Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Soumyalekshmi Nair, Dominic Guanzon, Nanthini Jayabalan, Andrew Lai, Katherin Scholz-Romero, Priyakshi Kalita de Croft, Valeska Ormazabal, Carlos Palma, Emilio Diaz, Elizabeth A. McCarthy, Alexis Shub, Jezid Miranda, Eduard Gratacos, Fatima Crispi, Gregory Duncombe, Martha Lappas, H. David McIntyre, Gregory Rice, Carlos Salomon
Summary: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) poses a significant public health concern, affecting 9-15% of pregnancies worldwide. This study found that EV-associated miRNAs in GDM patients undergo significant changes during gestation and can be effectively used for classification. A set of proteins associated with JAK-STAT signaling in skeletal muscle biopsies from GDM patients was identified, which may be targeted by the miRNA-92a-3p carried by circulating EVs. Overexpression of miRNA-92a-3p was shown to increase insulin sensitivity in primary skeletal muscle cells.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Quiana C. Wilkerson-Vidal, Madushika Wimalarathne, Genoah Collins, James Gerard Wolfsberger, Amelia Clopp, Luis Mercado, Evann Fowler, Helen Gibson, Victoria McConnell, Sidney Martin, Emily C. Hunt, Bernhard Vogler, Sharifa T. Love-Rutledge
Summary: This study found that young adult 1WR1 rats develop impaired glucose tolerance due to poor regulation of insulin, possibly indicating underlying insulin resistance. After 8 weeks, 1WR1 rats showed significantly reduced glucose tolerance, increased body mass, and increased levels of circulating insulin and glucagon proteins. However, the beta cell area in the 1WR1 rats was significantly reduced.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jongsoo Mok, Tae Sub Park, Sunhong Kim, Daehoon Kim, Cheol Soo Choi, Joonghoon Park
Summary: The study found that Prokr1 plays an important role in skeletal muscle, improving insulin sensitivity and being a potential therapeutic target for ameliorating insulin resistance in skeletal muscle.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Paola A. Ramos, Kelli A. Lytle, Danae Delivanis, Soren Nielsen, Nathan K. LeBrasseur, Michael D. Jensen
Summary: The study found that there were no defects in insulin receptor signaling at the Akt/AS160 level in the muscles of obese individuals, indicating uncertainties in the mechanism of muscle insulin resistance in obesity.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nicholas A. Hulett, Rebecca L. Scalzo, Jane E. B. Reusch
Summary: This review examines the physiological mechanisms of glucose uptake in healthy individuals and individuals with type 2 diabetes, highlighting insulin resistance as a key factor. The review also emphasizes the importance of exercise in enhancing glucose uptake.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Etienne Delangre, Gaelle Pommier, Stefania Tolu, Benjamin Uzan, Danielle Bailbe, Jamileh Movassat
Summary: In this study, the effects of lithium chloride (LiCl) on glucocorticoid-induced metabolic disorders were investigated using rat models. The results showed that lithium significantly reduced insulin resistance and improved glucose tolerance, accompanied by decreased hepatic gluconeogenesis. In addition, lithium enhanced insulin secretion. These findings demonstrate the beneficial effects of lithium in mitigating the adverse metabolic effects of chronic glucocorticoid therapy.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stephanie N. Alu, Evan A. Los, George A. Ford, William L. Stone
Summary: Considerable evidence supports the role of oxidative stress in adult type 2 diabetes (T2D), and this will also affect more and more children. Understanding the factors contributing to oxidative stress and T2D risk may help develop optimal early intervention strategies. The combination of systems medicine and redoxomics holds promise in optimizing future healthcare strategies for T2D patients.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aiwen Jiang, Hongyun Guo, Xiaoyu Jiang, Jingli Tao, Wangjun Wu, Honglin Liu
Summary: This study reveals the down-regulation of G6PD during skeletal muscle development and explores its importance in myogenic differentiation. G6PD deficiency may provide a new perspective for the treatment of insulin resistance and type-2 diabetes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jerad Dumolt, Theresa L. Powell, Thomas Jansson, Fredrick J. Rosario
