Article
Physics, Applied
C. Fluhr, B. Dubois, C. E. Calosso, F. Vernotte, E. Rubiola, V. Giordano
Summary: This Letter reports on the exceptional frequency stability performance of an autonomous cryogenic sapphire oscillator (CSO), with a flicker frequency noise floor below 2 x 10(-16) and a long-term Allan deviation limited by a random walk process of around 1 x 10(-18) root tau, near 1000 seconds. The implementation of advanced instrumentation and ultra-stable frequency references was necessary to achieve this level. This result demonstrates the technological soundness of the CSO technology and sets a competitive upper limit for the ultimate noise floor of cryogenic microwave resonators comparable to ultra-stable optical Fabry-Perot cavities.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Christophe Fluhr, Benoit Dubois, Guillaume Le Tetu, Valerie Soumann, Julien Paris, Enrico Rubiola, Vincent Giordano
Summary: The cryogenic sapphire oscillator (CSO) is a specialized machine that provides the lowest frequency fluctuations for a microwave reference signal. It is based on a sapphire monocrystal resonating at 10 GHz and cooled to approximately 6 K. After implementing 11 CSOs over the span of ten years, significant progress has been made in short-term stability, reducing power consumption, and ensuring reproducible frequency stability and overall performance. The CSO is now a semi-commercial product suitable for scientific applications requiring extreme frequency stability and reliable long-term unattended operation.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Larissa Aguiar Dantas de Britto, Jognes Panasiewicz, Gefeson Mendes Pacheco, Abhijit Banerjee
Summary: A novel optoelectronic oscillator configuration with a unique optical fiber length and dual-loop feedback was proposed and studied, allowing for remote frequency tuning and reduction in unwanted frequency intensity. Theoretical analysis was confirmed by experimental results, demonstrating excellent performance of the configuration.
OPTICAL AND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Felix Tebbenjohanns, M. Luisa Mattana, Massimiliano Rossi, Martin Frimmer, Lukas Novotny
Summary: This study demonstrates quantum control of an optically levitated nanoparticle with a mass of one femtogram in a cryogenic environment, achieving cooling of the particle's motion to the quantum ground state through measurement-based feedback. Optically levitated nanoparticles show promise for matter-wave experiments with massive objects due to their high controllability, offering a route to investigate quantum mechanics at macroscopic scales.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Eugene N. Ivanov, Michael E. Tobar
Summary: We studied the response of cryogenic sapphire resonator to fast variations in microwave power. Power-to-frequency conversion of the resonator depends on Fourier frequency and acts as a first-order low-pass filter with corner frequency close to the resonator's loaded half-bandwidth. By measuring the power-to-frequency conversion, we can predict the phase noise of a microwave oscillator based on such a resonator.
IEEE MICROWAVE AND WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Eugene N. Ivanov, Michael E. Tobar
Summary: This research demonstrates the achievement of state-of-the-art phase noise and high frequency stability in a microwave oscillator based on the sapphire-loaded cavity resonator. Two 9 GHz sapphire oscillators exhibit single-sideband phase noise close to -170 dBc/Hz at an offset frequency of 10 kHz, and fractional frequency instability less than 2x10(-13) for integration times from 5 to 50 s.
IEEE MICROWAVE AND WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
G. Le Tetu, C. Fluhr, B. Dubois, J. Paris, R. Hostein, V. Giordano
Summary: We present the first-ever ultra-stable microwave cryogenic oscillator operated with a Gifford-McMahon cryocooler. Despite the high vibration generated by the cryocooler, an optimized design and passive solutions enable sufficient mechanical decoupling to achieve state-of-the-art frequency stability. The implemented 10 GHz cryogenic oscillator exhibits a fractional frequency stability of sigma(gamma)(r)< 3x 10(-15) for 1 s <= r <= 10(4)s.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Masayuki Takagishi, Naoyuki Narita, Yuji Nakagawa, Tazumi Nagasawa, Ryo Osamura, Tomoyuki Maeda, Kenichiro Yamada
Summary: This article reviews the technology of Microwave Assisted Magnetic Recording (MAMR) and its application to hard disk drives (HDDs). It explains the physical principles of MAMR and discusses the key points for applying this technology to HDDs. Despite some difficulties, MAMR shows great potential for application in HDDs.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Luqman Ali, Cong Wang, Fan-Yi Meng, Kishor Kumar Adhikari, Zhi-Qiang Gao
Summary: This paper presents a fingerprint-structured microwave resonator sensor for simultaneous characterization of permittivity and permeability of magnetodielectric materials. The sensor exhibits high sensitivity and resolution, allowing accurate measurements of the performance of single/multilayer magnetodielectric materials.
IEEE MICROWAVE AND WIRELESS COMPONENTS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Zude Lin, Yudong Shen, Yanjie Li, Minmin You, Jingquan Liu
Summary: The study developed a resistive cryogenic temperature sensor with high sensitivity, high stability, and low magnetoresistance by adding oxygen to CrNx film to form CrOxNy. Micro sensors were fabricated using CrOxNy thin films deposited under different gas flow rates. The performance of the sensors was analyzed in the temperature range of 4.2K to 300K, showing super-high sensitivities and strong resistance against magnetic field influence.
IEEE ELECTRON DEVICE LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Xin Zhou, Dylan Cattiaux, Didier Theron, Eddy Collin
Summary: This study reports on generic classical electric circuit modeling for standard single-tone microwave optomechanics, deriving analytical expressions in the classical regime which coincide with standard quantum treatment when cavity and mechanical oscillator occupation numbers are large. The derived analytics allow for transposing optical elements into electronics terms for quantitative measurement and design purposes, and direct comparison between standard quantum treatment and classical model highlights quantum features and their boundaries with the classical regime.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Liang Zhang, Craig R. Donaldson, Jim Clarke, Jack Easton, Craig W. Robertson, Colin G. Whyte, Adrian W. Cross
Summary: This study investigated the factors influencing the choice of high-power drive sources in the context of Microwave Undulators. By prototyping a short section of the MU structure, the quality factor of the MU cavity was demonstrated, and the trajectories of electrons inside the MU were studied. The results showed that an amplifier is needed to minimize electron drift distance at low beam energies.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Wen-Jing Wu, Wen-Sheng Zhao
Summary: This article proposes a modified magnetic-LC (M-MLC) based microwave sensing system. The system consists of the M-MLC resonator and active RF circuits. The M-MLC resonator has a significantly increased electrical field density compared to the traditional resonator, leading to improved sensitivity in retrieving real permittivity.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Junpu Ling, Yufang He, Juntao He, Xiaobo Deng, Lili Song
Summary: Compactness and miniaturization are important for the development of high-power microwave sources. This study proposes a compact C-band transit-time oscillator with a low external guiding magnetic field and conducts experimental research to verify its practical application. The experimental results show that the device has the ability to output GW-level C-band high-power microwave under a low external guiding magnetic field.
PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
(2022)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Haozhi Wang, S. Singh, C. R. H. McRae, J. C. Bardin, S-X Lin, N. Messaoudi, A. R. Castelli, Y. J. Rosen, E. T. Holland, D. P. Pappas, J. Y. Mutus
Summary: This paper presents a data-based single-port calibration method for extracting internal and coupling quality factors of superconducting resonators, and validates the method's effectiveness by cross-referencing with established two-port techniques.
QUANTUM SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
