Article
Immunology
Hong Zhao, Chi Zhang, Qi Zhu, Xianxiang Chen, Guilin Chen, Wenjin Sun, Zuohan Xiao, Weijun Du, Jing Yao, Guojun Li, Yanhua Ji, Niuniu Li, Yujin Jiang, Ying Wang, Qingjin Zeng, Wei Li, Beilei Gong, Xianyou Chang, Feng Zhu, Xiufeng Jiang, Jiawen Li, Zhao Wu, Yingxia Liu, Peng Peng, Guiqiang Wang
Summary: The study showed that favipiravir was effective and safe in treating patients with recurrent positive SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Patients treated with favipiravir had a significantly shorter duration of viral shedding and decreased inflammatory markers. Further large-scale, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials are needed to confirm these findings.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Colleen B. Jonsson, Jennifer E. Golden, Bernd Meibohm
Summary: There is a critical need for effective DAAs in the current pandemic, with early-stage DAAs helping to reduce the spread and duration of symptoms of COVID-19. However, navigating the challenges and risks of novel small molecule discovery remains a key consideration in accelerating the development of new, safe, and oral DAAs.
CURRENT OPINION IN VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Miguel Esperanca-Martins, Lisa Goncalves, Ines Soares-Pinho, Andreia Gomes, Marta Serrano, Birte Blankenhaus, Patricia Figueiredo-Campos, Ana Catarina-Marques, Ana Castro-Barbosa, Ana Cardoso, Pedro Antunes-Meireles, Henrique Atalaia-Barbacena, Pedro Gaspar, Patricia Howell-Monteiro, Antonio Pais-de-Lacerda, Catarina Mota, Marc Veldhoen
Summary: A portion of cancer patients show proper humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2, while those recently treated with chemotherapy may exhibit weaker serological responses. Cancer patients have a weaker antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 compared to non-cancer patients.
Article
Immunology
Ricardo Garcia-Munoz, Giovanna Farfan-Quiroga, Noemi Ruiz-de-Lobera, Jesus Feliu, Judith Anton-Remirez, Maria Jose Najera Irazu, Valentin Lisa Caton, Jose Antonio Oteo-Revuelta
Summary: This study utilized a serology-based therapeutic strategy for SARS-CoV-2 infected patients, with aggressive treatment involving early convalescent plasma and high-dose dexamethasone showing potential benefits in preventing lung damage progression or ICU admission without impairing immune responses. Serology-guided therapy may be beneficial for a variety of patient populations.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shruti Koulgi, Vinod Jani, Mallikarjunachari V. N. Uppuladinne, Uddhavesh Sonavane, Rajendra Joshi
Summary: The study investigates the structural variations of RdRP and its binding with nucleotide analogues, where certain residues were found to have significant interactions with the ligands, potentially aiding in the design of new inhibitors.
JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Weerawat Manosuthi, Somlerk Jeungsmarn, Pilailuk Okada, Pawita Suwanvattana, Warawan Wongboot, Unchana Thawornwan, Lantharita Charoenpong, Surasak Wiboonchutikul, Sumonmal Uttayamakul, Wannarat A. Pongpirul, Apichat Wachirapan, Paijit Warachit
Summary: The study found that COVID-19 patients who received a regimen containing favipiravir showed a significant reduction in nasopharyngeal viral load within 3 days.
