Article
Chemistry, Physical
Feixue Gao, Ming Fang, Shuo Zhang, Meiyan Ni, Yawen Cai, Yifeng Zhang, Xiaoli Tan, Mingguang Kong, Wei Xu, Xiangke Wang
Summary: In this study, the centrosymmetry of Bi2S3 nanorods is broken by introducing Si defects into the crystal lattice, enabling them to efficiently reduce Cr(VI) through piezocatalysis. Moreover, the application of an alternating magnetic field (AMF) greatly enhances the piezocatalytic reduction.
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Harshvardhan Jog, Luminita Harnagea, Dibyata Rout, Takashi Taniguchi, Kenji Watanabe, Eugene J. Mele, Ritesh Agarwal
Summary: We investigate the symmetries of 1T-TiSe2 and observe that the ground state of the CDW phase is achiral, but it can be transformed into a non-equilibrium chiral phase under high-intensity laser excitation, altering the electronic correlations in the material. The photogalvanic technique demonstrates the sensitivity to structural symmetries and provides evidence of different optically driven phases in 1T-TiSe2.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Huimin Zhang, Basu Dev Oli, Qiang Zou, Xu Guo, Zhengfei Wang, Lian Li
Summary: In FeSn, we observe the symemtry-breaking and tunable electronic orders in the Kagome lattice by applying a magnetic field, providing a new avenue for studying the unique quantum states in Kagome lattice.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Beatriz C. Dias, Domagoj Perkovic, Masudul Haque, Pedro Ribeiro, Paul A. McClarty
Summary: We investigated the impact of quantum noise on measurement-induced quantum phase transition in monitored random quantum circuits. By simulating random Clifford circuits efficiently, we discovered that the transition is broadened into a crossover and the phase diagram exhibits distinct regimes based on projective measurements and noise. We demonstrated that mapping the problem to a classical statistical mechanics problem can explain the main features of the phase diagram, with bulk noise mapping to explicit permutation symmetry-breaking coupling.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Madelynn McElroy, Kaylie Green, Nikolaos K. Voulgarakis
Summary: In conventional disorder-order phase transitions, a system transitions from a highly symmetric state (disorder) to a less symmetric state with limited available states (order). Stem cell differentiation can be considered as a sequence of such symmetry-breaking events. Differentiation in stem cell populations requires collective emergence and the ability to self-regulate intrinsic noise and navigate through a critical point.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jong E. Han, Camille Aron, Xi Chen, Ishiaka Mansaray, Jae-Ho Han, Ki-Seok Kim, Michael Randle, Jonathan P. Bird
Summary: The significant difference between predicted and experimental switching fields in correlated insulators under a far-from-equilibrium DC electric field necessitates a reevaluation of current microscopic understanding. The authors introduce a generic model of electrons coupled to an inelastic phononic medium and show that an electron avalanche can occur in the bulk limit of such insulators at arbitrarily small electric field. The quantum avalanche is triggered by the generation of in-gap states through a multi-phonon emission process, leading to a premature and partial collapse of the correlated gap.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yutao Sang, Qirong Zhu, Xiaoqin Zhou, Yuqian Jiang, Li Zhang, Minghua Liu
Summary: This study describes the self-assembly of an achiral molecule into a macroscopic helical structure and the emergent chiral-selective spin-filtering effect. A benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide (BTA) motif with an aminopyridine group in each arm was found to coordinate with Ag-I and self-assemble into nanospheres. Symmetry breaking occurred upon sonication, resulting in the transformation of nanospheres into helical nanofibers with strong circular dichroism (CD) signals. The CD signals could be controlled by using the chiral assemblies as a seed. Additionally, the helical nanofibers exhibited highly selective charge transport with a spin-polarization transport of up to 45%, despite being composed exclusively of achiral building blocks.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jaroslav Tobik
Summary: Theoretical studies have been conducted on magnetic transition processes involving symmetry breaking, using both a simple magnetic moment model and more complex magnetic systems. The findings reveal that the behavior of symmetry-breaking processes is more deterministic than what can be inferred from energy considerations alone. Two qualitatively different cases of dynamical control are identified based on their robustness against thermal fluctuations. The first case remains stable against these fluctuations even when the magnetic transition control parameter changes adiabatically, while the second case is unstable and results in random symmetry breaking. However, control over the final magnetic state can be regained by rapidly changing the magnetic transition control parameter, a phenomenon related to the precession of magnetic momentum and not evident in methods solely considering and minimizing the energy of the magnetic systems directly.
PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI-RAPID RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Xuecai Zhang, Junhong Deng, Yutao Tang, Yang Li, Guanqing Zhang, Zixian Hu, Guixin Li
Summary: Symmetry plays an important role in determining the properties of nonlinear optical waves in crystals. The symmetry in photonic meta-crystals can be easily controlled, allowing for the tailoring of their linear and nonlinear optical properties. By introducing coupling between adjacent plasmonic meta-atoms, the symmetry of nonlinear meta-crystals can be manipulated, leading to the observation of second harmonic generations. This methodology can be used to develop nonlinear nanophotonic devices with multiple functionalities.
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
A. Munoz de las Heras, R. Franchi, S. Biasi, M. Ghulinyan, L. Pavesi, I. Carusotto
Summary: This study demonstrates an effective nonlinearity-induced nonreciprocal behavior in a single nonmagnetic multi-mode Taiji resonator, achieved through a combination of intensity-dependent refractive index and broken spatial reflection symmetry. The observations are quantitatively reproduced by numerical methods and physically explained by analytical theory, showing the potential for miniaturization of nonreciprocal elements for photonic integrated networks.
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Onkar Susladkar, Gayatri Deshmukh, Subhrajit Nag, Ananya Mantravadi, Dhruv Makwana, Sujitha Ravichandran, R. Sai Chandra Teja, Gajanan H. Chavhan, C. Krishna Mohan, Sparsh Mittal
Summary: In this paper, a novel end-to-end trainable convolutional neural network architecture called ClarifyNet is proposed for single image dehazing. ClarifyNet utilizes low-pass and high-pass filters to extract different types of information and employs a shared-encoder and multi-decoder model structure. By utilizing a weighted loss function, complementary features are extracted and propagated. Experimental results show that ClarifyNet achieves high scores on multiple datasets.
JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS ARCHITECTURE
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
E. Yilmaz, M. Ucuncu
Summary: In this study, a low-pass filter with coaxial transmission lines is designed and produced to suppress the second harmonic of the 4.4-6 GHz C-Band signals. The design is based on an 11th order Chebyshev low-pass filter prototype and capacitors and inductors as lumped elements. The manufactured filter has a cutoff frequency of 6 GHz and a sharp suppression of about 45 dB at the stopband of 9 GHz, showing close similarity with the designed filter.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Y. Contoyiannis, S. G. Stavrinides, M. Kampitakis, M. P. Hanias, S. M. Potirakis, P. Papadopoulos
Summary: This brief explores the spontaneous symmetry breaking of the phi(4) theory in phase space, using Poincare maps in both Minkowski and Euclidean time. It highlights the importance of discretization in creating phase space and reveals novel behaviors, with the most significant being a change in stability. The stable fixed points of the phi(4) potential are shown to become unstable in phase space, with unique instabilities and even the potential for hosting tachyonic fields in Euclidean space.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Milad Alizadeh, Majid M. Moghaddam, S. Hassan HosseinNia
Summary: This paper presents a nonlinear low-pass filter with significantly less phase lag than linear and some nonlinear filters. The filter's gain response in the pass-band is near 0 dB, and the noise attenuation rate is -40 dB/dec, with the phase lag three times lesser compared to a 2nd order Butterworth filter. The proposed filter outperforms linear and nonlinear filters in case of white, blue, or purple noise, and its effectiveness is validated in a precision motion control system simulation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
John P. Perdew, Adrienn Ruzsinszky, Jianwei Sun, Niraj K. Nepal, Aaron D. Kaplan
Summary: Strong correlations within a symmetry-unbroken ground-state wavefunction may manifest in approximate density functional theory as symmetry-broken spin densities or total densities, arising from soft modes of fluctuations such as spin-density or charge-density waves. An approximate density functional that breaks symmetry can be more revealing than an exact functional that does not, with examples including the stretched H-2 molecule, antiferromagnetic solids, and the static charge-density wave/Wigner crystal phase of a low-density jellium. Time-dependent density functional theory quantitatively shows that the static charge-density wave is a soft plasmon, with the frequency of a related density fluctuation dropping to zero.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
