Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Michael L. O'Byrne, Andrew C. Glatz
Summary: Measuring the effect of treatment in pediatric/congenital interventional cardiology research is crucial, but factors like anatomic variations, patient ages, genetic syndromes, and noncardiac comorbid conditions can complicate outcomes if not properly addressed. Strategies to mitigate errors introduced by confounding and effect modification are important in research design and data analysis to ensure accurate conclusions about treatment efficacy and safety. Confounding by indication in pediatric/congenital cardiology research is discussed, with specific methods outlined to address this issue.
CATHETERIZATION AND CARDIOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Michael Webster-Clark, Alexander Breskin
Summary: The study provides two rules regarding effect measure modification, indicating whether a variable has an effect on the outcome at different treatment levels, and how to identify sufficient adjustments to generalize study results to a broader population.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Arvid Sjolander, Sara Oberg, Thomas Frisell
Summary: This paper discusses the implicit restriction to covariate-discordant families in sibling comparison studies and its impact on the generalizability of the study. It also proposes the use of a marginal between-within model to address this issue.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kun Liu, Yingbo Zhang, Cesar Martin, Xiaoling Ma, Bairong Shen
Summary: Since the birth of the first IVF baby in 1978, over eight million IVF babies have been born worldwide, leading to numerous advancements in reproductive medicine. Through a comprehensive search, curation, and review of scientific papers, the progress and technologies in reproductive medicine were summarized. Both male and female reproductive medicine have made significant progress, with markers advancing from karyotype analysis to single-cell omics. However, the limited availability of comprehensive databases hinder the application of precision medicine in reproductive medicine, including risk exposure, disease markers, prevention drugs, and effective treatments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Gabriel Conzuelo Rodriguez, Lisa M. Bodnar, Maria M. Brooks, Abdus Wahed, Edward H. Kennedy, Enrique Schisterman, Ashley Naimi
Summary: This study compared the performance of correctly specified parametric models and nonparametric models in evaluating effect modification. The findings suggest that generalized linear models have the highest power for detecting effect modification with binary exposures, while the DR-learner is comparable to flexible parametric models for continuous modifiers, especially in capturing quadratic and nonlinear monotonic functions.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Summary: The American Society for Reproductive Medicine states that completing fellowship training in reproductive endocrinology and infertility is sufficient for ordering, performing, and interpreting gynecologic ultrasound imaging studies and hysterosalpingography. Additional accreditation from other organizations is not necessary. Certification and maintenance of certification from the American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology fulfill the accreditation requirement. (c) 2022 by American Society for Reproductive Medicine.
FERTILITY AND STERILITY
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Samantha B. Schon, Nicholas Raja, Min Xu, Heather Cameron, Kun Yang, Jayne Reynolds, Dee Fenner, Erica E. Marsh
Summary: The study reports the successful establishment of a reproductive registry and sample biorepository, as well as the methods for collecting and storing a variety of reproductive tissues for multiple downstream translational applications. As of now, there are 1798 subjects enrolled, with female participants reporting various reproductive disorders.
JOURNAL OF ASSISTED REPRODUCTION AND GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Management
Nathan Kallus, Angela Zhou
Summary: This research focuses on learning personalized decision policies from observational data considering unobserved confounding. The method minimizes the worst-case estimated regret of a candidate policy against a baseline to control the extent of unobserved confounding, with generalization guarantees for safety and efficient algorithmic solutions. The study also assesses methods on synthetic and semisynthetic data, highlighting the importance of addressing hidden confounding to ensure reliable personalized treatment policies learned from observational data.
MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Yi Li, Maya B. Mathur, Daniel H. Solomon, Paul M. Ridker, Robert J. Glynn, Kazuki Yoshida
Summary: Existing methods assume constant effects, but investigators want to know how underlying effects modify mediation effects. We extended the regression-based causal mediation analysis and demonstrated biased estimates without considering effect measure modification (EMM). We applied the extended method to an empirical example and found that the modification through an inflammatory biomarker was greater for younger, nondiabetic patients with lower baseline inflammation. We developed a free and open-source R package, regmedint, to facilitate the adoption of EMM in causal mediation analysis.
