threshold methods. The coupling of susceptibility maps and critical rainfall threshold values effectively predicts the rainfall-induced landslide hazards.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tsai-Tsung Tsai, Yuan-Jung Tsai, Chjeng-Lun Shieh, John Hsiao-Chung Wang
Summary: Typhoon Morakot had a serious impact on Taiwan, especially in terms of large-scale landslides (LSL). This study aimed to establish a specific relationship between LSL and triggering rainfall for future early warning predictions. By collecting various data, including satellite imagery, field investigation data, major event reports, and seismic data, the study analyzed rainfall/landslide depth and friction angle/slope through linear and non-linear regression analysis. The results showed that the non-linear regression analysis had a better correlation trend and could provide more conservative indicators for early warning management. Incorporating real-time rainfall forecasts, the study suggested that these indicators could be used to guide evacuation operations and improve response time.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Ji-Sung Lee, Ananta Man Singh Pradhan, Chang-Ho Song, Yun-Tae Kim
Summary: This study investigates the relationships between rainfall, shallow landslide likelihood, and lithological control in South Korea, and proposes a four-level warning system to predict and reduce the risk of landslides.
STOCHASTIC ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND RISK ASSESSMENT
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Pasquale Marino, Xuanmei Fan, Roberto Greco, Srikrishnan Siva Subramanian
Summary: After the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, the frequency of rainfall-induced debris flows initially increased and then gradually reduced in the earthquake-hit region in Sichuan, China. Empirical thresholds based on precipitation characteristics and hydrologic conditions have been identified to predict post-seismic debris flow occurrences. The assessment of water balance at the catchment scale using a simplified hydrological model highlights the importance of hydrological processes in determining reliable and robust thresholds for early warning of debris flows.
Article
Water Resources
Yuchen Tang, Fengbo Zhang, Thom Bogaard, Claire Chassagne, Zeeshan Ali, Sulalit Bandyopadhyay, Jan Willem Foppen
Summary: A potentially new particle tracer, SiDNAFe, was investigated for its settling and aggregation behavior in river waters. The settling process showed a rapid phase followed by a slow phase, indicating that homo-aggregation played a major role. The results provide important insights for modeling SiDNAFe transport in river injection experiments.
HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tagele Mossie Aschale, David J. Peres, Aurora Gullotta, Guido Sciuto, Antonino Cancelliere
Summary: Investigating the trends and sensitivity of reference evapotranspiration (ETo) to meteorological variables is important for water resource management and climate variability analysis. This study analyzed a 17-year dataset from a Mediterranean climate region and found a downward trend in ETo in November, as well as downward trends in solar radiation and rainfall during autumn. Other meteorological variables showed an upward trend, with specific humidity and wind speed having the highest and lowest contribution to ETo trends, respectively.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Pasquale Marino, Daniel Camilo Roman Quintero, Giovanni Francesco Santonastaso, Roberto Greco
Summary: Steep slopes in Campania, Southern Italy, covered by loose pyroclastic deposits, are prone to landslides and debris flows due to heavy rainfall. The slope of Cervinara experienced a destructive flowslide in December 1999 triggered by intense rain. Hydrometeorological monitoring has been conducted since 2017 to study the water balance and hydrological processes involving the cover and shallow groundwater system. A low-cost network using capacitive sensors and IoT technology has been tested to expand hydrological data collection for early warning systems in landslide-prone areas.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Roberto Greco, Pasquale Marino, Thom A. Bogaard
Summary: The occurrence of rainfall-induced landslides is increasing worldwide due to land use and climate changes. While hydrological processes have been marginally considered in landslide research, there have been significant advancements in understanding the role of hydrology in landslide initiation and prediction.
WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-WATER
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yi Luo, Jiaming Zhang, Zhi Zhou, Juan P. Aguilar-Lopez, Roberto Greco, Thom Bogaard
Summary: This work presents an experimental and numerical study of preferential flow induced by desiccation cracks (PF-DC) considering the dynamic changes of cracks. Experimental results showed that the maximum crack ratio and aperture decreased with higher evaporation intensity, and self-closure phenomenon of cracks was observed during low-evaporation periods. Simulation results showed that the dynamic dual-permeability preferential flow model (DPMDy) better described crack evolution and hydrological response compared to the single-domain model (SDM) and rigid dual-permeability model (DPM) with fixed crack ratio and hydraulic conductivity.
HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Nunziarita Palazzolo, David J. J. Peres, Enrico Creaco, Antonino Cancelliere
Summary: For landslide early warning systems, using two-dimensional hydrometeorological thresholds based on multi-layered soil moisture information is a new and more accurate approach. The use of PCA and a piecewise linear equation allows for more precise determination of the threshold's shape, leading to higher accuracy in landslide triggering prediction. Test results in the Sicily region show that the proposed hydrometeorological thresholds outperform traditional rainfall-based thresholds in terms of true skill statistic (TSS).
NATURAL HAZARDS AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Bahareh Kianfar, S. Majid Hassanizadeh, Ahmed Abdelrady, Thom Bogaard, Jan Willem Foppen
Summary: Interactions between natural organic matter (NOM) and colloids in terrestrial environments have a significant impact on the transport behavior and ecotoxicity of the colloids. This study investigated the transport and release of a DNA-tagged synthetic colloid as a surrogate for natural colloids in sand columns. The results showed that the deposition rate of the colloid was inversely proportional to the NOM concentration and significantly increased under low ionic strength conditions. Moreover, the DLVO theory underestimated the colloid deposition in the presence of CaCl2. Flushing the columns with Milli-Q water induced colloid remobilization, leading to a secondary peak in the breakthrough curves. Our work highlights the complex interplay between water quality and the deposition and release of colloidal matter in saturated porous media.
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Judith Uwihirwe, Alessia Riveros, Hellen Wanjala, Jaap Schellekens, Frederiek Sperna Weiland, Markus Hrachowitz, Thom A. Bogaard
Summary: Satellite and hydrological model-based technologies are valuable for developing landslide early warning systems in data-scarce regions. Statistical metrics were used to compare gauge-based and satellite-based precipitation products in Rwanda, showing high skill in reproducing precipitation patterns and soil moisture observations. Hydro-meteorological threshold models incorporating antecedent soil moisture and rainfall data demonstrate promising results in improving landslide warning capabilities.
NATURAL HAZARDS AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jan Pfeiffer, Thomas Zieher, Jan Schmieder, Thom Bogaard, Martin Rutzinger, Christoph Spoetl
Summary: This study introduces a new approach for spatial assessment of probable recharge areas using stable isotope monitoring and a digital elevation model (DEM) to better understand a slope's hydrogeological system. Results from the Vogelsberg landslide in Austria show that shallow groundwater emerges at springs between 1000 and 1650 meters above sea level, while groundwater encountered in wells up to 49 meters below the landslide surface indicates a mean recharge elevation of up to 2200 meters above sea level.
NATURAL HAZARDS AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Remote Sensing
A. L. van Natijne, T. A. Bogaard, F. J. van Leijen, R. F. Hanssen, R. C. Lindenbergh
Summary: Landslides are major geohazards in hilly and mountainous areas. In-situ inspection of downslope motion is costly and sometimes dangerous. Remote sensing using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) is a valuable method for systematically detecting and characterizing landslides on a large scale. This study presents a generic approach to assess the potential of InSAR-based deformation tracking, providing a standardized and automated method applicable to any slope. The researchers demonstrate that deformation can be detected on at least 91% of global landslide-prone slopes and provide a Google Earth Engine tool for assessing the availability of potential coherent scatterers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION
(2022)