Article
Immunology
Ying-Han Chen, Frank Yeung, Keenan A. Lacey, Kimberly Zaldana, Jian-Da Lin, Gavyn Chern Wei Bee, Caroline McCauley, Ramya S. Barre, Shen-Huan Liang, Christina B. Hansen, Alexander E. Downie, Kyle Tio, Jeffrey N. Weiser, Victor J. Torres, Richard J. Bennett, P'ng Loke, Andrea L. Graham, Ken Cadwell
Summary: The paucity of blood granulocyte populations in laboratory mice compared to humans is not well understood. This study shows that fungal colonization induces sustained granulopoiesis in mice, leading to an increase in circulating neutrophils and enhanced immunity. This finding suggests that introducing fungi into laboratory mice may provide a better model for studying leukocyte development and immune responses in humans and other mammals.
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Madeleine Goeritzer, Katharina B. Kuentzel, Sarah Beck, Melanie Korbelius, Silvia Rainer, Ivan Bradic, Dagmar Kolb, Marion Mussbacher, Waltraud C. Schrottmaier, Alice Assinger, Axel Schlagenhauf, Rene Rost, Benjamin Gottschalk, Thomas O. Eichmann, Thomas Zuellig, Wolfgang F. Graier, Nemanja Vujic, Dagmar Kratky
Summary: Monoglyceride lipase (MGL) hydrolyzes monoacylglycerols (MG) and plays a role in platelet function. MGL deficiency leads to decreased platelet aggregation and impaired response to collagen activation, resulting in reduced thrombus formation and prolonged bleeding time. Genetic deletion of MGL is associated with altered thrombogenesis in mice.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Maya Olaisen, Mathias L. Richard, Vidar Beisvag, Atle van Beelen Granlund, Elin S. Royset, Olivier Rue, Tom Christian Martinsen, Arne Kristian Sandvik, Harry Sokol, Reidar Fossmark
Summary: The study found that the mucosa-associated mycobiota in the ileum of patients with CD is altered compared to healthy controls, and an increase in the abundance of Malassezia is associated with disease progression.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ellesandra C. Noye, Siroon Bekkering, Albert P. Limawan, Maria U. Nguyen, Lisa K. Widiasmoko, Hui Lu, Salvatore Pepe, Michael M. Cheung, Trevelyan R. Menheniott, Megan J. Wallace, Timothy J. Moss, David P. Burgner, Kirsty R. Short
Summary: The study found that postnatal LPS exposure in atherosclerosis-prone mice resulted in a trained phenotype, which was not enhanced by prenatal inflammation. Additionally, combined prenatal and postnatal LPS exposure was associated with a reduction in populations of myeloid progenitor cells in the bone marrow.
Article
Microbiology
Lisa Abernathy-Close, Madeline R. Barron, James M. George, Michael G. Dieterle, Kimberly C. Vendrov, Ingrid L. Bergin, Vincent B. Young
Summary: Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) infection poses significant risks to patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), leading to increased morbidity and mortality. The development of IBD alters the gut microbiome and decreases colonization resistance to C. difficile, making animals susceptible to C. difficile colonization and infection. Inflammation induced by IBD plays a critical role in overcoming colonization resistance and promoting C. difficile colonization in the host.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wellison A. Pereira, Carlos Drielson S. Pereira, Raissa G. Assuncao, Iandeyara Savanna C. da Silva, Fabricia S. Rego, Leylane S. R. Alves, Juliana S. Santos, Francisco Jonathas R. Nogueira, Adrielle Zagmignan, Thomas T. Thomsen, Anders Lobner-Olesen, Karen A. Krogfelt, Luis Claudio N. da Silva, Afonso G. Abreu
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of cinnamaldehyde on mice colonized by pathogenic E. coli, and found that the compound has antimicrobial properties against E. coli 042 without affecting bacteria-related gene expressions or causing toxicity to animal cells and insect larvae. The results suggest that cinnamaldehyde is a promising lead molecule for the development of antimicrobial agents.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Harald Tammen, Martin Koemhoff, Denis Delic, Soren S. Lund, Berthold Hocher, Sandra Frankenreiter, Ruediger Hess, Maximilian von Eynatten, Michael Mark, Thomas Klein
Summary: Linagliptin is a DPP-4 inhibitor used for treating type 2 diabetes with additional positive effects on the kidney. In a study with mice, it was found that linagliptin increased storage of cobalamin (Vitamin B12) in organs. The researchers also found that linagliptin potentially inhibits the degradation of the transcobalamin receptor CD320, leading to increased uptake of cobalamin into cells.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Minli Wei, Jia Li, Huili Yan, Tao Luo, Jiang Huang, Yangyang Yuan, Liaoliao Hu, Liping Zheng
