Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Usama Mohamed, Ying-jie Zhao, Qun Yi, Li-juan Shi, Guo-qing Wei, William Nimmo
Summary: The study examined the life cycle energy use, CO2 emissions, and cost input of biomass gasification and biomass/coal gasification power generation plants, comparing them with coal combustion technologies. Gasification power plants demonstrated lower energy input and CO2 emissions but higher costs, while coal power plants showed lower energy and cost input but higher CO2 emissions.
Article
Thermodynamics
Eric Falascino, Rushikesh K. Joshi, Louann Kovach, Lindsay Isom, Andrew Tong, Liang-Shih Fan
Summary: This work explores the advances in OSU's BTS technology for hydrogen production, finding that adjusting residence time and steam injection can improve hydrogen yield and tar content. The application of modularization for process integration can increase efficiency, but decrease syngas purity, while adding low-oxygen feedstocks can increase hydrogen yield.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Oscar Condori, Alberto Abad, Maria T. Izquierdo, Luis F. de Diego, Francisco Garcia-Labiano, Juan Adanez
Summary: In this study, the Biomass Chemical Looping Gasification (BCLG) process was evaluated using wheat straw pellets and ilmenite as the fuel feedstock and oxygen carrier respectively. The effect of different operational variables on process performance and syngas yield was analyzed, and no agglomeration issues were observed during the smooth operation of the CLG unit. The oxygen transference rate in the fuel reactor was found to be the main factor affecting syngas yield and cold gas efficiency.
Article
Thermodynamics
Alberto Navajas, Teresa Mendiara, Luis M. Gandia, Alberto Abad, Francisco Garcia-Labiano, Luis F. de Diego
Summary: Power-to-methane (PtM) systems can smooth out fluctuations in renewable energy supply by storing surplus energy as methane. By combining hydrogen and carbon dioxide, these systems can produce methane through a chemical reaction. The study found that PtM systems based on CO2 from biomass have the potential to reduce global warming potential and effectively remove CO2 from the atmosphere through negative emissions.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Nhut Minh Nguyen, Falah Alobaid, Paul Dieringer, Bernd Epple
Summary: Biomass gasification is a promising renewable energy source that can replace fossil fuels, but faces challenges such as tar formation and low efficiency. Chemical looping gasification is considered a suitable pathway for producing valuable products from biomass. The review paper provides insights into the recent developments of biomass-based chemical looping gasification process.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Mogahid Osman, Mohammed N. Khan, Abdelghafour Zaabout, Schalk Cloete, Shahriar Amini
Summary: Pressurized operation plays a crucial role in chemical looping systems and has been studied extensively. The impact of pressure on reaction kinetics is less significant than previously believed. Further research is needed to determine the most effective reactor configurations and techno-economic assessments for pressurized chemical looping processes.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Haochen Sun, Zhiqing Wang, Yitian Fang, Zheyu Liu, Libo Dong, Xing Zhou, Zhongliang Yu, Xiangyu Li, Jin Bai, Jiejie Huang
Summary: The study proposed a novel Fe-based CO2-gasification process for biomass, finding that CO2 has opposite effects on oxygen transfer capacity and carbon conversion rate, with an inflection point at around 20% concentration. Additionally, CO2 and oxygen carrier synergistically enhance tar cracking.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jianzheng Xu, Tao Song
Summary: This study conducted experiments and modeling on the CO2-gasification of rice husk char using a bed of red mud oxygen-carrier. The effects of oxygen carrier, temperature, and CO2 concentration were evaluated and modeled. The results showed that the red mud significantly enhanced the gasification of char. A model coupling the kinetics of char gasification and mass transfers within and surrounding the char was established and showed a good agreement with experimental results. The study also revealed the presence of mass transfer resistance within the char particle, which led to pore structure changes at a carbon conversion of about 0.3.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jichao Li, Wei Han, Peijing Li, Wenjing Ma, Xiaodong Xue, Hongguang Jin
Summary: This study proposes a high-efficiency coal-based power generation system with CO2 capture by using cascading coal gasification and stepwise utilization of thermal energy, which reduces oxygen consumption and partially oxidized coal, achieving clean, efficient, decarbonized electricity.
