Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mohammad Sharifzadeh, Minoo Bagheri, John R. Speakman, Kurosh Djafarian
Summary: The study evaluated various physical activity questionnaires for estimating physical activity and energy expenditure, and found that only Active-Q and 3-day PA diaries were identified as valid tools for estimating total energy expenditure.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Erik A. Willis, Seth A. Creasy, Pedro F. Saint-Maurice, Sarah Kozey Keadle, Hermann Pontzer, Dale Schoeller, Richard P. Troiano, Charles E. Matthews
Summary: This study explored the relationship between physical activity and total energy expenditure in older adults, highlighting the role of energy balance status. The results showed that the impact of physical activity on total energy expenditure differed depending on whether individuals were in a positive or negative energy balance state. A prospective study with sufficient power is needed to confirm these initial findings.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Tatiane Lopes De Pontes, F. Pinheiro Amador Dos Santos Pessanha, R. C. Freire Junior, K. Pfrimer, N. M. Da Cruz Alves, P. G. Fassini, O. L. S. Almeida, J. C. Moriguti, N. K. Da Costa Lima, J. L. Ferreira Santos, E. Ferriolli
Summary: This study found that higher total energy expenditure in older adults was associated with better performance in gait speed tests, 6-minute walk tests, and handgrip strength. Multivariate analysis adjusted for sex and fat-free mass showed an association between total energy expenditure and the 6-minute walk test, as well as the number of sedentary events. Therefore, in clinical practice, older individuals with lower gait speed, worse performance in the 6-minute walk test, and lower handgrip strength may benefit from increasing their total energy expenditure to prevent potential issues related to low energy expenditure.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION HEALTH & AGING
(2021)
Article
Biology
G. J. Sutton, J. A. Botha, J. R. Speakman, J. P. Y. Arnould
Summary: Understanding energy use is crucial for understanding an animal's physiological and behavioural ecology, but directly measuring energy expenditure in free-ranging animals is challenging. Dynamic body acceleration calculated from animal-borne accelerometers is increasingly used as a proxy for energy expenditure, but its performance in free-ranging animals still needs validation.
Article
Physiology
Sanjoy K. Deb, Eimear Dolan, Catherine Hambly, John R. Speakman, Olav Eftedal, Mohammed Gulrez Zariwala, Ingrid Eftedal
Summary: Commercial saturation divers exhibit high daily energy expenditure during diving operations, leading to a negative energy balance, potentially influenced by time spent underwater.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kole Phillips, Kevin Stanley, Daniel Fuller
Summary: This study proposes a method to calculate unique thresholds for quantifying energy expenditure based on individual characteristics. In empirical research, most participants' activity intensity profiles conform to a piecewise exponential decay model. By using this model, individuals can be categorized into different activity intensity profiles, which are associated with demographic data.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matthew N. Ahmadi, Stewart G. Trost
Summary: Machine learning (ML) accelerometer data processing methods have the potential to improve the accuracy of device-based assessments of physical activity (PA) in young children. The current study compared the accuracy of PA intensity predictions provided by ML classification models and previously published cut-points (CPs) for preschool-aged children. The results demonstrate that ML classification models provide more accurate assessments of PA intensity in young children than CP methods.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Daiki Watanabe, Tsukasa Yoshida, Yuya Watanabe, Misaka Kimura, Yosuke Yamada
Summary: The calibrated energy intake was negatively associated with mortality risk among older adults, but the uncalibrated energy intake showed no significant association. After adjusting for body mass index, the association between calibrated energy intake and mortality risk was not significant.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Oana A. Tatucu-Babet, Kay Nguo, Kate J. Lambell, Lorena Romero, Carrie P. Earthman, Emma J. Ridley
Summary: This scoping review aims to summarize the available literature on measuring total energy expenditure (TEE) using doubly labelled water (DLW) in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and acute care settings. The review found that DLW technique can be used in medically stable ICU and acute care patients, but careful considerations need to be given to protocol design and various factors.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Yingying Hao, Xiao-Kai Ma, Zheng Zhu, Zhen-Bo Cao
Summary: The study aimed to determine the validity of 11 commercially available wrist-wearable activity devices for monitoring total steps and total 24-hour total energy expenditure in healthy adolescents under simulated free-living conditions, with the conclusion that the Bong 2s had the best accuracy for estimating TEE and total steps. Further research is needed to examine the validity of these devices in different types of physical activities under real-world conditions.