Summary: This study found that altered regulatory enzymes and post-translational modifications (PTMs) are associated with physiological ovarian aging in mice. These findings are expected to provide useful insights for delaying ovarian aging and the diagnosis and treatment of female infertility.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Meeta Yadav, Soham Ali, Rachel L. Shrode, Shailesh K. Shahi, Samantha N. Jensen, Jemmie Hoang, Samuel Cassidy, Heena Olalde, Natalya Guseva, Mishelle Paullus, Catherine Cherwin, Kai Wang, Tracey Cho, John Kamholz, Ashutosh K. Mangalam
Summary: This study analyzes the gut mycobiome of patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and compares it to healthy controls, revealing significant differences between the two groups. RRMS patients showed increased Basidiomycota and decreased Ascomycota at the phylum level, with increased Candida and Epicoccum genera and decreased Saccharomyces compared to healthy controls. The study also found altered fungal and bacterial interactions in RRMS patients, suggesting a more diverse fungal-bacterial relationship.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jeroen W. Bos, Ewout J. N. Groen, Kevin Budding, Eveline M. Delemarre, H. Stephan Goedee, Edward F. Knol, Leonard H. van den Berg, W. Ludo van der Pol
Summary: This study aimed to further understand the risk factors and disease modifiers of MMN by studying the innate immune responses to endotoxin in patients with MMN and controls. The results showed no significant differences in immune responses to endotoxin between the two groups, suggesting that altered endotoxin-induced innate immune responses are unlikely to be a susceptibility factor for MMN.
JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tiziana Bachetti, Francesca Rosamilia, Martina Bartolucci, Giuseppe Santamaria, Manuela Mosconi, Serenella Sartori, Maria Rosaria De Filippo, Marco Di Duca, Valentina Obino, Stefano Avanzini, Domenico Mavilio, Simona Candiani, Andrea Petretto, Alessio Pini Prato, Isabella Ceccherini, Francesca Lantieri
Summary: HAEC is a life-threatening complication in HSCR, associated with impairment of the immune system, barrier defense, and microbiome. Genetic investigation identified the HAEC susceptibility variant p.H187Q in the OSMR gene, which disrupts the signaling cascade necessary for gut immune response and homeostasis maintenance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Kalyan K. Dewan, Colleen Sedney, Amanda D. Caulfield, Yang Su, Longhuan Ma, Uriel Blas-Machado, Eric T. Harvill
Summary: Acute otitis media is a common disease caused by bacterial pathogens in the nasopharynx. By using a mouse model, researchers found that Bordetella bronchiseptica can also cause middle ear infections in mice, providing a flexible model for studying naturally occurring acute otitis media. Mice lacking T and/or B cells were unable to clear the infection, highlighting the cooperative role of both in clearing middle ear infection. Furthermore, adoptively transferred antibodies provided protection to the lungs but only partial protection to the middle ears, revealing the differences between respiratory and otoimmunology.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Dongmei Gu, Luchun Wang, Nan Zhang, Huali Wang, Xin Yu
Summary: This study found that the levels of naturally occurring antibodies (NAbs) decrease in individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and a specific antibody, NAb-TREM2, has the highest sensitivity as a potential biomarker. Further analysis showed that AD-related pathological processes were enriched in the protein-protein interaction network. The findings suggest that the levels of circulating NAbs may serve as biomarkers for monitoring the progression of AD.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wenyue Su, Yan Liu, Aileen Lam, Xiaoning Hao, Michel Baudry, Xiaoning Bi
Summary: Angelman syndrome is a rare neurogenetic disorder characterized by severe developmental delay, cognitive impairment, and motor dysfunction. A study on mice with Angelman syndrome found that their memory recall fails to activate memory-associated transcriptional programs, which could be responsible for their memory impairment.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Soil Science
Alena Blazkova, Jan Jansa, David Puschel, Miroslav Vosatka, Martina Janouskova
Summary: This study found that the proportions of different AM fungal taxa in communities can influence the benefits to host plants. A 'functionally optimized' community with naturally established ratios of AM fungal species was more beneficial for plant growth than artificially manipulated communities. The functional differences between the communities were related to the abundances of certain AM fungal species, highlighting the importance of species' abundances within AM fungal communities for promoting plant growth.
SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Liang-Bo Wang, Alla Karpova, Marina A. Gritsenko, Jennifer E. Kyle, Song Cao, Yize Li, Dmitry Rykunov, Antonio Colaprico, Joseph H. Rothstein, Runyu Hong, Vasileios Stathias, MacIntosh Cornwell, Francesca Petralia, Yige Wu, Boris Reva, Karsten Krug, Pietro Pugliese, Emily Kawaler, Lindsey K. Olsen, Wen-Wei Liang, Xiaoyu Song, Yongchao Dou, Michael C. Wendl, Wagma Caravan, Wenke Liu, Daniel Cui Zhou, Jiayi Ji, Chia-Feng Tsai, Vladislav A. Petyuk, Jamie Moon, Weiping Ma, Rosalie K. Chu, Karl K. Weitz, Ronald J. Moore, Matthew E. Monroe, Rui Zhao, Xiaolu Yang, Seungyeul Yoo, Azra Krek, Alexis Demopoulos, Houxiang Zhu, Matthew A. Wyczalkowski, Joshua F. McMichael, Brittany L. Henderson, Caleb M. Lindgren, Hannah Boekweg, Shuangjia Lu, Jessika Baral, Lijun Yao, Kelly G. Stratton, Lisa M. Bramer, Erika Zink, Sneha P. Couvillion, Kent J. Bloodsworth, Shankha Satpathy, Weiva Sieh, Simina M. Boca, Stephan Schurer, Feng Chen, Maciej Wiznerowicz, Karen A. Ketchum, Emily S. Boja, Christopher R. Kinsinger, Ana Robles, Tara Hiltke, Mathangi Thiagarajan, Alexey Nesvizhskii, Bing Zhang, D. R. Mani, Michele Ceccarelli, Xi S. Chen, Sandra L. Cottingham, Qing Kay Li, Albert H. Kim, David Fenyo, Kelly Ruggles, Henry Rodriguez, Mehdi Mesri, Samuel H. Payne, Adam C. Resnick, Pei Wang, Richard D. Smith, Antonio Iavarone, Milan G. Chheda, Jill S. Barnholtz-Sloan, Karin D. Rodland, Tao Liu, Li Ding
Summary: Understanding the molecular pathogenesis of glioblastoma is crucial for improving diagnosis and treatment. Integrated analysis of genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic data on treatment-naive glioblastomas has identified key phosphorylation events and potential targets for specific tumor alterations. Immune subtypes with distinct immune cell types were discovered, and specific histone acetylation patterns were correlated with these subtypes, providing insights for stratification of patients for more effective treatment.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Joseph C. Devlin, Jordan Axelrad, Ashley M. Hine, Shannon Chang, Suparna Sarkar, Jian-Da Lin, Kelly Ruggles, David Hudesman, Ken Cadwell, P'ng Loke
Summary: A comparison of tissue from patients with ulcerative colitis and pouchitis using single-cell RNA sequencing revealed distinct myeloid cell and T cell populations in inflamed tissues. The study also found a correlation between myeloid cell characteristics and non-responsiveness to anti-integrin biologic therapies in patients with ulcerative colitis.
Article
Virology
Maren de Vries, Adil S. Mohamed, Rachel A. Prescott, Ana M. Valero-Jimenez, Ludovic Desvignes, Rebecca O'Connor, Claire Steppan, Joseph C. Devlin, Ellie Ivanova, Albert Herrera, Austin Schinlever, Paige Loose, Kelly Ruggles, Sergei B. Koralov, Annaliesa S. Anderson, Joseph Binder, Meike Dittmann
Summary: The study compares the efficacy of the potential antiviral drug PF-00835231 with other inhibitors on SARS-CoV-2 in vitro, showing that PF-00835231 has similar or higher potency. It targets the main protease of the virus, potentially providing a new treatment option for COVID-19.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Mericien Venzon, Ken Cadwell
Review
Immunology
Andrea L. Graham, Edward C. Schrom, C. Jessica E. Metcalf
Summary: This article discusses how the immune system balances the benefits and costs in fighting infection and explains the timing and reasons for maladaptive immunopathological responses. The study found that the evolutionary genetic characteristics, coevolution with symbionts, and human demographic history collectively affect human susceptibility to overzealous, pathology-inducing cytokine responses.
TRENDS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Immunology
P'ng Loke, Jian-Da Lin
Summary: This study utilized single-cell transcriptomic data to identify major activation paths of monocyte-derived macrophages, providing a framework for inflammatory tissue macrophages.