R. Gopal, V. K. Chandrasekar, M. Lakshmanan
Summary: This article discusses the situation of the second wave of COVID-19 in India and estimates the number of infected individuals using the SEIR model. The findings show that individual efforts and government actions are the most important factors in controlling the pandemic.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-SPECIAL TOPICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
R. Muthuganesan, V. K. Chandrasekar
Summary: In this article, a generalized definition of fidelity and affinity for an ensemble of quantum states is proposed. Based on these coherence quantifiers, a quantifier for the quantumness of the ensemble is developed. It is shown that this quantifier satisfies the necessary axioms of a legitimate measure of quantumness. The quantumness of several well-known ensembles is also computed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Condensed Matter
R. Arun, R. Gopal, V. K. Chandrasekar, M. Lakshmanan
Summary: We studied the dynamics of a spin torque nano oscillator and found that a short duration in-plane magnetic field can trigger self-oscillations of magnetization. The oscillation frequency can be tuned by current, even without a field-like torque, and field-like torque can enhance the frequency. Our analysis shows that the Q-factor increases with frequency. The system is stable against thermal noise and its dynamics are not significantly affected by it.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
K. Sathiyadevi, D. Premraj, Tanmoy Banerjee, Zhigang Zheng, M. Lakshmanan
Summary: We investigated the aging transition in a globally coupled network of Stuart-Landau oscillators under discrete time-dependent coupling. Our findings reveal that by adjusting the time period and duty cycle of the ON-OFF intervals, the aging region can significantly shrink, leading to the restoration of oscillatory dynamics. The results also indicate that the type of coupling and pulse interval play crucial roles in controlling the aging dynamics, providing a noninvasive approach to restore oscillatory dynamics from an aging state in a coupled oscillator network.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
J. Ramya Parkavi, R. Mohanasubha, V. K. Chandrasekar, M. Senthilvelan, M. Lakshmanan
Summary: In this paper, a method for generating nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) is proposed to describe the dynamics of nonlinear oscillators with either amplitude independent frequency or amplitude-dependent frequency. The method includes deriving the associated integrals and general solutions in harmonic form for both cases. The applicability of this method is demonstrated through examples of coupled first-order nonlinear ODEs.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-SPECIAL TOPICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
P. Naveena, R. Muthuganesan, V. K. Chandrasekar
Summary: This article studies the nonlocal correlation and the influence of decoherence on the temporal evolution of a pair of superconducting charge qubits. The results show that Josephson energy enhances the resistibility against decoherence.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
B. Kaviya, R. Suresh, V. K. Chandrasekar
Summary: We study the dynamics of a hybrid model and report the emergence of extreme bursting events due to a novel pulse-shaped explosion mechanism. The system exhibits complex periodic and chaotic bursting patterns as a function of excitation frequencies, along with small oscillations. We identify the appearance of a sharp pulse-like transition in the equilibrium points of the system as the underlying mechanism for the development of bursting events. The controlling aspect of extreme events is attempted by incorporating a linear damping term.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL PLUS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
V. Chithiika Ruby, V. K. Chandrasekar, M. Lakshmanan
Summary: In this paper, we discuss the quantum dynamics of a nonlinear system that has temporally localized solutions at the classical level. We consider a general ordered position-dependent mass Hamiltonian with arbitrary ordering parameters for the mass term. The mass function in this case is singular at the origin. We observe that the quantum system has bounded solutions, but the coupling parameter of the system becomes quantized, which is also confirmed by semiclassical study.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Premraj Durairaj, Sathiyadevi Kanagaraj, Prakash Duraisamy, Anitha Karthikeyan, Karthikeyan Rajagopal