JMIR MHEALTH AND UHEALTH
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
John R. Speakman, Herman Pontzer
Summary: This review outlines the issues with using PAEE and PAL as measures of physical activity energy expenditure. The errors in measuring TEE and BEE magnify the errors in estimating PAEE, and there is a disconnect between what is measured and the actual energy expenditure due to factors such as diurnal variation and thermoregulatory expenditure. Caution should be exercised in interpreting these measurements.
CURRENT OPINION IN CLINICAL NUTRITION AND METABOLIC CARE
(2023)
Article
Transplantation
Sivakumar Sridharan, Enric Vilar, Sivaramakrishnan Ramanarayanan, Andrew Davenport, Ken Farrington
Summary: A novel physical activity questionnaire (CKD-PAQ) was developed and compared with the validated RPAQ in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease. The CKD-PAQ showed comparable performance to RPAQ, but was shorter, easier to complete, and improved discrimination between low activity groups.
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Karin Bammann, Nicola K. Thomson, Birte Marie Albrecht, Duncan S. Buchan, Chris Easton
Summary: The study provides placement-specific accelerometer cut-points for determining physical activity intensity in older adults, and compares the validity of these cut-points for different physical activities. However, the derived cut-points did not outperform published ones, indicating the need for further research and innovative approaches to improve internal and external validity of research results.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Mamoun T. Mardini, Chen Bai, Amal A. Wanigatunga, Santiago Saldana, Ramon Casanova, Todd M. Manini
Summary: Machine learning models were accurate in recognizing physical activity type and intensity, as well as estimating energy expenditure across different age groups. However, they performed less optimally in recognizing individual physical activities. XGBoost models had high F1-Scores for various activity types and intensities, with minimal differences across age groups.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Paul O'Halloran, Courtney Sullivan, Kiera Staley, Matthew Nicholson, Erica Randle, Adrian Bauman, Alex Donaldson, Nicola McNeil, Arthur Stukas, Annemarie Wright, Michael Kingsley
Summary: This study aimed to assess the validity of a single item measure (SIM) in detecting change in physical activity levels in adolescents. The results showed that the SIM is adequate for assessing physical activity at a single time point but not recommended for assessing change.
Article
Sport Sciences
Annie M. Skinner, Dimitris Vlachopoulos, Alan R. Barker, Sarah A. Moore, Alex Rowlands, Sonja Soininen, Eero A. Haapala, Juuso Vaisto, Kate Westgate, Soren Brage, Timo A. Lakka
Summary: The study aimed to assess the associations of physical activity (PA) volume, PA intensity distribution, and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) with bone mineral content, lean mass, and fat mass in children. The results showed that PA volume was positively associated with bone mineral content in both females and males, and positively associated with lean mass (males) or negatively associated with fat mass (males). PA intensity was negatively associated with bone mineral content in males. MVPA was positively associated with lean mass and negatively associated with fat mass in both females and males.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Tessa Strain, Paddy C. Dempsey, Katrien Wijndaele, Stephen J. Sharp, Nicola Kerrison, Tomas I. Gonzales, Chunxiao Li, Eleanor Wheeler, Claudia Langenberg, Soren Brage, Nick Wareham
Summary: The research found a linear relationship between physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) and incident type 2 diabetes (T2D), with higher levels of PAEE associated with lower odds of T2D. This association was stronger in men, and weaker in individuals with obesity and higher genetic susceptibility to obesity. For a given level of PAEE, engaging in more moderate-to-vigorous activity was associated with lower odds of T2D.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Tiberiu A. Pana, Sheng Hui Kioh, Samuel R. Neal, Maw Pin Tan, Sumaiyah Mat, Alireza Moayyeri, Robert N. Luben, Nicholas J. Wareham, Kay-Tee Khaw, Phyo K. Myint
Summary: This cohort study aimed to determine the association between body fat percentage (BF%), incident fractures and calcaneal broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA). The results showed that higher BF% is associated with lower risk of fractures in women, while increasing BF% >23% is associated with higher risk of hip fractures in men.
