Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Rachel J. Keith, Rochelle H. Holm, Alok R. Amraotkar, Megan M. Bezold, Michael Brick, Adrienne M. Bushau-Sprinkle, Krystal T. Hamorsky, Kathleen T. Kitterman, Kenneth E. Palmer, Ted Smith, Ray Yeager, Aruni Bhatnagar
Summary: This study evaluated the community-wide prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Jefferson County, Kentucky using stratified simple random sampling. The results showed that both randomized and volunteer samples produced similar prevalence estimates, which were higher than the administratively reported rates. This suggests that targeted sampling for SARS-CoV-2 provides better estimates of prevalence than administrative reports based on incident disease.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Fengxue Zhu, Xiujuan Zhao, Tianbing Wang, Zhenzhou Wang, Fuzheng Guo, Haiyan Xue, Panpan Chang, Hansheng Liang, Wentao Ni, Yaxin Wang, Lei Chen, Baoguo Jiang
Summary: The study found that lung ultrasound (LUS) imaging can help assess the severity of COVID-19 pneumonia in patients. By examining the correlations between LUS score, ROX index, and CURB-65 score, it was observed that the LUS score is related to the severity of COVID-19 pneumonia.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wei Liu, Dongming Wang, Shuiqiong Hua, Cong Xie, Bin Wang, Weihong Qiu, Tao Xu, Zi Ye, Linling Yu, Meng Yang, Yang Xiao, Xiaobing Feng, Tingming Shi, Mingyan Li, Weihong Chen
Summary: Studies have shown that effective public health measures, such as restricting traffic, centralized quarantine, and strict stay-at-home policies, can lead to a decrease in the effective reproduction number (Rt) and COVID-19 related indicators. Analysis at the street level in Wuhan revealed that population density and the number of hospitals were associated with the number of COVID-19 cases. The epidemic situation in Wuhan showed obvious global and local spatial aggregations, with high population density and a larger number of hospitals contributing to these aggregations.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ting Ding, Tian Wang, Jinjin Zhang, Pengfei Cui, Zhe Chen, Su Zhou, Suzhen Yuan, Wenqing Ma, Minli Zhang, Yueguang Rong, Jiang Chang, Xiaoping Miao, Xiangyi Ma, Shixuan Wang
Summary: The study revealed that COVID-19 may impact ovarian function in reproductive-aged women, leading to ovarian injury and reproductive endocrine disorders. Extra attention should be paid to the ovarian function of this population during the pandemic.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hang Liu, Qian Yao, Di Li, Zhiming Zhao, Yan Li
Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, cervical cancer screening visits and HPV infection rates experienced a significant decrease. Lockdown measures effectively reduced HPV transmission rates. Though HPV infection rates quickly recovered after the pandemic, they remained slightly lower than pre-outbreak levels. Strengthening HPV and cervical cancer screening programs is crucial for reducing HPV transmission during and after the pandemic.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Wenzhen Li, Zhiya Zhao, Zhenlong Chen, Guilin Yi, Zuxun Lu, Dongming Wang
Summary: The study revealed that more than a quarter of workers in the automobile manufacturing industry in Wuhan suffered from high frequency hearing loss, while 6.41% experienced speech frequency hearing loss. Factors such as diabetes, smoking, temporary tinnitus, and sudden change in hearing were associated with a higher prevalence of hearing loss among workers.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chen Jiaxin, Hu Hui, Wang Feifei, Zhang Mi, Zhou Ting, Yuan Shicheng, Bai Ruoqiao, Chen Nan, Xu Ke, Huang Hao
Summary: The study analyzed air quality characteristics during the COVID-19 lockdown in Wuhan in 2020, finding a significant improvement compared to 2019, mainly attributed to strict lockdown measures rather than meteorological factors.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Songjie Wu, Fangzhao Ming, Zhongyuan Xing, Zhiyue Zhang, Shanhui Zhu, Wei Guo, Shi Zou, Jinli Liu, Yang Liu, Ke Liang
