Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anastasia V. Poznyak, Evgeny E. Bezsonov, Ali H. Eid, Tatyana V. Popkova, Ludmila V. Nedosugova, Antonina V. Starodubova, Alexander N. Orekhov
Summary: COVID-19 is a highly contagious infection caused by the Sars-CoV-2 virus, with potentially serious consequences on the cardiovascular system. Patients with chronic diseases are more likely to experience worsened outcomes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pierre Nouvellet, Sangeeta Bhatia, Anne Cori, Kylie E. C. Ainslie, Marc Baguelin, Samir Bhatt, Adhiratha Boonyasiri, Nicholas F. Brazeau, Lorenzo Cattarino, Laura V. Cooper, Helen Coupland, Zulma M. Cucunuba, Gina Cuomo-Dannenburg, Amy Dighe, Bimandra A. Djaafara, Ilaria Dorigatti, Oliver D. Eales, Sabine L. van Elsland, Fabricia F. Nascimento, Richard G. FitzJohn, Katy A. M. Gaythorpe, Lily Geidelberg, William D. Green, Arran Hamlet, Katharina Hauck, Wes Hinsley, Natsuko Imai, Benjamin Jeffrey, Edward Knock, Daniel J. Laydon, John A. Lees, Tara Mangal, Thomas A. Mellan, Gemma Nedjati-Gilani, Kris V. Parag, Margarita Pons-Salort, Manon Ragonnet-Cronin, Steven Riley, H. Juliette T. Unwin, Robert Verity, Michaela A. C. Vollmer, Erik Volz, Patrick G. T. Walker, Caroline E. Walters, Haowei Wang, Oliver J. Watson, Charles Whittaker, Lilith K. Whittles, Xiaoyue Xi, Neil M. Ferguson, Christl A. Donnelly
Summary: In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, countries around the world have used mobility data as an important proxy measure of social distancing to control the transmission of SARS-CoV-2. While there is a correlation between reduced mobility and decreased transmission, this relationship weakens over time as strict control measures are relaxed.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joseph T. Wu, Kathy Leung, Tommy T. Y. Lam, Michael Y. Ni, Carlos K. H. Wong, J. S. Malik Peiris, Gabriel M. Leung
Summary: Epidemic nowcasting involves assessing the current state of an outbreak by understanding key characteristics, providing situational awareness, and informing control responses. Scientists must constantly update their aims and analytics to incorporate new questions, data, and findings in order to synthesize real-time evidence for policy decisions. Recent advances in computational and laboratory sciences are enhancing the scope, timeliness, reliability, and utility of epidemic nowcasting.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Pratha Sah, Thomas N. Vilches, Seyed M. Moghadas, Meagan C. Fitzpatrick, Burton H. Singer, Peter J. Hotez, Alison P. Galvani
Summary: The emergence of more contagious variants of SARS-CoV-2 raises concerns about increased cases and severe outcomes. Accelerating vaccine distribution can significantly reduce severe outcomes, with increasing daily vaccine doses from 1 to 3 million having the potential to prevent a large number of hospitalizations and deaths for variants with higher transmissibility.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Abdiel Absalon-Aguilar, Marina Rull-Gabayet, Alfredo Perez-Fragoso, Nancy R. Mejia-Dominguez, Carlos Nunez-Alvarez, David Kershenobich-Stalnikowitz, Jose Sifuentes-Osornio, Alfredo Ponce-de-Leon, Fernanda Gonzalez-Lara, Eduardo Martin-Nares, Sharon Montesinos-Ramirez, Martha Ramirez-Alemon, Pamela Ramirez-Rangel, Manlio F. Marquez, Juan Carlos Plata-Corona, Guillermo Juarez-Vega, Diana Gomez-Martin, Jiram Torres-Ruiz
Summary: A triple-blind clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of colchicine treatment in 116 hospitalized severe COVID-19 patients. The study showed that colchicine had no effect on the primary outcome, days of ICU and hospital stays, and adverse events were similar between the colchicine and placebo groups. After colchicine treatment, patients had higher BUN levels and lower serum levels of IL-8, IL-12p70, and IL-17A.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Amara Tariq, Leo Anthony Celi, Janice M. Newsome, Saptarshi Purkayastha, Neal Kumar Bhatia, Hari Trivedi, Judy Wawira Gichoya, Imon Banerjee
Summary: The study demonstrated that a fusion model utilizing medical history and current treatment data can predict the need for hospitalization for patients infected with COVID-19. Factors such as history of cardiovascular disease, emergency room visits, and demographic factors were predictive of disease trajectory. The early fusion model showed the best predictive performance.