Article
Thermodynamics
Hossein Farajollahi, Siamak Hossainpour
Summary: This study evaluates the effect of co-combustion of woody biomass and coal on the techno-economic performance of a 300 MWth in-situ gasification chemical looping combustion power plant. The results show that increasing biomass share can enhance the CO2 capture efficiency and coal conversion, achieving negative CO2 emissions with high biomass share. The integrated systems of supercritical CO2 cycle and Organic Rankine cycle improve the net electrical efficiency of the plant.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Hossein Farajollahi, Siamak Hossainpour
Summary: A 300 MWth iG-CLC unit was designed for solid fuel combustion and CO2 separation process. The study analyzed the impact of operating parameters on the unit's performance and found that controlling gas composition, reactor temperature, solid inventory, and particle size can lead to high CO2 capture efficiency and power generation.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ivana Stanicic, Joakim Brorsson, Anders Hellman, Tobias Mattisson, Rainer Backman
Summary: Chemical looping combustion (CLC) enables efficient combustion of hydrocarbon fuels while producing a gas stream with high CO2 concentrations. This paper investigates the fate of ash elements in a system using iron-based oxygen carriers and provides a comprehensive comparison with previous experimental data. The study finds that the choice of oxygen carriers significantly influences the behavior of ash elements.
Article
Thermodynamics
Shiyi Chen, Nan Zhou, Mudi Wu, Shubo Chen, Wenguo Xiang
Summary: This paper investigates the integration of a natural gas-fueled MCFC with internal reforming and chemical looping air separation (CLAS) to achieve high-efficiency power generation with CO2 capture. The system is analyzed for thermodynamic and economic performance, and the results show the plant net power efficiency, CO2 capture rate, and cost of electricity.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Guang Li, Shuqi Ma, Fan Liu, Xing Zhou, Kai Wang, Yulong Zhang
Summary: The research focuses on the life cycle water footprint of producing syngas through chemical looping gasification of corn straw and wheat straw, showing that crop growth stage and different allocation methods significantly impact total water consumption. Sensitivity analysis suggests that water consumption of crop yield and growth can have opposite effects on water consumption efficiency.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Xueqi Zhang, Alex C. K. Yip, Shusheng Pang
Summary: This review discusses the investigation of active metal-based materials (AMMs) as CO2 sorbents or oxygen carriers (OCs) to enhance hydrogen production in biomass-based chemical looping processes. CaO-based sorbents and Fe-based OCs are widely used in this field, and this review focuses on these two types of materials. CaO-based sorbents promote the water-gas shift reaction for H2 generation with in-situ CO2 removal, while OCs oxidize biomass to release CO, a reactant in the water-gas shift reaction. Fe-based OCs enhance H2 yield through iron-steam reactions. AMMs have catalytic activity for tar cracking, generating more H2. However, sintering over cycles limits their industrial-scale utilization, which is addressed by the addition of support materials. The review assesses the impacts of CaO sorbents and OCs on H2 production, examines material behavior, cyclic performance, and applications in biomass-based chemical looping processes, and proposes the mechanism of support materials as reactivity enhancers and sintering inhibitors. The effects of operating conditions on H2 yield are summarized in Supplementary materials.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Mustafa Ercelik, Mohammed S. Ismail, Derek B. Ingham, Kevin J. Hughes, Lin Ma, Mohamed Pourkashanian
Summary: Nickel foams are excellent candidate materials for gas diffusion layers in polymer electrolyte fuel cells due to their superior structural and transport properties. A computational framework has been developed to estimate these properties and investigate their uniformity and isotropy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hossein S. Saraee, Kevin J. Hughes, Si Shi, Derek B. Ingham, Mohammed Pourkashanian
Summary: This paper develops a new compact mechanism for iso-dodecane that is validated against experimental data over a wide range of temperatures, pressures, and equivalence ratios. The mechanism shows excellent agreement with the empirical data, with a maximum discrepancy of 1.7 observed at 750 K under rich condition at 15 bar. The mechanism has the potential to be used for further investigations and complex combustion systems.