Summary: The study found that people living with HIV had lower willingness for COVID-19 vaccination compared to the general population. Factors associated with higher willingness included having comorbidities, concern about the severity of infection, and belief that their antiretroviral therapy would be affected. Conversely, those with higher monthly income and non-homosexual individuals had lower willingness for vaccination. Targeted interventions such as health education are needed to increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake among people living with HIV.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Sun Shanlei, Zhou Decheng, Chen Haishan, Li Jinjian, Ren Yongjian, Liao Hong, Liu Yibo
Summary: The COVID-19 lockdown in Wuhan in early 2020 led to a reduction in human activities, which in turn altered the urban heat island effect. The study compared the intensity of the heat island effect during different stages of the epidemic period with the baseline period. It found that the heat island effect decreased during the epidemic period, with the largest decrease observed during the strictest lockdown period. This study provides important observational evidence of human-induced control on urban climate.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Mang Shi, Su Zhao, Bin Yu, Wei-Chen Wu, Yi Hu, Jun-Hua Tian, Wen Yin, Fang Ni, Hong-Ling Hu, Shuang C. Geng, Li Tan, Ying E. Peng, Zhi-Gang Song, Wen E. Wang, Yan-Mei Chen, Edward E. Holmes, Yong-Zhen Zhang
Summary: This study analyzed bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples from 408 patients with pneumonia and acute respiratory infections in a hospital in Wuhan between 2016 and 2017, and identified 35 pathogen species, including 13 RNA viruses, 3 DNA viruses, 16 bacteria, and 3 fungi. However, no evidence of SARS-CoV-2 was found. This research provides a comprehensive overview of pathogens associated with respiratory infections and pneumonia and reveals their transmission history and diversity.
Article
Psychiatry
Hong-Wei Sheng, Hong-Gang Wang, Chun-Zhi Wang, Jiang Wu, Li-Jian Huo, Ruo-Xi Wang, Yong-Jie Zhou, Xiang-Yang Zhang
Summary: This study aimed to assess the prevalence and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 among inpatients with schizophrenia (SCZ), and found that smoking and clozapine treatment were two unexpected protective factors for COVID-19.
WORLD JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Chong You, Xin Gai, Yuan Zhang, Xiaohua Zhou
Summary: The study indicates that the size of the COVID-19 pandemic is greatly underestimated and many cases are highly covert, emphasizing the necessity of continuously enforcing strict measures to contain the spread of the pandemic.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yang Bai, Liang Wen, Yulong Zhao, Jianan Li, Chen Guo, Xiaobin Zhang, Jiaming Yang, Yushu Dong, Litian Ma, Guobiao Liang, Yun Kou, Enxin Wang
Summary: Information about COVID-19 patients with pre-existing COPD is limited. This study aimed to describe the clinical course and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with COPD. The study found that patients with COPD were more likely to experience dyspnea, respiratory failure, and poor clinical outcomes compared to age- and sex-matched patients without COPD. However, laboratory tests did not show more severe infection or inflammation in COPD patients.
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Sahibzada Waseem Ahmad, Muhammad Sarwar, Gul Rahmat, Kamal Shah, Hijaz Ahmad, Abd Allah A. Mousa
Summary: This paper presents a mathematical modeling of five different classes for COVID-19 using the fractional arbitrary order derivative in Atangana-Baleanu sense. Nonlinear analysis is used to study the existence theory of the suggested model. The modified Adam-Bashforth method is employed for the numerical approximation of the model. The simulation results for 100 days demonstrate the excellence of the proposed model.
