期刊
ANNUAL REVIEW OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING, VOL 22
卷 22, 期 -, 页码 79-102出版社
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-082719-032747
关键词
silk; silkworms; spiders; insect transgenesis; biomaterials; metamaterials
资金
- US Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA2386-16-1-4114, FA2386-17-1-4072]
- Korean Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science andTechnologyDevelopment of the Rural Development Administration [PJ012089]
- Engineering Faculty Conversation on Quantum and Nano in Engineering at Purdue University
Silk fibers, which are protein-based biopolymers produced by spiders and silkworms, are fascinating biomaterials that have been extensively studied for numerous biomedical applications. Silk fibers often have remarkable physical and biological properties that typical synthetic materials do not exhibit. These attributes have prompted a wide variety of silk research, including genetic engineering, biotechnological synthesis, and bioinspired fiber spinning, to produce silk proteins on a large scale and to further enhance their properties. In this review, we describe the basic properties of spider silk and silkworm silk and the important production methods for silk proteins. We discuss recent advances in reinforced silk using silkworm transgenesis and functional additive diets with a focus on biomedical applications. We also explain that reinforced silk has an analogy with metamaterials such that user-designed atypical responses can be engineered beyond what naturally occurring materials offer. These insights into reinforced silk can guide better engineering of superior synthetic biomaterials and lead to discoveries of unexplored biological and medical applications of silk.
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