Review
Ecology
Johan Mansson, Louise Eriksson, Isla Hodgson, Johan Elmberg, Nils Bunnefeld, Rebecca Hessel, Maria Johansson, Niklas Liljeback, Lovisa Nilsson, Camilla Olsson, Tomas Part, Camilla Sandstrom, Ingunn Tombre, Steve M. Redpath
Summary: Adaptive management (AM) is difficult to implement due to obstacles related to the AM process, ecosystem properties, and governance systems. Overcoming these obstacles requires building capacities within the AM process, including adequate resources, management tools, collaboration, and learning. It is also important to build capacities in the legal and institutional frames to enable necessary flexibility in the governance system. In systems experiencing profound changes in wildlife populations, building such capacities becomes even more critical.
TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Diana K. Baigts-Allende, Constantinos Stathopoulos
Summary: The consumption safety and consumer acceptance of edible insects are major barriers to market positioning, which has led to the application of various processing technologies to develop insect-based food products and derivatives. However, there is limited information on the novel technologies and uses of insect derivatives compared to minimally processed insects. This review focuses on the food safety and cultural aspects of the difficulties of eating insects, as well as the role of processing raw materials and developing insect derivatives and food prototypes in ensuring safety and consumer acceptance.
EUROPEAN FOOD RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Ambrogio Fasoli
Summary: Fusion occurs when light nuclei combine to form heavier nuclei, releasing energy that powers stars and can provide a safe, sustainable, and clean source of baseload electricity. This process requires high temperatures and plasma, an ionized state of matter rare on Earth but common in the universe. The quest for fusion energy is closely associated with plasma physics and requires large-scale collaborative efforts.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Xiaohui Wang, Hong Zhang, Xiaohui Chen, Chunrong Wu, Ke Ding, Guiyin Sun, Yang Luo, Debing Xiang
Summary: Various types of nanoparticles are utilized to achieve targeted delivery of anticancer drugs, improve efficacy, and reduce side effects. However, their therapeutic effects are not ideal due to tumor microenvironment abnormalities and nanoparticle properties. This review comprehensively discusses the factors hindering nanoparticle penetration into tumors and describes methods for improving nanoparticle distribution. Furthermore, it critically analyzes the future development of nanodrug delivery in oncology.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Osman Ali, Mazen Tolaymat, Shien Hu, Guofeng Xie, Jean-Pierre Raufman
Summary: Despite the challenges in treating colorectal cancer, targeting muscarinic receptors and MMPs shows promise in inhibiting tumor growth and progression. Selective approaches can help overcome potential off-target effects, allowing clinicians to exploit these pathways for therapeutic purposes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Donghyun Lee, Soonmin Kwon, Seok-Young Jang, Eunyoung Park, Yeeun Lee, Heebeom Koo
Summary: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) faces challenges in tumor treatment, including drug delivery, light delivery, and tumor microenvironment. Nanoparticles have shown promising potential to overcome these challenges as drug carriers. Various approaches such as physicochemical optimization, ligand modification, and stimuli-responsive release have been explored in experiments, but more research is needed.
BIOACTIVE MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Ecology
John N. Williams, Lenya Quinn-Davidson, Hugh D. Safford, Ashley Grupenhoff, Beth Rose Middleton, Joe Restaino, Edward Smith, Chris Adlam, Hiram Rivera-Huerta
Summary: Prescribed fire is important for restoring fire-adapted ecosystems and reducing the risk of high-severity wildfires in the North American Mediterranean climate zone. However, there are obstacles to increasing the use of prescribed fire. Strategies such as increasing government commitment and funding, cooperation, and expanding monitoring can help overcome these obstacles.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Albert Jang, Grant P. Rauterkus, Ulka N. Vaishampayan, Pedro C. Barata
Summary: This review summarizes important clinical studies on liquid biopsies in prostate cancer, with a focus on advanced disease, particularly circulating tumor DNA, circulating tumor cells, and exosomes. It highlights the progress and challenges of these technologies, and discusses promising avenues for expanding the importance of liquid biopsy in the care of prostate cancer patients.
ONCOTARGETS AND THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Ranjeny Thomas, Jose M. Carballido, Johnna D. Wesley, Simi T. Ahmed
Summary: Antigen-specific immunotherapy shows promise for treating type 1 diabetes, but faces obstacles in clinical translation. The key to overcoming these challenges lies in collaboration and cooperation among various stakeholders.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Electrochemistry
Jiale Qu, Junjie Liu, Guorui Leng, Yunqing Wang, Shanshan Wang, Shuang Shen, Haoyu Yin, Zhenghao Hou, Baorong Duan
Summary: The impressive theoretical specific capacity and negative potential of lithium make it a prime candidate for anodes in secondary lithium batteries. However, practical issues such as short cycle life, low coulombic efficiency, and safety concerns hinder their widespread use. This manuscript presents a comprehensive review of current understanding and existing issues associated with lithium metal electrodes.
ELECTROCHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Respiratory System
Mhairi Barclay, Silviu Buderi, Andrew Bush, Mat Daniel, Simon Jordan, Alexandra Rice, Nigel Ruggins, Thomas Semple, Alan Robert Smyth
Summary: This case demonstrates the importance of objective testing in supporting an asthma diagnosis and considering alternative or additional diagnoses. It also highlights the significance of follow-up X-rays and the role of virtual, multicentre, multidisciplinary meetings in aiding rapid diagnosis and coordination of follow-up.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mingwu Luo, Xiongri Gan, Chenran Zhang, Yabin Yang, Wan Yue, Igor Zhitomirsky, Kaiyuan Shi
Summary: This study focuses on overcoming obstacles in the implementation of metallic Zn for zinc-ion batteries. The challenges are addressed by applying a redox-active electrode-electrolyte interphase to improve the performance of Zn anodes. The results show that using a mixture of cationic polypyrrole/anionic Tiron as conducting interphase enhances the stability and charge transfer of Zn metal, leading to improved performance and lifespan of Zn-based energy storage systems.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Robotics
Matan Coronel, David Zarrouk
Summary: This letter introduces a novel reconfigurable robot called Tail STAR (TSTAR) that has an active two-link tail. TSTAR is equipped with a sprawling mechanism that allows it to run upright or inverted and change its height. The tail enables the robot to move its center of mass, increase surface contact, and enhance climbing capabilities.
IEEE ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION LETTERS
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Simon W. Rabkin, Mark Frein
Summary: To achieve high-performance teams in healthcare organizations, it is crucial to have clear goals, supportive organizational structures, suitable team members, defined roles, a psychologically safe environment, and effective conflict resolution mechanisms.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Marios Charalambous, Sofie F. M. Bhatti, Holger A. Volk, Simon Platt
Summary: Status epilepticus (SE) can be effectively resolved if diagnosed and treated early, but there is currently no consensus on the appropriate management of refractory SE, as classical therapeutic approaches often fail to prevent the progression of SE.
VETERINARY JOURNAL
(2022)