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Preeyam S. Patel, Sandra Perez-Baos, Beth Walters, Margo Orlen, Angelina Volkova, Kelly Ruggles, Christopher Y. Park, Robert J. Schneider
Summary: This article explores the translational regulation of T cells and discovers a previously unknown mechanism of selective mRNA translation in T follicular helper cells (TFH cells). The study demonstrates that this translation mechanism is essential for TFH cell fate-specification and their role in autoimmune pathogenesis.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Evan Mitchell, Andrea L. Graham, Francisco Ubeda, Geoff Wild
Summary: Women generally exhibit stronger immune responses and pathogens tend to be more virulent in men, which current explanations cannot account for. This study proposes an alternative explanation based on the transmission of pathogens from mother to child, using a mathematical model of the co-evolution of host immunocompetence and pathogen virulence.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Ying-Han Chen, Ken Cadwell
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Krystal L. Ching, Victor J. Torres, Ken Cadwell
Summary: In recent years, the contribution of exosomes to immunity, inflammation and host-pathogen interaction have been appreciated. It has been found that exosomes decorated with ACE2, the SARS-CoV-2 cellular receptor, are produced in the lungs of patients with COVID-19, and their increased concentration is associated with decreased hospitalization length.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
MacIntosh G. Cornwell, Hanane El Bannoudi, Elliot Luttrell-Williams, Alexis Engel, Tessa J. Barrett, Khrystyna Myndzar, Peter Izmirly, H. Michael Belmont, Robert Clancy, Kelly Ruggles, Jill P. Buyon, Jeffrey S. Berger
Summary: This study investigated the platelet transcriptome in patients with SLE, finding 2290 differentially expressed genes. The study also found that a mutation in a platelet receptor gene is associated with clinical features of SLE. Additionally, a transcriptomic signature was established that can differentiate SLE patients with active disease from those with inactive disease.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Edward Schrom, Ann Kinzig, Stephanie Forrest, Andrea L. Graham, Simon A. Levin, Carl T. Bergstrom, Carlos Castillo -Chavez, James P. Collins, Rob J. de Boer, Adam Doupe, Roya Ensafi, Stuart Feldman, Bryan T. Grenfell, Alex Halderman, Silvie Huijben, Carlo Maley, Melanie Moses, Alan S. Perelson, Charles Perrings, Joshua Plotkin, Jennifer Rexford, Mohit Tiwari
Summary: Defending against various types of attacks and avoiding self-attacks are the common challenges faced by mammalian immune systems and computer systems. Despite extensive research, there has been limited exchange of information between the fields of biological immunity and cybersecurity. This paper proposes a conceptual framework to compare and evaluate different defensive strategies in both fields, aiming to identify general principles of optimal defense applicable to various defensive realms.
MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Ying-Han Chen, Frank Yeung, Keenan A. Lacey, Kimberly Zaldana, Jian-Da Lin, Gavyn Chern Wei Bee, Caroline McCauley, Ramya S. Barre, Shen-Huan Liang, Christina B. Hansen, Alexander E. Downie, Kyle Tio, Jeffrey N. Weiser, Victor J. Torres, Richard J. Bennett, P'ng Loke, Andrea L. Graham, Ken Cadwell
Summary: The paucity of blood granulocyte populations in laboratory mice compared to humans is not well understood. This study shows that fungal colonization induces sustained granulopoiesis in mice, leading to an increase in circulating neutrophils and enhanced immunity. This finding suggests that introducing fungi into laboratory mice may provide a better model for studying leukocyte development and immune responses in humans and other mammals.
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Shih-Yao Chen, Chun-Ting Chu, Mei-Lin Yang, Jian-Da Lin, Chung-Teng Wang, Che-Hsin Lee, I-Chen Lin, Ai-Li Shiau, Pin Ling, Chao-Liang Wu
Summary: Imbalance of mucosal immunity in the lower gastrointestinal tract can lead to chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). Previous studies have shown that IL-10 protein and genetically modified bacteria secreting IL-10 can ameliorate colitis in mice. This study investigated the potential of Salmonella choleraesuis carrying the murine IL-19 gene to treat IBD and found promising results in reducing mortality and clinical signs in mice with DSS-induced colitis.
Article
Ecology
Liana F. Wait, Shylo R. Johnson, Kathleen M. Nelson, Richard B. Chipman, Frederick E. Pogmore, Andrew P. Dobson, Andrea L. Graham
Summary: We investigated the infection patterns and distribution of gastrointestinal parasites in an urban-suburban population of raccoons. The results showed that 62.6% of raccoons were infected with gastrointestinal nematodes and 82.2% were infected with gastrointestinal coccidia. The infection status and egg count varied with factors such as year, month, age class, land cover, and coinfection status.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY-PARASITES AND WILDLIFE
(2023)