FRACTALS-COMPLEX GEOMETRY PATTERNS AND SCALING IN NATURE AND SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Adam J. Kucharski, Kiyojiken Chung, Maite Aubry, Iotefa Teiti, Anita Teissier, Vaea Richard, Timothy W. Russell, Raphaelle Bos, Sophie Olivier, Van-Mai Cao-Lormeau, Philippa C. Dodd
Summary: The study shows that analyzing COVID-19 testing data from international arrivals can provide insights into the prevalence of the virus in different countries, and this method can serve as a scalable and accurate indicator of global infections during future pandemics.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Elena Sulleiro, Fernando Salvador, Pablo Martinez de Salazar, Aroa Silgado, Nuria Serre-Delcor, Ines Oliveira, Zaira Moure, Adrian Sanchez-Montalva, Maria Luisa Aznar, Lidia Goterris, Israel Molina, Tomas Pumarola
ENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS Y MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tigist F. Menkir, Taylor Chin, James A. Hay, Erik D. Surface, Pablo M. De Salazar, Caroline O. Buckee, Alexander Watts, Kamran Khan, Ryan Sherbo, Ada W. C. Yan, Michael J. Mina, Marc Lipsitch, Rene Niehus
Summary: This study estimates case importations from 18 Chinese cities to 43 international destinations, including 26 in Africa, by combining daily COVID-19 prevalence and flight passenger volume. It finds that while global case importations from China in early January primarily came from Wuhan, the source shifted to other cities in mid-February, especially for importations to African destinations.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Katelyn M. Gostic, Lauren McGough, Edward B. Baskerville, Sam Abbott, Keya Joshi, Christine Tedijanto, Rebecca Kahn, Rene Niehus, James A. Hay, Pablo M. De Salazar, Joel Hellewell, Sophie Meakin, James D. Munday, Nikos Bosse, Katharine Sherrat, Robin N. Thompson, Laura F. White, Jana S. Huisman, Jeremie Scire, Sebastian Bonhoeffer, Tanja Stadler, Jacco Wallinga, Sebastian Funk, Marc Lipsitch, Sarah Cobey
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nishant Kishore, Rebecca Kahn, Pamela P. Martinez, Pablo M. De Salazar, Ayesha S. Mahmud, Caroline O. Buckee
Summary: During the pandemic, lockdown measures can affect human mobility patterns. Prior to the implementation of lockdowns, there was an increase in both local and long distance movement in multiple locations globally, as well as urban-to-rural migration.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Parasitology
Niamh Murphy, M. Victoria Cardinal, Tapan Bhattacharyya, Gustavo F. Enriquez, Natalia P. Macchiaverna, Alejandra Alvedro, Hector Freilij, Pablo Martinez de Salazar, Israel Molina, Pascal Mertens, Quentin Gilleman, Ricardo E. Gurtler, Michael A. Miles
Summary: Chagas disease remains a major public health issue in Latin America, with limited chemotherapy options and no definitive markers of cure. Research suggests that a significant decline in IgG1 antibody levels post-treatment may indicate successful cure, while sustained or elevated IgG1 levels could be a sign of treatment failure. Although not suitable for diagnostic purposes due to limited sensitivity, IgG1 holds promise as a potential biomarker of cure with further development.
PARASITES & VECTORS
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Tigist F. Menkir, Horace Cox, Canelle Poirier, Melanie Saul, Sharon Jones-Weekes, Collette Clementson, Pablo M. de Salazar, Mauricio Santillana, Caroline O. Buckee
Summary: Time lags in reporting to national surveillance systems are a major obstacle for controlling infectious diseases like malaria, particularly in rural and remote areas. In Guyana, connectivity issues among remote malaria-endemic regions hinder surveillance efforts. The study developed nowcasting methods using historical reporting delay patterns to estimate unreported monthly malaria cases, showing up to two-fold improvements in accuracy compared to known cases. This approach provides a simple and adaptable tool to enhance malaria surveillance and guide resource allocation and elimination efforts.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Pablo M. De Salazar, Fred Lu, James A. Hay, Diana Gomez-Barroso, Pablo Fernandez-Navarro, Elena Martinez, Jenaro Astray-Mochales, Rocio Amillategui, Ana Garcia-Fulgueiras, Maria D. Chirlaque, Alonso Sanchez-Migallon, Amparo Larrauri, Maria J. Sierra, Marc Lipsitch, Fernando Simon, Mauricio Santillana, Miguel A. Hernan
Summary: When responding to infectious disease outbreaks, it is crucial to rapidly and accurately estimate the epidemic trajectory. This study proposes an approach to construct epidemic curves in near real time by addressing data collection problems and adjusting for right censoring. The approach allows for the estimation of the time-varying reproduction number (R-t) in real time. The framework is applied to the early SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in two Spanish regions and compared with later available epidemiological data.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Pablo M. De Salazar, Sergio Sosa-Estani, Fernando Salvador, Elena Sulleiro, Adrian Sanchez-Montalva, Isabela Ribeiro, Israel Molina, Caroline O. Buckee
Summary: The study analyzes parasite dynamics in chronic Chagas disease and highlights the limitations in parasite detection methods. The researchers found that parasitemia remains at a steady-state and can be predicted probabilistically. Additionally, individuals can be categorized based on their parasitological status, allowing for a more detailed evaluation of efficacy outcomes and adjustments.
PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tyler Brown, Pablo Martinez de Salazar Munoz, Abhishek Bhatia, Bridget Bunda, Ellen K. Williams, David Bor, James S. Miller, Amir Mohareb, Julia Thierauf, Wenxin Yang, Julian Villalba, Vivek Naranbai, Wilfredo Garcia Beltran, Tyler E. Miller, Doug Kress, Kristen Stelljes, Keith Johnson, Dan Larremore, Jochen Lennerz, A. John Iafrate, Satchit Balsari, Caroline Buckee, Yonatan Grad
Summary: Convenience sampling is an important tool for seroprevalence studies, but its geographically skewed recruitment can introduce bias and uncertainty. This study aims to quantify the influence of geographically skewed recruitment on SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence estimates and develop new methods using GPS-derived foot traffic data to minimize bias and uncertainty. The results suggest that using GPS to select recruitment sites and record participants' home locations can improve study design and interpretation.
Meeting Abstract
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Xabier Garcia de Albeniz, Rosa Polo, Carolina Teran, Miguel Morales, David Rial-Crestelo, M. A. Garcinuno, Miguel Garcia del Toro, Cesar Hita, J. L. Gomez-Sirvent, Luis Buzon, Alberto Diaz de Santiago, J. L. Perez, Jesus Sanz, P. Bachiller, Elisa Martinez, Vicens Diaz-Brito, Mar Masia, Alicia Hernandez-Torres, Jose Guerra, Piedad Arazo, Jose Arribas, Pablo Martinez de Salazar, Santiago Moreno, Miguel A. Hernan, Julia del Amo
PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Philipp Schwabl, Angela Early, Emily LaVerriere, Pablo Martinez de Salazar, Manuela Carrasquilla, Ruchit Panchal, Tim Straub, Meg Shieh, Zack Johnson, Aimee Taylor, Margaret Laws, Bronwyn MacInnis, Lise Musset, Jean Alexandre, Helen Imhoff, Horace Cox, Caroline Buckee, Daniel Neafsey
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Pablo M. De Salazar, Horace Cox, Helen Imhoff, Jean S. F. Alexandre, Caroline O. Buckee
Summary: The study found that the significant rise in Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Guyana between 2008 and 2014 was likely driven by an increase in gold mining, with climate factors potentially contributing synergistically. The international gold price can be used as a useful indicator of malaria trends.
LANCET PLANETARY HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ana Lopez-Cheda, Maria-Amalia Jacome, Ricardo Cao, Pablo M. De Salazar
Summary: This study focuses on modeling the lengths-of-stay of hospitalized COVID-19 patients using real-time surveillance data, demonstrating that a non-parametric mixture cure model outperforms standard methods in estimating ICU and HW lengths-of-stay, and emphasizing the importance of adjusting for sex and age in accurately predicting occupancy rates and discharge/death outcomes.
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Pablo Martinez De Salazar, Rene Niehus, Aimee Taylor, Caroline O'Flaherty Buckee, Marc Lipsitch
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2020)