Summary: Infants born to obese mothers have a higher risk of childhood obesity and insulin resistance. Lower levels of maternal adiponectin, a hormone associated with placental nutrient transport and fetal overgrowth, contribute to these risks. Previous research showed that supplementing adiponectin in obese mice during pregnancy prevented obesity and metabolic dysfunction in their offspring. This study further demonstrates the importance of maternal adiponectin levels in the development of metabolic diseases in offspring and suggests that improving these levels could prevent long-term metabolic dysfunction in children of obese mothers.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Dewei Ye, Jiating Huang, Jiaming Wu, Kang Xie, Xiang Gao, Kaixuan Yan, Pengfei Zhang, Ying Tao, Yun Li, Shufei Zang, Xianglu Rong, Jun Li, Jiao Guo
Summary: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a condition characterized by high blood sugar and insulin resistance during the second or third trimester of pregnancy, which poses significant risks to both the mother and fetus. Through a study on a group of pregnant women with GDM and those with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), we discovered microbial and metabolic alterations associated with GDM. These findings provide insight into the mechanistic link between altered gut microbiota and GDM, and suggest that targeting the gut microbiota could be a promising intervention for GDM.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jyotsana Pandey, Kapil Dev, Sourav Chattopadhyay, Sleman Kadan, Tanuj Sharma, Rakesh Maurya, Sabyasachi Sanyal, Mohammad Imran Siddiqi, Hilal Zaid, Akhilesh Kumar Tamrakar
Summary: The study found that beta-sitosterol-3-O-D-glucopyranoside (BSD) isolated from the fruits of Cupressus sempervirens exhibits estrogenic activity, stimulating glucose utilization in skeletal muscle cells through a PI-3K/AKT-dependent mechanism, and enhancing GLUT4 translocation.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Cody D. Smith, Chien-Te Lin, Shawna L. McMillin, Luke A. Weyrauch, Cameron A. Schmidt, Cheryl A. Smith, Irwin J. Kurland, Carol A. Witczak, P. Darrell Neufer
Summary: Increasing flux through beta-oxidation in muscle without a corresponding increase in energy demand induces mitochondrial reductive stress and leads to metabolic dysregulation. Therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondrial oxidative stress may not only be ineffective but also detrimental to metabolic health.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jia-Luo Cai, Xiao-Ping Li, Yi-Lin Zhu, Gang-Qiang Yi, Wei Wang, Xin-Yu Chen, Gui-Ming Deng, Lei Yang, Hu-Zhi Cai, Qiao-Zhen Tong, Li Zhou, Mengying Tian, Xin-Hua Xia, Ping-an Liu
Summary: The study revealed that Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharides (PSP) improved inflammation and glucose uptake in PA-treated L6 myotubes by regulating miR-340-3p/IRAK3.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Elahe Zare, Parvaneh Kafshbani, Maryam Chenaghlou, Mehdi Noori, Zahra Ghaemmaghami, Ahmad Amin, Sepideh Taghavi, Nasim Naderi
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between IR and glucose intolerance with PH. The high prevalence of IR in PH patients was observed, but it was not an independent predictor of death.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Tamadher A. Alghamdi, Nicole A. J. Krentz, Nancy Smith, Aliya F. Spigelman, Varsha Rajesh, Alokkumar Jha, Mourad Ferdaoussi, Kunimasa Suzuki, Jing Yang, Jocelyn E. Manning Fox, Han Sun, Zijie Sun, Anna L. Gloyn, Patrick E. MacDonald
Summary: The Zmiz1 gene in beta cells is essential for maintaining normal glucose homeostasis. Genetic variations at the ZMIZ1 locus may affect the risk of type 2 diabetes by reducing the expansion of beta cell mass and the ability to maintain a mature beta cell state under metabolic stress.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Danielle K. Longmore, Angela Titmuss, Elizabeth Barr, Federica Barzi, Alison Simmonds, I-Lynn Lee, Eyvette Hawthorne, Ruth Derkenne, Christine Connors, Jacqueline Boyle, Paul Zimmet, Kerin O'Dea, Jeremy Oats, Harold D. McIntyre, Alex Brown, Jonathan Shaw, Louise J. Maple-Brown
Summary: This study assessed the growth trajectories of infants born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) according to breastfeeding and maternal hyperglycemia in pregnancy. The results showed that predominantly breastfed infants had lower BMI trajectories, and among GDM offspring, predominant breastfeeding was associated with lower weight-for-age at 14 months.