Article
Energy & Fuels
James M. Harman-Thomas, Touqeer Anwar Kashif, Kevin J. Hughes, Mohamed Pourkashanian, Aamir Farooq
Summary: Experimental data on ignition delay times (IDTs) of syngas in CO2 diluted conditions were obtained. It was found that the reaction of CO2 and H to form CO and OH caused the separation of H2 and CO ignition, increasing the complexity of determining the IDTs. A method to determine simulated IDTs was proposed for effective comparison with experimental data.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
James M. Harman-Thomas, Derek B. Ingham, Kevin J. Hughes, Mohamed Pourkashanian
Summary: The UoS sCO(2) 2.1 mechanism has been developed to predict the ignition delay time (IDT) of methane combustion at high pressures by adding rate coefficients of new potential CH3O2 reactions. It has been shown that CH3O2 has the greatest influence on IDT at high pressures and low temperatures.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jinbei Tian, Mohammed S. Ismail, Derek Ingham, Kevin J. Hughes, Lin Ma, Mohamed Pourkashanian
Summary: This study investigates the impact of three different flow channel cross sections on fuel cell performance. The results show that the novel hybrid configuration with a square cross section at the inlet and trapezoidal cross section at the outlet has a slight performance gain due to increased velocity, improving reactant gas supply, heat dissipation, and excess water removal. Reducing the outlet height of the hybrid configuration further enhances fuel cell performance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NUMERICAL METHODS FOR HEAT & FLUID FLOW
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Yunus Celik, Derek Ingham, Lin Ma, Mohamed Pourkashanian
Summary: The study introduces a new hybrid blade design for the Darrieus vertical axis wind turbine, combining a conventional airfoil with a J-shaped profile to enhance torque generation during start-up and mitigate efficiency loss at higher tip speed ratios. A 2D-based design methodology is proposed, and through it, different hybrid blade configurations are investigated for overall and self-starting performance. A 3D CFD dynamic start-up model is built to evaluate performance and the results show that the proposed design methodology enables quicker prediction of aerodynamic performance compared to 3D-based CFD simulations. Additionally, the new hybrid blade designs not only resolve self-starting issues but also improve turbine operating range and peak efficiency.
JOURNAL OF FLUIDS AND STRUCTURES
(2023)
Review
Thermodynamics
L. Jiang, W. Liu, R. Q. Wang, A. Gonzalez-Diaz, M. F. Rojas-Michaga, S. Michailos, M. Pourkashanian, X. J. Zhang, C. Font-Palma
Summary: Direct air capture (DAC) is gaining momentum as a promising carbon capture technology due to its vast potential and flexibility in collecting CO2 from discrete sources. This paper comprehensively discusses the state-of-the-art of DAC and CO2 utilization, highlights unresolved technical challenges, and provides perspectives for commercial large-scale applications.
PROGRESS IN ENERGY AND COMBUSTION SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Karim Rabea, Stavros Michailos, Godfrey T. Udeh, Jiseon Park, YongWoon Lee, Seongil Kim, Won Yang, Kevin J. Hughes, Lin Ma, Mohamed Pourkashanian
Summary: This study presents a new hybrid renewable energy system for a smart farm in South Korea, which includes solar PV arrays, heat pumps, thermal energy storage tanks, and a wood pellet boiler. The system is economically feasible and significantly reduces CO2 emissions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ali J. Sultan, Derek B. Ingham, Lin Ma, Kevin J. Hughes, Mohamed Pourkashanian
Summary: This study presents a detailed analysis and optimization of wind power implementation in Kuwait through techno-economic assessment. The findings suggest that the predictable cyclic behavior of wind speed and direction can benefit wind power generation. The optimal configurations are determined by evaluating different row numbers and layout angles, impacting factors such as Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) and annual energy production.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qun Yi, Mingyue Qiu, Xiaoyu Sun, Haonan Wu, Yi Huang, Hongxue Xu, Tielin Wang, William Nimmo, Tian Tang, Lijuan Shi, Hongbo Zeng
Summary: Janus membranes with regulable asymmetric wettability are fabricated through a water-assisted assembly method. The membranes exhibit intelligent vapor response and rapid unidirectional water transport.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hossein S. Saraee, Kevin J. Hughes, Mohammed Pourkashanian
Summary: Developing a compact chemical kinetic mechanism for heavy hydrocarbons is important for practical investigation of fuels. The proposed simplified mechanism can accurately predict the ignition behavior and burning characteristics of isocetane, a important component of jet and diesel fuels.
JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Nik Nor Aznizam Nik Norizam, Xin Yang, Derek Ingham, Janos Szuhanszki, Won Yang, Joao Rezende, Lin Ma, Mohamed Pourkashanian
Summary: Ash deposition-related issues in biomass-fired utility boilers can cause thermal transfer problems and corrosion. Existing models for assessing biomass slagging propensities lack a general applicable method without extensive experimental testing. This study proposes a predictive slagging index, In, based on thermodynamic equilibrium modeling and partial least squares regression (PLSR) with cross-validation. The new index demonstrates higher success rate in predicting woody biomass slagging propensity compared to conventional indices, and also accurately predicts the slagging propensities for herbaceous biomass and blended fuel.
JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Fernando Ruscillo, Kun Zhang, Mohammed S. Ismail, Kevin J. Hughes, Derek B. Ingham, Lin Ma, Mohamed Pourkashanian
Summary: This study experimentally evaluated the impact of a double-sided microporous layer coating on gas diffusion layers in terms of their key properties and fuel cell performance. The results showed that the electrical conductivity and gas permeability of the GDLs were influenced by the microporous layer coating. There was little difference in the results based on the type of carbon black used. Fuel cell testing demonstrated different performances under different humidity conditions for the double-sided and single-sided coated GDLs.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Charlie Adams, Ehsan Alborzi, Xue Yong, Simon Blakey, Anthony J. H. M. Meijer, Mohamed Pourkashanian
Summary: A combination of experimental and quantum chemical techniques confirmed the theory that sulfur acids are the initial species to deposit on stainless steel.
Article
Thermodynamics
Karim Rabea, Stavros Michailos, Kevin J. Hughes, Derek Ingham, Mohamed Pourkashanian
Summary: This study assesses the technical feasibility of hydrogen production through biomass gasification in a two-stage gasification system. It utilizes reliable kinetic models and achieves validation and sensitivity analysis of the gasifier kinetic model. The process is found to have a net negative carbon footprint and heat integration improves the energy conversion efficiency of the system.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yong Cheng, Fukai Song, Lei Fu, Saishuai Dai, Zhiming Yuan, Atilla Incecik
Summary: This paper investigates the accessibility of wave energy absorption by a dual-pontoon floating breakwater integrated with hybrid-type wave energy converters (WECs) and proposes a hydraulic-pneumatic complementary energy extraction method. The performance of the system is validated through experiments and comparative analysis.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jing Gao, Chao Wang, Zhanwu Wang, Jin Lin, Runkai Zhang, Xin Wu, Guangyin Xu, Zhenfeng Wang
Summary: This study aims to establish a new integrated method for biomass cogeneration project site selection, with a focus on the application of the model in Henan Province. By integrating Geographic Information System and Multiple Criterion Decision Making methods, the study conducts site selection in two stages, providing a theoretical reference for the construction of biomass cogeneration projects.
Article
Thermodynamics
Mert Temiz, Ibrahim Dincer
Summary: The current study presents a hybrid small modular nuclear reactor and solar-based system for sustainable communities, integrating floating and bifacial photovoltaic arrays with a small modular reactor. The system efficiently generates power, hydrogen, ammonia, freshwater, and heat for residential, agricultural, and aquaculture facilities. Thermodynamic analysis shows high energy and exergy efficiencies, as well as large-scale ammonia production meeting the needs of metropolitan areas. The hybridization of nuclear and solar technologies offers advantages of reliability, environmental friendliness, and cost efficiency compared to renewable-alone and fossil-based systems.
Editorial Material
Thermodynamics
Wojciech Stanek, Wojciech Adamczyk
Article
Thermodynamics
Desheng Xu, Yanfeng Li, Tianmei Du, Hua Zhong, Youbo Huang, Lei Li, Xiangling Duanmu
Summary: This study investigates the optimization of hybrid mechanical-natural ventilation for smoke control in complex metro stations. The results show that atrium fires are more significantly impacted by outdoor temperature variations compared to concourse/platform fires. The gathered high-temperature smoke inside the atrium can reach up to 900 K under a 5 MW train fire energy release. The findings provide crucial engineering insights into integrating weather data and adaptable ventilation protocols for smoke prevention/mitigation.
Article
Thermodynamics
Da Guo, Heping Xie, Mingzhong Gao, Jianan Li, Zhiqiang He, Ling Chen, Cong Li, Le Zhao, Dingming Wang, Yiwei Zhang, Xin Fang, Guikang Liu, Zhongya Zhou, Lin Dai
Summary: This study proposes a new in-situ pressure-preserved coring tool and elaborates its pressure-preserving mechanism. The experimental and field test results demonstrate that this tool has a high pressure-preservation capability and can maintain a stable pressure in deep wells. This study provides a theoretical framework and design standards for the development of similar technologies.