Review
Cell Biology
Erqing Huang, Lijuan Chen
Summary: RNA m(6)A modification plays a crucial role in the pathophysiological mechanism of female reproductive diseases, including oogenesis, embryonic growth, and various gynecological tumors such as cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, and ovarian cancer. This review summarizes the recent research results on m(6)A in female reproductive biology and pathophysiology, and discusses future research directions and clinical applications of m(6)A-related targets. It is expected to enhance our understanding of the cellular mechanisms, diagnostic biomarkers, and potential therapeutic strategies for female reproductive system diseases.
CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING
(2023)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Rebecca A. Miksad, Gregory S. Calip
Summary: Patients with early-onset pancreatic cancer (EOPC) have different treatment patterns than patients with average-age-onset pancreatic cancer (AOPC), suggesting the need for further research to confirm findings and indicating that interventions to increase appropriate treatment and improve outcomes may differ between the two groups.
Review
Cell Biology
Xiaoheng Li, Erpo Tian, Yiyan Wang, Zina Wen, Zhen Lei, Ying Zhong, Ren-shan Ge
Summary: This is a piece of information about an email address and dates, including the email addresses of the sender and recipient, as well as the dates of sending and acceptance.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Mengxue Zhang, Jie Xing, Shijie Zhao, Hui Chen, Xinming Yin, Xiaolan Zhu
Summary: Biologically active and nanoscale extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a role in various cellular processes and have potential applications in the diagnosis and treatment of reproductive disorders. Engineering strategies for EVs have been developed to enhance their application potential and overcome natural EVs' limitations. This review discusses the regulatory effects and mechanisms of engineered EVs on reproductive disorders, providing new insights for the treatment of these conditions.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Rehabilitation
J. W. Hamner, Can Ozan Tan
Summary: As evidence-based methods become more important in rehabilitation medicine, there is a need for more sophisticated study design and analytic methods. Simple t tests may not be suitable for evaluating treatment effects in the presence of random variations across different institutions or due to various factors. This review focuses on linear mixed effect models as one commonly used approach to account for these variations.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Deirdre Gartland, Elisha Riggs, Rebecca Giallo, Karen Glover, Mardi Stowe, Sharon Mongta, Donna Weetra, Stephanie Janne Brown
Summary: This study developed a comprehensive measure to assess child resilience factors, the Child Resilience Questionnaire (CRQ), focusing on the parent/caregiver report. The CRQ consisted of 11 scales and 43 items, covering various domains such as self, family, school, and culture. The questionnaire demonstrated good psychometric properties and can be widely used in clinical, educational, and research settings.
Article
Ethnic Studies
Nicole D. Fields, Brian W. Whitcomb, Elizabeth R. Bertone-Johnson, Airin D. Martinez, Nicole A. VanKim
Summary: Nearly two-thirds of Black women in the US are obese. This study examines the associations between psychological distress, social cohesion, and obesity among Black and White adult women. The findings highlight complex relationships between psychological distress, obesity, and social cohesion in these populations.
ETHNICITY & HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Harrison T. Reeder, Sebastien Haneuse, Anna M. Modest, Michele R. Hacker, Leanna S. Sudhof, Stefania I. Papatheodorou
Summary: This study used the semicompeting risks framework to jointly model the risk and timing of preeclampsia and delivery, providing clinically relevant predictions of outcome trajectories in different risk categories. The results showed nuanced relationships between various risk factors and the timings of preeclampsia diagnosis and delivery, offering meaningful information for clinical decision-making.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Sarah Martinez, Enxhi Rrapi, Michele R. Hacker, Mytien Nguyen, Donna B. Jeffe, Aimee Capellan, Sara McKinney
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Nicole D. Fields, Nicole A. VanKim, Brian W. Whitcomb, Elizabeth R. Bertone-Johnson, Airin D. Martinez, David H. Chae
Summary: Studies show that racism-related experiences such as racial microaggressions and racism-related vigilance, as well as interpersonal racial discrimination, may contribute to higher rates of excess adiposity in Black women. This study examined the relationship between these racism-related facets and adiposity in Black women with systemic lupus erythematosus.