Article
Oncology
Kekoolani S. Visan, Richard J. Lobb, Shu Wen Wen, Justin Bedo, Luize G. Lima, Sophie Krumeich, Carlos Palma, Kaltin Ferguson, Ben Green, Colleen Niland, Nicole Cloonan, Peter T. Simpson, Amy E. McCart Reed, Sarah J. Everitt, Michael P. MacManus, Gunter Hartel, Carlos Salomon, Sunil R. Lakhani, David Fielding, Andreas Moeller
Summary: Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide and has low survival rates due to lack of early detection. A study on a lung cancer biomarker based on a simple blood test shows promising advantages for diagnostic assessment. The study identifies a specific micro-RNA, miR-3182, as a potential biomarker for lung cancer diagnosis that can be detected in the blood.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carlos Palma, H. David McIntyre, Carlos Salomon
Summary: Research on extracellular vesicles (EVs) has provided insights into physiological and pathophysiological conditions, particularly during pregnancy. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common and influential complication that affects the miRNAs and proteins within EVs, leading to metabolic changes.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Angela Titmuss, Anita D'Aprano, Federica Barzi, Alex D. H. Brown, Anna Wood, Christine Connors, Jacqueline A. Boyle, Elizabeth Moore, Kerin O'Dea, Jeremy Oats, H. David McIntyre, Paul Zimmet, Jonathan E. Shaw, Maria E. Craig, Louise J. Maple-Brown
Summary: This study found that hyperglycemia in pregnancy is associated with increased developmental risk in children, particularly in the areas of fine motor skills and problem-solving. The findings suggest that interventions targeting maternal hyperglycemia may help optimize developmental trajectories in children.
JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL ORIGINS OF HEALTH AND DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Faisal Altemani, Helen L. Barrett, Leonie K. Callaway, H. David McIntyre, Marloes Dekker Nitert
Summary: The abundance of nitrate-reducing bacteria in the oral microbiota is reduced in women who develop preeclampsia, indicating a potential pathway for prevention.
Article
Pediatrics
Angela Titmuss, Danielle K. Longmore, Federica Barzi, Elizabeth L. M. Barr, Vanya Webster, Anna Wood, Alison Simmonds, Alex D. H. Brown, Christine Connors, Jacqueline A. Boyle, Jeremy Oats, H. David McIntyre, Jonathan E. Shaw, Maria E. Craig, Louise J. Maple-Brown
Summary: This study found that children exposed to in utero hyperglycaemia have different growth trajectories in infancy compared to unexposed children, but similar weight and BMI by the end of follow-up. Children exposed to T2D had lower mean peak BMI in infancy.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Nina Meloncelli, Emma Shipton, Jenny Doust, Michael D'Emden, Harold David McIntyre, Leonie Callaway, Susan de Jersey
Summary: This study investigated the perceptions and use of COVID-19 changes to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) screening and diagnostic recommendations among healthcare professionals in Queensland. The findings revealed that clinicians had diverse opinions on the rapid changes, with some questioning the underlying evidence base while others continued to support the changes. Clinicians in areas with higher prevalence of GDM were more concerned about missed diagnoses.