Article
Thermodynamics
Aolin Lai, Qunwei Wang
Summary: This study assesses the impact of China's de-capacity policy on renewable energy development efficiency (REDE) using the Global-MSBM model and the difference-in-differences method. The findings indicate that the policy significantly enhances REDE, promoting technological advancements and marketization. Moreover, regions with stricter environmental regulations experience a higher impact.
Article
Thermodynamics
Mostafa Ghasemi, Hegazy Rezk
Summary: This study utilizes fuzzy modeling and optimization to enhance the performance of microbial fuel cells (MFCs). By simulating and analyzing experimental data sets, the ideal parameter values for increasing power density, COD elimination, and coulombic efficiency were determined. The results demonstrate that the fuzzy model and optimization methods can significantly improve the performance of MFCs.
Article
Thermodynamics
Zhang Ruan, Lianzhong Huang, Kai Wang, Ranqi Ma, Zhongyi Wang, Rui Zhang, Haoyang Zhao, Cong Wang
Summary: This paper proposes a grey box model for fuel consumption prediction of wing-diesel hybrid vessels based on feature construction. By using both parallel and series grey box modeling methods and six machine learning algorithms, twelve combinations of prediction models are established. A feature construction method based on the aerodynamic performance of the wing and the energy relationship of the hybrid system is introduced. The best combination is obtained by considering the root mean square error, and it shows improved accuracy compared to the white box model. The proposed grey box model can accurately predict the daily fuel consumption of wing-diesel hybrid vessels, contributing to operational optimization and the greenization and decarbonization of the shipping industry.
Article
Thermodynamics
Huayi Chang, Nico Heerink, Junbiao Zhang, Ke He
Summary: This study examines the interaction between off-farm employment decisions between couples and household clean energy consumption in rural China, and finds that two-paycheck households are more likely to consume clean energy. The off-farm employment of women is a key factor driving household clean energy consumption to a higher level, with wage-employed wives having a stronger influence on these decisions than self-employed ones.
Article
Thermodynamics
Hanguan Wen, Xiufeng Liu, Ming Yang, Bo Lei, Xu Cheng, Zhe Chen
Summary: Demand-side management is crucial to smart energy systems. This paper proposes a data-driven approach to understand the relationship between energy consumption patterns and household characteristics for better DSM services. The proposed method uses a clustering algorithm to generate optimal customer groups for DSM and a deep learning model for training. The model can predict the possibility of DSM membership for a given household. The results demonstrate the usefulness of weekly energy consumption data and household socio-demographic information for distinguishing consumer groups and the potential for targeted DSM strategies.
Article
Thermodynamics
Xinglan Hou, Xiuping Zhong, Shuaishuai Nie, Yafei Wang, Guigang Tu, Yingrui Ma, Kunyan Liu, Chen Chen
Summary: This study explores the feasibility of utilizing a multi-level horizontal branch well heat recovery system in the Qiabuqia geothermal field. The research systematically investigates the effects of various engineering parameters on production temperature, establishes mathematical models to describe their relationships, and evaluates the economic viability of the system. The findings demonstrate the significant economic feasibility of the multi-level branch well system.
Article
Thermodynamics
Longxin Zhang, Songtao Wang, Site Hu
Summary: This investigation reveals the influence of tip leakage flow on the modern transonic rotor and finds that the increase of tip clearance size leads to a decline in rotor performance. However, an optimal tip clearance size can extend the rotor's stall margin.
Article
Thermodynamics
Kristian Gjoka, Behzad Rismanchi, Robert H. Crawford
Summary: This paper proposes a framework for assessing the performance of 5GDHC systems and demonstrates it through a case study in a university campus in Melbourne, Australia. The results show that 5GDHC systems are a cost-effective and environmentally viable solution in mild climates, and their successful implementation in Australia can create new market opportunities and potential adoption in other countries with similar climatic conditions.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jianwei Li, Guotai Wang, Panpan Yang, Yongshuang Wen, Leian Zhang, Rujun Song, Chengwei Hou
Summary: This study proposes an orientation-adaptive electromagnetic energy harvester by introducing a rotatable bluff body, which allows for self-regulation to cater for changing wind flow direction. Experimental results show that the output power of the energy harvester can be greatly enhanced with increased rotatory inertia of the rotating bluff body, providing a promising solution for harnessing wind-induced vibration energy.
