Review
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Vera Citro, Marta Clerici, Aldo R. Boccaccini, Giovanna Della Porta, Nicola Maffulli, Nicholas R. Forsyth
Summary: Tendons are dense connective tissues that enable motion and maintain posture by transmitting muscle contraction forces to the skeleton. Tendon injuries, known as tendinopathies, are becoming more common due to aging populations and increased participation in sports/leisure activities. Tendon tissue engineering has emerged as a potential approach to drive tendon regeneration and healing.
JOURNAL OF TISSUE ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Xi Lou, Yawen Tang, Lei Ye, Danielle Pretorius, Vladimir G. Fast, Asher M. Kahn-Krell, Jue Zhang, Jianhua Zhang, Aijun Qiao, Gangjian Qin, Timothy Kamp, James A. Thomson, Jianyi Zhang
Summary: The study demonstrates that human cardiac muscle patches containing three types of cardiac cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells significantly improved cardiac function, reduced infarct size, and promoted cardiac maturation in a pig model of myocardial infarction. The inclusion of cardiac fibroblasts in the cardiac patches enhanced the maturity and function of cardiac muscle cells. Transplantation of cardiac patches with cardiac fibroblasts resulted in better cardiac recovery and engraftment compared to patches without fibroblasts.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Benshuai You, Chenglin Zhou, Yang Yang
Summary: Osteoarthritis is the main cause of disability in older adults and severely affects quality of life. Multiple factors are involved in its pathogenesis and existing therapies are relatively ineffective. However, mesenchymal stem cell-related therapies mediated by extracellular vesicles have shown positive outcomes for the treatment of osteoarthritis.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kenny Man, Mathieu Y. Brunet, Rebecca Lees, Ben Peacock, Sophie C. Cox
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the combined effects of inducing DNA hypomethylation and low oxygen tension on the therapeutic efficacy of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs). The results demonstrated that pre-treatment with hypomethylation and low oxygen significantly enhanced the epigenetic functionality and mineralization of hBMSCs, improving the therapeutic efficacy of MSC-EVs for bone regeneration.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jing Cui, Yan-Jing Zhang, Xuan Li, Jia-Jiao Luo, Lei-Lei Zhao, Xin-Yue Xie, Wei Ding, Jing-Cong Luo, Ting-Wu Qin
Summary: Extracellular vesicles derived from tendon-derived stem cells were bound to collagen using a collagen binding domain, resulting in the fabrication of a bio-functionalized scaffold. The scaffold promoted stem cell proliferation, migration, and tenogenic differentiation in vitro, and also facilitated stem cell recruitment, collagen deposition, and biomechanical improvement in injured tendons, leading to functional tendon regeneration.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Chung-Sung Lee, Min Lee, Kun Na, Hee Sook Hwang
Summary: Stem cells and their secretomes, particularly extracellular vesicles (EVs), have gained significant attention in biomedical applications. EVs act as cell-to-cell messengers, carrying proteins, nucleic acids, and other therapeutic agents. They have been utilized as drug-delivery vehicles due to their biocompatibility and other advantageous properties. Stem cells, with their self-renewal and regenerative potential, are ideal sources of EVs for tissue regeneration. However, challenges such as immune rejection and ethical considerations remain significant obstacles. Stem cell-derived EVs have been extensively explored as a cell-free approach in cancer therapy and tissue engineering.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shaowei Guo, Lior Debbi, Barak Zohar, Roee Samuel, Roni S. Arzi, Adina Fried, Tahel Carmon, Dudi Shevach, Idan Redenski, Inbar Schlachet, Alejandro Sosnik, Shulamit Levenberg
Summary: Applying mechanical stimuli in bioreactors significantly enhances EV production from dental pulp stem cells. Further mechanistic investigation reveals that this process is mediated by the mechanosensitivity of yes-associated protein (YAP). EVs from mechanically stimulated cells display superior capability in inducing axonal sprouting.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ho Pan Bei, Pak Ming Hung, Hau Lam Yeung, Shuqi Wang, Xin Zhao