JAPANESE JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Annoor Awadasseid, Yanling Wu, Yoshimasa Tanaka, Wen Zhang
Summary: Drug repurposing is an effective technique for drug development, and it is crucial to find efficient anti-COV therapies. Remdesivir and Favipiravir show promise in combating SARS-CoV-2, although they have side effects.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Andrey A. Ivashchenko, Kirill A. Dmitriev, Natalia V. Vostokova, Valeria N. Azarova, Andrew A. Blinow, Alina N. Egorova, Ivan G. Gordeev, Alexey P. Ilin, Ruben N. Karapetian, Dmitry Kravchenko, Nikita Lomakin, Elena A. Merkulova, Natalia A. Papazova, Elena P. Pavlikova, Nikolay P. Savchuk, Elena N. Simakina, Tagir A. Sitdekov, Elena A. Smolyarchuk, Elena G. Tikhomolova, Elena Yakubova, Alexandre Ivachtchenko
Summary: In May 2020, AVIFAVIR, an RNA polymerase inhibitor, was granted fast-track marketing authorization by the Russian Ministry of Health for the treatment of COVID-19 patients. In the pilot stage of Phase II/III clinical trial, AVIFAVIR demonstrated a 62.5% viral clearance rate within 4 days for SARS-CoV-2 patients and was shown to be safe and well-tolerated.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Benedikt Simon, Harald Rubey, Martin Gromann, Astrid Knopf-Voelkerer, Boris Hemedi, Sonja Zehetmayer, Bernhard Kirsch
Summary: Hemodialysis (HD) patients have a higher risk of severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this study, the impact of a third vaccine dose (3D) on antibody levels and T cell response in HD patients was assessed. The results showed that the 3D improved antibody and T cell response in most HD patients, although a subgroup of HD patients with diminished response after the first two doses still had lower levels compared to responders and controls.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Rana Abdelnabi, Caroline S. Foo, Suzanne J. F. Kaptein, Xin Zhang, Thuc Nguyen Dan Do, Lana Langendries, Laura Vangeel, Judith Breuer, Juanita Pang, Rachel Williams, Valentijn Vergote, Elisabeth Heylen, Pieter Leyssen, Kai Dallmeier, Lotte Coelmont, Arnab K. Chatterjee, Raf Mols, Patrick Augustijns, Steven De Jonghe, Dirk Jochmans, Birgit Weynand, Johan Neyts
Summary: The combination of Molnupiravir and Favipiravir demonstrated a significant antiviral effect in a Syrian hamster model infected with SARS-CoV-2, reducing infectious virus titers in the lungs and preventing transmission to co-housed untreated sentinels. Mutation frequency in the viral RNA recovered from the lungs of treated animals increased, with a higher frequency of C-to-T mutations observed in the combo treatment group, explaining the pronounced antiviral potency of the combination.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Claudius Speer, Christian Morath, Maximilian Toellner, Mirabel Buylaert, Daniel Goeth, Christian Nusshag, Florian Kaelble, Matthias Schaier, Julia Grenz, Martin Kreysing, Paula Reichel, Asa Hidmark, Gerald Ponath, Paul Schnitzler, Martin Zeier, Caner Suesal, Katrin Klein, Louise Benning
Summary: It was found that previously infected dialysis patients generated strong and broad antibody reactivity against various SARS-CoV-2 spike protein epitopes with high neutralizing capacity after receiving a single-dose vaccination.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Marisa Holubar, Aruna Subramanian, Natasha Purington, Haley Hedlin, Bryan Bunning, Katharine S. Walter, Hector Bonilla, Athanasia Boumis, Michael Chen, Kimberly Clinton, Liisa Dewhurst, Carol Epstein, Prasanna Jagannathan, Richard H. Kaszynski, Lori Panu, Julie Parsonnet, Elizabeth L. Ponder, Orlando Quintero, Elizabeth Sefton, Upinder Singh, Luke Soberanis, Henry Truong, Jason R. Andrews, Manisha Desai, Chaitan Khosla, Yvonne Maldonado
Summary: This study found that commonly used doses of favipiravir did not show significant effectiveness in treating uncomplicated COVID-19 in outpatient settings. Further research is needed to determine if higher doses of favipiravir are effective and safe for patients with COVID-19.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Virology
Patricia Bustos, Carolina Tambley, Alejandra Acevedo, Winston Andrade, Gabriel Leal, Deyanira Vidal, Francisco Roldan, Rodrigo Fasce, Eugenio Ramirez
Summary: This study investigated 458 patients with SARS-CoV-2, finding a correlation between fever and high viral load, an earlier peak viral load in children, and a longer duration of viral presence in patients over 60 years old.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Yung-Feng Yen, Hsin-Hao Lai, Shang-Yih Chan, Vincent Yi-Fong Su, Ting-Fang Chiu, Chiao-Yu Huang, Chia-Chun Hung, Tzu-Ling Kuo, Ya-Ling Lee, Dachen Chu
Summary: Out of five patients with COVID-19, three (60%) experienced olfactory disorder, with two exhibiting anosmia at onset and one developing hyposmia four days later. All patients with olfactory disorder fully recovered in an average of 11.3 days. This information is copyrighted by the Taiwan Society of Microbiology in 2020 and published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC under the CC BY-NC-ND license.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Biology
Elizabeth Griggs, Kyle Trageser, Sean Naughton, Eun-Jeong Yang, Brian Mathew, Grace Van Hyfte, Linh Hellmers, Nathalie Jette, Molly Estill, Li Shen, Tracy Fischer, Giulio Maria Pasinetti
Summary: Infection with SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, can affect cognition in some patients with post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2. This study examines the neuropathophysiological consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection and finds similar alterations in neuroinflammation and blood-brain barrier integrity in individuals with SARS-CoV-2, Alzheimer's disease, and SARS-CoV-2-infected Alzheimer's disease. The findings may have implications for therapeutic treatments in patients with neuro-PASC, especially those at risk of developing Alzheimer's disease.
