Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiang Zou, Shugui Hou, Shuangye Wu, Hongxi Pang, Ke Liu, Wangbin Zhang, Jinhai Yu, Jing Song, Renhui Huang, Yaping Liu
Summary: This study presents an analysis of the Zangser Kangri ice core, providing a record of ammonium and nitrate concentrations over the past millennium. The results show that the variation of nitrogen species in the ice core is mainly driven by dust activities and biogenic emissions. Furthermore, seasonal air mass backward trajectories and wind fields indicate that the transport of nitrogen species is influenced by the westerly and the South Asia summer monsoon.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ursula A. Jongebloed, Andrew J. Schauer, Shohei Hattori, Jihong Cole-Dai, Carleigh G. Larrick, Sara Salimi, Shana R. Edouard, Lei Geng, Becky Alexander
Summary: This study quantifies the contribution of anthropogenic sulfur emissions to sulfate in a Greenland ice core. Using sulfur isotopes, the researchers were able to separate anthropogenic sulfate from natural sources and observed changes in anthropogenic sulfate concentration over time. These findings are important for evaluating the impact of anthropogenic sulfate aerosols on climate change.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Franklin S. Mairura, Collins M. Musafiri, Milka N. Kiboi, Joseph M. Macharia, Onesmus K. Ng'etich, Chris A. Shisanya, Jeremiah M. Okeyo, Daniel N. Mugendi, Elizabeth A. Okwuosa, Felix K. Ngetich
Summary: This study examined the perceptions of farmers in the Central Highlands of Kenya regarding climate variability and the adoption of coping strategies. The study found that farmers perceived various indicators of climate variability and its consequences, with soil and water management strategies showing stronger links with climate perceptions. Key strategies adopted by farmers included the use of fertilizer and manure in combination, terracing, and crop rotation.
WEATHER AND CLIMATE EXTREMES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mojmir Vasek, Marek Brabec, Petr Blabolil, Martin Cech, Vladislav Drastik, Tomas Juza, Jan Kubecka, Milan Muska, Jiri Peterka, Marie Prchalova, Milan Riha, Josef Hejzlar
Summary: This study found that the 815N values in fish scales can serve as sensitive bioindicators of anthropogenic nitrogen inputs from catchment areas to freshwater ecosystems. Therefore, measuring the 815N values of fish scales could be an effective method for monitoring nitrogen pollution in aquatic environments.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lei Liu, Wen Xu, Xiankai Lu, Buqing Zhong, Yixin Guo, Xiao Lu, Yuanhong Zhao, Wei He, Songhan Wang, Xiuying Zhang, Xuejun Liu, Peter Vitousek
Summary: Global agricultural ammonia emissions have increased significantly in the past four decades, with cropland and livestock emissions playing a major role. Wheat, maize, rice, cattle, chicken, goats, and pigs are identified as the main contributors to ammonia emissions. The lack of regulations on ammonia emissions has led to increased reduced nitrogen deposition, particularly in hotspot regions such as China, India, and the United States, where nitrogen overuse is prevalent. Reducing agricultural ammonia emissions is crucial for future efforts to reduce nitrogen deposition.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Dan Wu, Fenfen Zhang, Xiaodi Zhang, Xiubao Li, Hui Huang, Huan Feng, Jing Zhang
Summary: Stable isotopes (delta C-13 and delta N-15) in black coral serve as useful indicators for environmental records, with studies showing variations in climate and environmental changes over the past 110 years. This research suggests that black coral could be a new proxy indicator for climate changes related to anthropogenic activities.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yu Zhao, Mengxiao Xi, Qiang Zhang, Zhaoxin Dong, Mingrui Ma, Kaiyue Zhou, Wen Xu, Jia Xing, Bo Zheng, Zhang Wen, Xuejun Liu, Chris P. Nielsen, Yang Liu, Yuepeng Pan, Lei Zhang
Summary: Combining emissions inventory, air quality model, and statistical model, this study finds that the deposition of sulfate and nitrate in China has declined more slowly compared to the emissions of their precursors, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. The complex and evolving relationship between emission sources and the depositional sinks of air pollutants in China is attributed to rapid industrialization and pollution control measures over the past 15 years. Factors influencing the slower decline of deposition include increased precipitation, enhanced air pollution transport, and changing aerosol chemistry.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sandra Pool, Felix Frances, Alberto Garcia-Prats, Cristina Puertes, Manuel Pulido-Velazquez, Carles Sanchis-Ibor, Mario Schirmer, Hong Yang, Joaquin Jimenez-Martinez
Summary: Agriculture in the Mediterranean climate faces challenges in terms of water demand and fertilizer losses. This study explores the performance of different irrigation-fertilizer practices in Valencia, Spain, over a fifty-year period. The results show the variability in groundwater recharge and nitrogen leaching, as well as the impact of precipitation on the long-term performance of irrigation practices. The findings can guide the development of sustainable water management strategies in Mediterranean agricultural areas.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Wei Song, Xue-Yan Liu
Summary: In this study, concentrations and δ15N values of emitted NOx and NO3- from biomass burning were measured in northern China. The study filled the knowledge gap of species-specific δ15N signatures of NOx produced by biomass burning, expanded the understanding of N isotope fractionations during burning processes, and provided critical parameters for isotope source apportionment of NOx and NO3- in the atmosphere.
APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Kwang-Hyung Kim, Chris D. Hewitt, Hideki Kanamaru, Jorge Alvar-Beltran, Ana Heureux, Sook-Young Park, Min-Hye Jung, Robert Stefanski
Summary: Agricultural stakeholders can effectively manage climate change risks and opportunities by enhancing climate services. Providing and using climate information is key to addressing the climate challenge. Climate services are now integral to global frameworks and various sectors.
BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Stuart K. Grange, Jorg Sintermann, Christoph Hueglin
Summary: Ammonia concentrations in Europe have not shown significant decreases despite management efforts, as indicated by a study in Switzerland and Liechtenstein. Trends analysis showed that 91% of the sites experienced no change or increasing NH3 concentrations. This conflicts with the reduction in NH3 emissions reported in the Swiss emission inventory.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yasheng Shi, Yuming Hu, Zanfang Jin, Jiawen Li, Junfeng Zhang, Feili Li
Summary: Understanding the factors governing dual isotopes in typhoons is crucial for understanding their NO3- sources and formation mechanisms. This study collected precipitation samples during typhoons and measured the chemical compositions, nitrogen and oxygen isotopes of NO3- and oxygen isotopes of H2O. The results showed the importance of peroxy radicals in NOx oxidation pathways and the influence of marine NOx sources. The Bayesian model demonstrated the contributions of different sources in typhoon NOx. This research provides valuable insights into the NOx sources of typhoons and highlights the importance of RO2 (or HO2) in oxidation pathways.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yue Tan, Tao Wang
Summary: This study analyzed the impact of the citywide lockdown in Shanghai in April and May 2022 on ozone (O-3) concentrations. Despite reductions in nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and formaldehyde (HCHO) concentrations, the study found that the ozone concentrations increased during the lockdown period. The results suggest that future emission reductions alone may not be sufficient to eliminate ozone pollution in urban areas without additional control measures for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) or substantial decreases in NOx emissions.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yongzhi Li, Jing Liu, Christian George, Hartmut Herrmann, Mengna Gu, Muhan Yang, Yanjun Wang, Abdelwahid Mellouki, Yuepeng Pan, Joseph David Felix, Hiroto Kawashima, Zhongyi Zhang, Shuguang Wang, Yang Zeng
Summary: Mitigating ammonia emissions is a significant challenge, and accurately identifying the sources of ammonia pollution is crucial for guiding pollution reduction policies.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
Yurij K. Vasil'chuk, Julia N. Chizhova, Nadine A. Budantseva, Anna N. Kurchatova, Victor V. Rogov, Alla C. Vasilchuk
Summary: This study investigates the distribution of stable isotopes in ice cores of two pingos in northwest Siberia, revealing that the Pestsovoe pingo formed under a closed system while the Messoyakha-1 pingo exhibited isotopically nonequilibrium ice formation. The formation process of the ice cores suggests the involvement of a vacuum mechanism in water suction from surrounding lake or talik during the growth of the Messoyakha-1 pingo.