AUSTRALIAN & NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anna J. Wood, I-Lynn Lee, Elizabeth L. M. Barr, Federica Barzi, Jacqueline A. Boyle, Christine Connors, Elizabeth Moore, Jeremy J. N. Oats, Harold D. McIntyre, Angela Titmuss, Alison Simmonds, Paul Z. Zimmet, Alex D. H. Brown, Sumaria Corpus, Jonathan E. Shaw, Louise J. Maple-Brown
Summary: This study aimed to determine the rates and predictors of postpartum diabetes screening among Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander and non-Indigenous women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The study found that postpartum screening rates were lower among Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander women compared to non-Indigenous women. Early postpartum screening should be prioritized to detect prediabetes and diabetes among high-risk populations.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Sumaiya Adam, Harold David McIntyre, Kit Ying Tsoi, Anil Kapur, Ronald C. Ma, Stephanie Dias, Pius Okong, Moshe Hod, Liona C. Poon, Graeme N. Smith, Lina Bergman, Esraa Algurjia, Patrick O'Brien, Virna P. Medina, Cynthia Maxwell, Lesley Regan, Mary L. Rosser, Bo Jacobsson, Mark A. Hanson, Sharleen L. O'Reilly, Fionnuala M. McAuliffe
Summary: Gestational diabetes (GDM) affects approximately 17 million pregnancies worldwide. Women with a history of GDM are at a significantly higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease compared to those without prior GDM. Although prevention and delayed progression of GDM to type 2 diabetes is possible, it is not widely practiced. Considering the increasing rates of type 2 diabetes and CVD in women globally, it is crucial to utilize pregnancy as an opportunity for early identification and preventive intervention.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGY & OBSTETRICS
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Cynthia Maxwell, Rachelle Shirley, Amy C. O'Higgins, Mary L. Rosser, Patrick O'Brien, Moshe Hod, Sharleen L. O'Reilly, Virna P. Medina, Graeme N. Smith, Mark A. Hanson, Sumaiya Adam, Ronald C. Ma, Anil Kapur, Harold David McIntyre, Bo Jacobsson, Liona C. Poon, Lina Bergman, Lesley Regan, Esraa Algurjia, Fionnuala M. McAuliffe
Summary: Obesity is a chronic, progressive, relapsing, and treatable neurobehavioral disease that affects women's health and requires a focus on optimizing health outcomes rather than weight loss. Appropriate and sensitive language, as well as trauma-informed care, is necessary when discussing obesity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGY & OBSTETRICS
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Liona C. Poon, Long Nguyen-Hoang, Graeme N. Smith, Lina Bergman, Patrick O'Brien, Moshe Hod, Pius Okong, Anil Kapur, Cynthia Maxwell, Harold David McIntyre, Bo Jacobsson, Esraa Algurjia, Mark A. Hanson, Mary L. Rosser, Ronald C. Ma, Sharleen L. O'Reilly, Lesley Regan, Sumaiya Adam, Virna P. Medina, Fionnuala M. McAuliffe
Summary: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are the leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, accounting for 16% of maternal deaths in high-income countries and approximately 25% in low- and middle-income countries. HDP increases the risk of future cardiovascular disease. Failure to achieve normal cardiovascular adaptation during pregnancy is associated with the development of HDP. Women with a history of HDP may experience long-term hemodynamic alterations, predisposing them to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Therefore, it is crucial to identify underlying cardiovascular risk factors during pregnancy and the postpartum period and develop strategies for lifestyle and therapeutic interventions to reduce the risk of future cardiovascular disease in women with a history of HDP.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGY & OBSTETRICS
(2023)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Sarah Louise Killeen, Niamh Donnellan, Sharleen L. O'Reilly, Mark A. Hanson, Mary L. Rosser, Virna P. Medina, Chandni Maria Jacob, Hema Divakar, Moshe Hod, Liona C. Poon, Lina Bergman, Patrick O'Brien, Anil Kapur, Bo Jacobsson, Cynthia Maxwell, Harold David McIntyre, Lesley Regan, Esraa Algurjia, Ronald C. Ma, Sumaiya Adam, Fionnuala M. McAuliffe
Summary: The period before and during pregnancy is crucial for addressing malnutrition and reducing noncommunicable disease risks. The FIGO Nutrition Checklist is a tool designed to address these issues by assessing dietary requirements, body mass index, diet quality, and micronutrients. It generates awareness, identifies risks, and collects information for health-promoting conversations between women and healthcare professionals.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGY & OBSTETRICS
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Josephine G. Laurie, Shelley A. Wilkinson, Harold D. Mcintyre, Centaine Snoswell
Summary: This study conducted a cost-minimisation analysis comparing a novel, digital-based model for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) management with conventional care. The results showed that the intervention group using the digital model achieved a modest health service cost saving of approximately AU$17,441.78 (US$12,158.92) over a 12-month period, while patients saved approximately $566.56 (US$394.96) per patient. Overall, the introduction of the digital-based model resulted in a total saving of $679,872 (US$473,948.82) for the cohort of 1200 women.
AUSTRALIAN & NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Josephine G. Laurie, Shelley A. Wilkinson, Alison Griffin, Harold D. McIntyre
Summary: This study implemented a novel digital model of care for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and found that it provided similar clinical outcomes to traditional care, while also improving efficiency. The digital model of care has the potential for generalizability to culturally diverse GDM patients and offers important insights for service redesign in the digital era.
AUSTRALIAN & NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY
(2023)