Article
Sport Sciences
Tomas I. Gonzales, Kate Westgate, Stefanie Hollidge, Tim Lindsay, Katrien Wijndaele, Nita G. Forouhi, Simon Griffin, Nick Wareham, Soren Brage
Summary: This study examined the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and population subgroups and seasonal trends in a population-based cohort of UK adults. The findings showed that older generations are comparatively fitter than younger generations, but the decline in fitness with age is less steep than anticipated. Physical activity energy expenditure and BMI were found to be stronger determinants of cardiorespiratory fitness than other characteristics, emphasizing the importance of modifiable physical activity behaviors in public health interventions.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Rosa Lundbye Allesoe, Agnete Troen Lundgaard, Ricardo Hernandez Medina, Alejandro Aguayo-Orozco, Joachim Johansen, Jakob Nybo Nissen, Caroline Brorsson, Gianluca Mazzoni, Lili Niu, Jorge Hernansanz Biel, Valentas Brasas, Henry Webel, Michael Eriksen Benros, Anders Gorm Pedersen, Piotr Jaroslaw Chmura, Ulrik Plesner Jacobsen, Andrea Mari, Robert Koivula, Anubha Mahajan, Ana Vinuela, Juan Fernandez Tajes, Sapna Sharma, Mark Haid, Mun-Gwan Hong, Petra B. Musholt, Federico De Masi, Josef Vogt, Helle Krogh Pedersen, Valborg Gudmundsdottir, Angus Jones, Gwen Kennedy, Jimmy Bell, E. Louise Thomas, Gary Frost, Henrik Thomsen, Elizaveta Hansen, Tue Haldor Hansen, Henrik Vestergaard, Mirthe Muilwijk, Marieke T. Blom, Leen M. T. Hart, Francois Pattou, Violeta Raverdy, Soren Brage, Tarja Kokkola, Alison Heggie, Donna McEvoy, Miranda Mourby, Jane Kaye, Andrew Hattersley, Timothy McDonald, Martin Ridderstrale, Mark Walker, Ian Forgie, Giuseppe N. Giordano, Imre Pavo, Hartmut Ruetten, Oluf Pedersen, Torben Hansen, Emmanouil Dermitzakis, Paul W. Franks, Jochen M. Schwenk, Jerzy Adamski, Mark McCarthy, Ewan Pearson, Karina Banasik, Simon Rasmussen, Soren Brunak
Summary: The application of multiple omics technologies in biomedical cohorts can reveal patient-level disease characteristics and individualized response to treatment. We developed a deep-learning-based framework, MOVE, to integrate and analyze multi-omics data from a cohort of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients. By using in silico perturbations, we identified drug-omics associations in the multi-modal datasets with higher sensitivity than univariate statistical tests.
NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Sport Sciences
Leandro Garcia, Matthew Pearce, Ali Abbas, Alexander Mok, Tessa Strain, Sara Ali, Alessio Crippa, Paddy C. Dempsey, Rajna Golubic, Paul Kelly, Yvonne Laird, Eoin McNamara, Samuel Moore, Thiago Herick de Sa, Andrea D. Smith, Katrien Wijndaele, James Woodcock, Soren Brage
Summary: This study aims to estimate the dose-response associations between non-occupational physical activity and chronic disease outcomes and mortality. The results show that even small increases in non-occupational physical activity can significantly reduce the risk of various diseases and mortality compared to being inactive.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jakub G. D. Sobiecki, Fumiaki Imamura, Courtney R. Davis, Stephen J. Sharp, Albert Koulman, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Marcela Guevara, Matthias B. Schulze, Ju-Sheng Zheng, Claudia Agnoli, Catalina Bonet, Sandra M. Colorado-Yohar, Guy Fagherazzi, Paul W. Franks, Thomas E. Gundersen, Franziska Jannasch, Rudolf Kaaks, Verena Katzke, Esther Molina-Montes, Peter M. Nilsson, Domenico Palli, Salvatore Panico, Keren Papier, Olov Rolandsson, Carlotta Sacerdote, Anne Tjonneland, Tammy Y. N. Tong, Yvonne T. van der Schouw, John Danesh, Adam S. Butterworth, Elio Riboli, Karen J. Murphy, Nicholas J. Wareham, Nita G. Forouhi
Summary: A study found that adherence to the Mediterranean diet lowered the risk of type 2 diabetes, and objectively assessed adherence had a stronger association than self-reported adherence. The study used biomarkers to assess the actual effectiveness of the Mediterranean diet and found that higher adherence was associated with lower incidence of type 2 diabetes. This research is of importance in reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes and reducing the burden on the population.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