WOMENS HEALTH ISSUES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ashley Naimi, Brian W. Whitcomb
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ashley Naimi, Brian W. Whitcomb
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Margaret A. A. McConnell, Slawa Rokicki, Samuel Ayers, Farah Allouch, Nicolas Perreault, Rebecca A. A. Gourevitch, Michelle W. W. Martin, R. Annetta Zhou, Chloe Zera, Michele R. R. Hacker, Alyna Chien, Mary Ann Bates, Katherine Baicker
Summary: Adverse birth outcomes can lead to mortality, morbidity, and childhood developmental challenges. The United States has significant racial and socioeconomic disparities in these outcomes, requiring effective interventions for low-income pregnant individuals. Expanding home visiting programs, specifically the Nurse-Family Partnership program, is recommended to improve newborn and maternal outcomes. This study aims to determine the effects of intensive nurse home visiting programs on crucial birth outcome indicators.
OBSTETRICAL & GYNECOLOGICAL SURVEY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Veronica A. Wang, Michael Leung, Longxiang Li, Anna M. Modest, Joel Schwartz, Brent A. Coull, Michele R. Hacker, Blair J. Wylie, Petros Koutrakis, Stefania Papatheodorou
Summary: This study retrospectively examined the association between particle radioactivity (PR) and fetal growth in pregnancies. The results showed that PR exposure was negatively associated with fetal growth before 24 weeks' gestation and positively associated after 24 weeks. This study highlights the importance of considering environmental exposure on fetal development.
AIR QUALITY ATMOSPHERE AND HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Brian W. Whitcomb, Ashley Naimi
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Allyson M. Redhunt, Rachel Ledyard, Ai-ris Y. Collier, Michele R. Hacker, Heather H. Burris
Summary: This study investigates the impact of psychosocial stressors on inequities in preterm birth rates and the role of resilience. The findings suggest that high resilience is insufficient to overcome racial inequities in preterm birth rates between Black and White individuals, as the inequity remains significant even among individuals with the highest resilience levels.
ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Oladele A. Oluwayiose, Emily Houle, Brian W. Whitcomb, Alexander Suvorov, Tayyab Rahil, Cynthia K. Sites, Stephen A. Krawetz, Pablo E. Visconti, J. Richard Pilsner
Summary: This study examined the association between phthalate exposures and the profiles of small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) in seminal plasma extracellular vesicles (spEVs). The results showed that certain phthalate metabolites were negatively correlated with miRNA abundance and positively correlated with the normalized counts of various ncRNA transcripts. Furthermore, these ncRNAs were associated with vesicle-mediated transport and developmental-related processes.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Leanna S. Sudhof, Annika Gompers, Michele R. Hacker
Summary: This study evaluated the association between antepartum depressive symptoms and significant postpartum opioid use during birth hospitalization. It found that antepartum depressive symptoms were associated with significant postpartum inpatient opioid use, especially following cesarean delivery. Further investigation is needed to determine whether identifying and treating depressive symptoms in pregnancy may impact the pain experience and opioid use postpartum.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY MFM
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Danielle N. N. Carr, Annliz Macharia, Michele R. R. Hacker, William D. D. Winkelman
Summary: There is a strong association between the use of anticholinergic medication and an increased risk of cognitive impairment and dementia. Experts suggest minimizing the use of anticholinergics for treating overactive bladder (OAB) in elderly women. This study examines the temporal and geographic trends in pharmacologic treatment of OAB for patients aged 65 and older in the United States.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Bridgette W. Wamakima, Sara McKinney, Laura Bookman, Annika Gompers, Michele R. Hacker, Huma Farid
Summary: This study investigated the risk of clear cell adenocarcinoma in women aged 50 and above who were exposed to diethylstilbestrol (DES) in utero. The results showed a low incidence of DES-related cancers in women aged 50 and above, suggesting a need to reconsider the screening guidelines for these patients.
JOURNAL OF LOWER GENITAL TRACT DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kathryn A. Wagner, Christine W. St Laurent, Penelope Pekow, Bess Marcus, Milagros C. Rosal, Barry Braun, Joann E. Manson, Brian W. Whitcomb, Lynnette Leidy Sievert, Lisa Chasan-Taber
Summary: This study found that lifestyle interventions did not have a significant impact on cardiovascular disease risk or insulin resistance biomarkers among Hispanic women with abnormal glucose tolerance in the postpartum period. However, women who adhered to the intervention showed more favorable changes in insulin and HOMA-IR. Additionally, regardless of the intervention arm, women who engaged in more postpartum sports/exercise had a greater increase in HDL-cholesterol.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH
(2023)