Summary: Exosomes have emerged as a powerful tool for tissue repair with their complex content and ability to target specific cells, offering potential for enhanced bone, osteochondral, and cartilage regeneration. Engineering applications can further optimize exosomes for various functions through physical, chemical, and biological modulations.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Meng Liu, Xin Liu, Yuting Su, Shijie Li, Yuan Chen, Anqi Liu, Jing Guo, Kun Xuan, Xinyu Qiu
Summary: MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) have been identified as a promising therapy for tissue repair and regeneration, particularly in oral and craniomaxillofacial tissues. These diseases, induced by various factors, can be prevented and treated through tissue repair and regeneration.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xinyu Song, Ling Xu, Wenjie Zhang
Summary: Critical-size bone defect repair is challenging, and current therapies have limitations. Extracellular vesicle (EV)-based strategies offer a promising approach for tissue regeneration due to their complex composition and low immunogenicity. Optimizing the synthesis of biomimetic EVs can enhance their bioactivity and improve bone regeneration. Integrating nanoparticles into bone graft biomaterials can maximize the therapeutic efficacy of EVs. This review summarizes the role of EVs in bone regeneration, discusses strategies for optimizing biomimetic synthetic EVs, and explores the use of bone graft biomaterials for EV delivery to repair bone defects.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Jaemin Lee, Sae Rom Kim, Changjin Lee, Ye In Jun, Seoyoon Bae, Yae Jin Yoon, Oh Youn Kim, Yong Song Gho
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs), composed of proteolipid bilayers carrying molecular signatures, have potential therapeutic roles in liver diseases. Normal and damaged liver EVs both contribute to maintaining tissue homeostasis post-injury, highlighting potential for EV-based therapeutics.
JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Pingping Yuan, Zhiye Li, Bo Shao, Tian Zeng, Xiaopeng Wu, Yinggang Wang, Yimin Zhao, Wei Wu
Summary: In this study, BMSCs pre-conditioned in a starving environment were found to enhance the anti-apoptosis potential of co-transplanted chondrocytes, and extracellular vesicles derived from starving BMSCs played essential roles in improving apoptosis and regulating autophagy of chondrocytes. In vivo studies confirmed that these EVs significantly improved the survival of chondrocyte bricks.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mei-Ling Ho, Chin-Jung Hsu, Che-Wei Wu, Ling-Hua Chang, Jhen-Wei Chen, Chung-Hwan Chen, Kui-Chou Huang, Je-Ken Chang, Shun-Cheng Wu, Pei-Lin Shao
Summary: This study investigated the effect of adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC)-secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs) on osteoblast function. The results showed that ADSC-EVs can enhance osteoblast proliferation and activity, and may regulate osteoblast function through autophagy or signaling pathways.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Astgik Petrosyan, Paulo. N. N. Martins, Kim Solez, Basak. E. E. Uygun, Vijay. S. S. Gorantla, Giuseppe Orlando
Summary: Insights into the use of cellular therapeutics, extracellular vesicles (EVs), and tissue engineering strategies for regenerative medicine applications are continually emerging. These approaches have shown strong potential in modulating inflammatory immune responses, promoting regeneration in diseased organs, and treating inflammatory diseases like COVID-19. The field of stem cell therapies, in particular, has seen significant advancements in understanding stem cell heterogeneity and dosage specificity, leading to expanded clinical applications. Standardizing manufacturing protocols for tissue-engineered grafts is a crucial step towards whole organ engineering. Despite challenges, the prospects for personalized regenerative and transplant medicine are promising.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Pengzhen Cheng, Tianqing Cao, Xueyi Zhao, Weiguang Lu, Sheng Miao, Fenru Ning, Dong Wang, Yi Gao, Long Wang, Guoxian Pei, Liu Yang
Summary: This study identifies the intracellular binding target of EV-NID1 and further elucidates a novel approach and mechanism, thereby providing a cell-free construction strategy with precise targets for the development of vascularized tissue engineering products.
BIOACTIVE MATERIALS
(2022)