NPJ DIGITAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Guillaume Favre, Kevin Legueult, Christian Pradier, Charles Raffaelli, Carole Ichai, Antonio Iannelli, Alban Redheuil, Olivier Lucidarme, Vincent Esnault
Summary: The study found that visceral fat accumulation is associated with severe COVID-19 in European adults, while subcutaneous fat is not. An area of visceral fat greater than or equal to 128.5 cm(2) was identified as the best predictor for severe COVID-19.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Noha Sharafeldin, Benjamin Bates, Qianqian Song, Vithal Madhira, Yao Yan, Sharlene Dong, Eileen Lee, Nathaniel Kuhrt, Yu Raymond Shao, Feifan Liu, Timothy Bergquist, Justin Guinney, Jing Su, Umit Topaloglu
Summary: The largest multicenter cohort of cancer patients with COVID-19 to date was constructed by the U.S. N3C collaboration. It was found that COVID-19 positivity significantly increased the risk of all-cause mortality in cancer patients. Factors such as age, gender, region, comorbidities, and specific cancer types were associated with increased mortality risk in cancer patients with COVID-19.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Jieyun Zhu, Jielong Pang, Pan Ji, Zhimei Zhong, Hongyuan Li, Bocheng Li, Jianfeng Zhang, Junyu Lu
Summary: Coagulation dysfunction is common in severe COVID-19 patients and is associated with the severity of the disease. Patients who died had higher levels of D-dimer, longer prothrombin time, and lower platelet count compared to those who survived.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Ghulam Hussain, Tahir Khan, Amir Khan, Mustafa Inc, Gul Zaman, Kottakkaran Sooppy Nisar, Ali Akgul
Summary: The article investigates the transmission dynamics of the novel coronavirus using a stochastic model and verifies the analytical results through large-scale numerical simulations.
ALEXANDRIA ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Bharath Kumar Gajjela, Ming-Ming Zhou
Summary: The outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 has caused the COVID-19 pandemic, infecting over 178 million people worldwide. Despite new vaccines, achieving global herd immunity remains a challenge. Severe COVID-19 patients suffer from respiratory failure due to acute respiratory distress syndrome, a leading cause of mortality. Lung hyper-inflammation caused by virus-induced tissue damage and uncontrolled cytokine release is a major factor. FDA-approved JAK inhibitors are being evaluated and repurposed to treat severe COVID-19 by reducing SARS-CoV-2 infection.
DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Ayten Gunduz, Emrah Ozturk, Ozlem Cagasar
Summary: In this study, it was found that COVID-19 patients had significantly higher culture positivity in conjunctival flora compared to control subjects. Specifically, Coagulase-negative staphylococcus and Staphylococcus aureus were more prevalent in COVID-19 patients.
OCULAR IMMUNOLOGY AND INFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yijia Li, Alexis M. Schneider, Arnav Mehta, Moshe Sade-Feldman, Kyle R. Kays, Matteo Gentili, Nicole C. Charland, Anna L. K. Gonye, Irena Gushterova, Hargun K. Khanna, Thomas J. LaSalle, Kendall M. Lavin-Parsons, Brendan M. Lilley, Carl L. Lodenstein, Kasidet Manakongtreecheep, Justin D. Margolin, Brenna N. McKaig, Blair A. Parry, Maricarmen Rojas-Lopez, Brian C. Russo, Nihaarika Sharma, Jessica Tantivit, Molly F. Thomas, James Regan, James P. Flynn, Alexandra-Chloe Villani, Nir Hacohen, Marcia B. Goldberg, Michael R. Filbin, Jonathan Z. Li
Summary: This study involving 300 participants with confirmed COVID-19 found that plasma SARS-CoV-2 viremia levels at presentation were predictive of adverse disease outcomes, with an adjusted OR of 10.6 for severe disease and 3.9 for 28-day mortality. Proteomic analysis revealed upregulation of SARS-CoV-2 entry factors and markers of tissue damage in lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and endothelium/vasculature, as well as alterations in coagulation pathways. These results highlight the vascular and tissue damage associated with SARS-CoV-2 plasma viremia that contributes to COVID-19 disease outcomes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Peter W. Horby, Martin J. Landray
Summary: Tocilizumab improved survival and other clinical outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with hypoxia and systemic inflammation, regardless of the level of respiratory support, and provided additional benefits on top of systemic corticosteroid therapy.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Finja Schweitzer, Nina N. Kleineberg, Yasemin Goreci, Oezguer A. Onur, Christiana Franke, Clemens Warnke
Summary: Neurological symptoms and complications of COVID-19 range from common nonspecific manifestations like headache and dizziness to less frequent but more severe conditions such as Guillain--Barre syndrome and encephalopathy. Comprehensive work-up including cerebrospinal fluid assessment and neuroimaging is necessary for accurate diagnosis and management.
CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)