PERMAFROST AND PERIGLACIAL PROCESSES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Danielle E. Blum, Wendell W. Walters, Gamze Eris, Masayuki Takeuchi, Lewis G. Huey, David Tanner, Weiqi Xu, Jean C. Rivera-Rios, Fobang Liu, Nga Lee Ng, Meredith G. Hastings
Summary: The family of atmospheric oxides of nitrogen, NOy, plays an influential role in atmospheric chemistry, climate, and the environment. The nitrogen and oxygen stable isotopes of NOy have the potential to track emission sources and quantify oxidation chemistry. This study presents a new method using a sampling apparatus to simultaneously capture multiple NOy species for accurate measurement of concentration and isotopic composition.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Carsten Warneke, Joshua P. Schwarz, Jack Dibb, Olga Kalashnikova, Gregory Frost, Jassim Al-Saad, Steven S. Brown, Wm Alan Brewer, Amber Soja, Felix C. Seidel, Rebecca A. Washenfelder, Elizabeth B. Wiggins, Richard H. Moore, Bruce E. Anderson, Carolyn Jordan, Tara Yacovitch, Scott C. Herndon, Shang Liu, Toshihiro Kuwayama, Daniel Jaffe, Nancy Johnston, Vanessa Selimovic, Robert Yokelson, David M. Giles, Brent N. Holben, Philippe Goloub, Ioana Popovici, Michael Trainer, Aditya Kumar, R. Bradley Pierce, David Fahey, James Roberts, Emily M. Gargulinski, David A. Peterson, Xinxin Ye, Laura H. Thapa, Pablo E. Saide, Charles H. Fite, Christopher D. Holmes, Siyuan Wang, Matthew M. Coggon, Zachary C. J. Decker, Chelsea E. Stockwell, Lu Xu, Georgios Gkatzelis, Kenneth Aikin, Barry Lefer, Jackson Kaspari, Debora Griffin, Linghan Zeng, Rodney Weber, Meredith Hastings, Jiajue Chai, Glenn M. Wolfe, Thomas F. Hanisco, Jin Liao, Pedro Campuzano Jost, Hongyu Guo, Jose L. Jimenez, James Crawford
Summary: The NOAA/NASA Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments and Air Quality (FIREX-AQ) experiment aimed to study the impact of fires on regional and global environments and air quality. The experiment measured trace gas and aerosol emissions, observed fire dynamics, assessed fire modeling, and examined connections to ground and satellite observables. The experiment involved aircraft, satellites, mobile laboratories, and ground sites.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Tianxiao Ma, Yu Liang, Zhouyuan Li, Zhihua Liu, Bo Liu, Mia M. Wu, Matthew K. Lau, Yunting Fang
Summary: This study identified the age-related pattern and key climatic driving factors of drought-induced mortality for dominant tree species in Northeast China. The findings revealed that the mean annual rate of forest drought-induced mortality in the region was 0.49%, with higher rates in certain areas. Heatwaves were found to have a significant impact on tree mortality, affecting around 91.60% of the forest region in Northeast China.
AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Xiufen Li, Xin Wang, Yunting Fang, Dongwei Liu, Kai Huang, Peilin Wang, Jinxin Zhang, Tao Yan
Summary: This study examines the phenological responses of three temperate tree species under different levels of warming. It finds that warming advances budburst and leaf unfolding, but only delays autumn leaf senescence in one species. The study also suggests that warming affects the competitiveness of tree species and may have implications for tree recruitment and forest structure and composition.
AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yongxue Yan, Xiaohan Dong, Renshan Li, Yankuan Zhang, Shaokui Yan, Xin Guan, Qingpeng Yang, Longchi Chen, Yunting Fang, Weidong Zhang, Silong Wang
Summary: Enhancing rock weathering through the addition of silicate rock powder to soil has been proposed as an effective method to remove CO2 from the atmosphere. However, the impact of silicate rock powder on the stability of soil organic carbon and its effectiveness in mitigating CO2 emissions is not well understood. This study evaluated the response of soil CO2 efflux to wollastonite addition in different land-use types in a subtropical region of China. The results showed that wollastonite addition significantly increased soil CO2 efflux, with soil properties playing a major role in this response. The findings suggest that the application of wollastonite may lead to increased mineralization of soil organic carbon in acidic soil, potentially weakening the effectiveness of enhanced rock weathering as a CO2 sequestration tool.
Article
Ecology
Richard B. Primack, Tara K. Miller, Carina Terry, Erika Marin-Spiotta, Pamela H. Templer, Asmeret Asefaw Berhe, Emily J. Diaz Vallejo, Meredith G. Hastings, Vicki J. Magley, Allison Mattheis, Blair B. Schneider, Rebecca T. Barnes
Summary: Hostile workplaces undermine efforts to make the ecological sciences more inclusive and welcoming, as revealed in survey responses by members of the Ecological Society of America (ESA) and subscribers to the ECOLOG-L listserv. Historically excluded groups in ecology, including scientists of color, women, LGBQPA+ individuals, and those with disabilities, were 1.5 times more likely to encounter negative workplace experiences compared to their counterparts. They were also more likely to opt out of professional opportunities, consider leaving their institution, and consider a career change. Recommendations are provided for addressing interpersonal mistreatment through culture and policy changes.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Soil Science
Rong Sheng, Huifang Xu, Xiaoyi Xing, Wenzhao Zhang, Haijun Hou, Hongling Qin, Yi Liu, Limei Zhang, Yunting Fang, Jupei Shen, Jakob Pernthaler, Wenxue Wei, Baoli Zhu
Summary: The influence of parent materials on soil bacterial communities in agricultural soils was investigated. Different soil types were found to support distinct bacterial communities. The characteristics inherited from parent materials explained more of the variation in bacterial community structure than soil management variables and climate conditions.