John R. Speakman, Jasper M. A. de Jong, Srishti Sinha, Klaas R. Westerterp, Yosuke Yamada, Hiroyuki Sagayama, Philip N. Ainslie, Liam J. Anderson, Lenore Arab, Kweku Bedu-Addo, Stephane Blanc, Alberto G. Bonomi, Pascal Bovet, Soren Brage, Maciej S. Buchowski, Nancy F. Butte, Stefan G. J. A. Camps, Jamie A. Cooper, Richard Cooper, Sai Krupa Das, Peter S. W. Davies, Lara R. Dugas, Ulf Ekelund, Sonja Entringer, Terrence Forrester, Barry W. Fudge, Melanie Gillingham, Santu Ghosh, Annelies H. Goris, Michael Gurven, Lewis G. Halsey, Catherine Hambly, Hinke H. Haisma, Daniel Hoffman, Sumei Hu, Annemiek M. Joosen, Jennifer L. Kaplan, Peter Katzmarzyk, William E. Kraus, Robert F. Kushner, William R. Leonard, Marie Loef, Corby K. Martin, Eric Matsiko, Anine C. Medin, Erwin P. Meijer, Marian L. Neuhouser, Theresa A. Nicklas, Robert M. Ojiambo, Kirsi H. Pietilaeinen, Jacob Plange-Rhule, Guy Plasqui, Ross L. Prentice, Susan B. Racette, David A. Raichlen, Eric Ravussin, Leanne M. Redman, Susan B. Roberts, Michael C. Rudolph, Luis B. Sardinha, Albertine J. Schuit, Analiza M. Silva, Eric Stice, Samuel S. Urlacher, Giulio Valenti, Ludo M. Van Etten, Edgar A. Van Mil, Brian M. Wood, Jack A. Yanovski, Tsukasa Yoshida, Xueying Zhang, Alexia J. Murphy-Alford, Cornelia U. Loechl, Anura Kurpad, Amy H. Luke, Herman Pontzer, Matthew S. Rodeheffer, Jennifer Rood, Dale A. Schoeller, William W. Wong
Summary: Obesity is caused by prolonged positive energy balance, and the contribution of reduced activity levels to energy expenditure is still debated. Our study shows that total energy expenditure (TEE) adjusted for body composition and age has declined since the late 1980s, while adjusted activity energy expenditure has increased over time in both sexes. The decline in adjusted basal energy expenditure (BEE) is identified as a previously unrecognized factor. These findings suggest that the increasing obesity in the United States/Europe is not likely fueled by reduced physical activity leading to lowered TEE.
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
David E. Kloecker, Soren Brage, Nicholas J. Wareham
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lina Cai, Tomas Gonzales, Eleanor Wheeler, Nicola D. Kerrison, Felix R. Day, Claudia Langenberg, John R. B. Perry, Soren Brage, Nicholas J. Wareham
Summary: Higher cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes. Genetic determinants in cardiorespiratory fitness and candidate genes related to cardiac muscle development and muscle contractility were identified. Higher genetically predicted fitness is causally associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes independent of adiposity.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Junqing Xie, Yuliang Feng, Danielle Newby, Bang Zheng, Qi Feng, Albert Prats-Uribe, Chunxiao Li, Nicholas J. Wareham, R. Paredes, Daniel Prieto-Alhambra
Summary: The study examined the association between genetic predisposition, lifestyle factors, and the risk of post-COVID-19 cardiovascular and thromboembolic events (CVE). The results showed that higher polygenic risk scores were associated with increased risks of atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease, venous thromboembolism, and ischemic stroke. However, a healthier lifestyle was consistently associated with a reduction in all outcomes. These findings highlight the independent effects of host genetics and lifestyle on the occurrence of CVE complications in COVID-19 patients.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Kirsten L. Rennie, Emma R. Lawlor, Arrash Yassaee, Adam Booth, Kate Westgate, Stephen J. Sharp, Carina S. B. Tyrrell, Mert Aral, Nicholas J. Wareham
Summary: This study investigated participant characteristics associated with engagement in digital biomarker collection through a smartphone app. The results showed that older age groups and certain occupations were associated with higher engagement, while working, smoking, overweight or obesity, and high perceived stress were associated with lower engagement. The study also provided key recommendations to improve engagement in population-based health research.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Tiberiu A. Pana, Mamas A. Mamas, Nicholas J. Wareham, Kay-Tee Khaw, Dana K. Dawson, Phyo K. Myint
Summary: This study aims to understand the sex-specific lifetime trajectories of different heart and circulatory disorders and their relationship with death from heart disease. The results of the study show that men have a higher lifetime risk of heart and circulatory disorders compared with women. Men are more likely to experience myocardial infarction as the first manifestation, while women are more likely to develop atrial fibrillation and stroke after a certain age. The excess risk of death from heart disease observed in men with pre-existing heart disease is attenuated compared with those free of heart disease at baseline. In conclusion, our study highlights the marked sex disparities in heart disease and death over the very long-term, emphasizing the need for tailored heart disease prevention efforts for both men and women.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2023)