Summary: Vibrational energy harvesters can convert low-frequency broad-band mechanical energy into electrical power, making them suitable for implantable medical devices and wireless sensors. By introducing blinking into the coupling function, we can improve synchronization in bistable energy harvesters with periodic and quasiperiodic excitations. The research shows that increasing the proportion of blinking can initiate synchronization even with lower optimal coupling strength.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Karthikeyan Rajagopal, Sathiyadevi Kanagaraj, Christos Volos, Anitha Karthikeyan
Summary: The discrete system is important for mimicking the collective dynamics of continuous dynamical systems, which are relevant to many natural and artificial systems. In this study, we use three-dimensional sinusoidal discrete maps with a self-feedback factor to investigate the dynamical transitions. We demonstrate the presence of symmetry in parametric variation using two parameter diagrams and explore the transitions in a network of sine maps with self-feedback. Negative feedback leads to a transition from cluster state to synchronization, while increasing feedback from negative to positive causes a transition from synchronization to desynchronization via chimera state in various complex network connectivities.
Article
Biology
Sathiyadevi Kanagaraj, Premraj Durairaj, Sivaperumal Sampath, Anitha Karthikeyan, Karthikeyan Rajagopal
Summary: Locally active memristors can mimic neural synapses and generate rich neuro-morphological dynamics in biological neurons. Coupled Hindmarsh-Rose neurons exhibit synchronization behavior under different network connectivities.
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
M. Manoranjani, D. V. Senthilkumar, V. K. Chandrasekar
Summary: We analyze the behavior of Kuramoto oscillators coupled via an adaptive mean-field variable and identify distinct phase transitions in different ranges of the time-scale parameter. We derive the evolution equations for the macroscopic order parameters and find consistent results with the observed dynamical transitions.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Premraj Durairaj, Sathiyadevi Kanagaraj, Suresh Kumarasamy, Karthikeyan Rajagopal
Summary: Extreme events are unusual and rare large-amplitude fluctuations that can occur unexpectedly in nonlinear dynamical systems, characterized by events above the extreme event threshold. Different mechanisms and prediction measures for extreme events have been reported. Studies have shown that extreme events are both linear and nonlinear in nature, with rare frequency of occurrence and extreme amplitude. In this Letter, we report on a special class of nonchaotic and nonperiodic extreme events that appear between quasiperiodic and chaotic dynamics of the system. We demonstrate the existence of such extreme events with various statistical measures and characterization techniques.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
K. Sathiyadevi, D. Premraj, Tanmoy Banerjee, M. Lakshmanan
Summary: This study investigates the impact of additional complex conjugate feedback on globally coupled Stuart-Landau oscillators, revealing phenomena such as symmetry breaking clusters, out-of-phase clusters, explosive amplitude death, and disparate multistable states. By characterizing the first-order transition and hysteresis nature through the amplitude order parameter, mapping global dynamical transitions in parametric spaces, analyzing bifurcation scenarios of the reduced model, and exploring basin stability, the research sheds light on emergent dynamics in the presence of additional feedback.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
M. Manoranjani, R. Gopal, D. Senthilkumar, V. K. Chandrasekar, M. Lakshmanan
Summary: In this study, we investigate the phase diagram of the Sakaguchi-Kuramoto model, including both higher-order interactions and traditional pairwise interactions. By introducing asymmetry parameters and examining different frequency distributions, we analyze the collective dynamics and transitions in the phase diagrams. The results demonstrate that higher-order coupling leads to the spread of bistable regions and the manifestation of bistability between incoherent and partially synchronized states, even with unimodal frequency distribution. The asymmetry parameters facilitate the emergence of multiple bistable regions in the phase diagrams, and larger values of the asymmetry parameters result in only monostable dynamical states in the phase diagrams.