Article
Environmental Studies
Dongwei Liu, Shanlong Li, Weixing Zhu, Yongyang Wang, Shasha Zhang, Yunting Fang
Summary: This study investigates the vertical distribution and mineral protection mechanisms of soil organic carbon (SOC) in secondary mixed forest (MF) and larch plantation forest (LF) in northeastern China. SOC is mainly stored in mineral soils, with differences in stock between the two forest types. The increasing proportion of SOC in microaggregates and MAOM along the soil depth influences SOC stability.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alexandra B. Macfarland, Emily E. Joyce, Xuchen Wang, Wendell W. Walters, Katye E. Altieri, Hayley N. Schiebel, Meredith G. Hastings
Summary: Determining the magnitude and origins of anthropogenic nitrogen deposition in the open ocean is crucial for understanding its impact on oceanic biogeochemical cycles. This study investigates the contribution of anthropogenic and marine sources to reactive nitrogen deposition in the North Pacific Ocean, focusing on ammonium (NH4+), a key bioavailable nutrient. Agricultural activities are found to be the primary source of NH4+ deposited in the study area, which serves as a proxy for continental emissions.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Emily Joyce, Sawyer Balint, Wendell Walters, Nebila Lichiheb, Mark Heuer, LaToya Myles, Brian Heikes, Meredith Hastings
Summary: A recent study quantified the dry deposition of ammonia (NH3(g)) and particulate ammonium (p-NH4+) in Narragansett Bay using a relaxed eddy accumulation sampling technique. It was found that dry deposition of NHx constitutes 9.6% of total nitrogen (N) deposition. Additionally, during the fall season, the dominant flux direction for NH3(g) is upward, which has implications for urban air quality.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Heejeong Kim, Wendell W. Walters, Claire Bekker, Lee T. Murray, Meredith G. Hastings
Summary: The northeastern US is heavily impacted by urbanization and high fossil fuel combustion emissions, resulting in historically degraded air quality and acid rain. Understanding the chemistry of atmospheric nitrate formation is crucial for improving atmospheric chemistry models and air quality. Oxygen isotope measurements of nitric acid and particulate nitrate provide valuable information on the pathways of nitrate formation.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Claire Bekker, Wendell W. Walters, Lee T. Murray, Meredith G. Hastings
Summary: This study investigates the spatiotemporal distribution of atmospheric nitrates in the northeastern US using air mass back trajectory analysis and nitrogen stable isotopes. The results show consistent seasonal patterns in nitric acid and particulate nitrate concentrations, with spatial differences attributed to emission densities in source regions. Additionally, the stable isotope variations of atmospheric nitrates are mainly controlled by nitrate formation pathways and fractionation with nitrogen oxides.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhihua Liu, Wen J. Wang, Ashley Ballantyne, Hong S. He, Xugao Wang, Shuguang Liu, Philippe Ciais, Michael C. Wimberly, Shilong Piao, Kailiang Yu, Qichao Yao, Yu Liang, Zhiwei Wu, Yunting Fang, Anping Chen, Wenru Xu, Jiaojun Zhu
Summary: According to satellite data, the rate, frequency, and extent of forest disturbances in China decreased from 1986 to 2020, possibly due to forest protection policies. However, while these disturbances intensified in the southeast, they weakened in the northeast.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wendell W. Walters, Meredith G. Hastings
Summary: A new method was developed to measure the oxygen isotopes of nitrite by reducing nitrate using activated cadmium in a basic solution while conserving Delta(17O). The products were then analyzed for Delta(17O) quantification, providing a valuable technique for investigating environmental contaminants and nutrients.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Meixia Gao, Feifei Zhu, Erik A. Hobbie, Weixing Zhu, Shanlong Li, Geshere A. Gurmesa, Ang Wang, Xiaoming Fang, Jiaojun Zhu, Per Gundersen, Kai Huang, Zhou Wu, Yunting Fang
Summary: This study reveals that N deposition promotes tree growth and carbon allocation into wood in temperate and boreal forests in China and worldwide. This suggests that N deposition may enhance forest carbon sequestration through increased wood production and allocation of carbon into stable sinks.
PLANTS PEOPLE PLANET
(2023)