Review
Cell Biology
Martin J. Gibala, Martin J. MacInnis
Summary: Brief, intense interval training improves V_O2max through various physiological changes, including increased maximal cardiac output and blood volume, as well as changes in capillary and mitochondrial density. However, the specific mechanisms underlying these improvements are still unclear and require further investigation using contemporary technologies.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Jay Collison, Thomas Debenedictis, Joel T. Fuller, Ryan Gerschwitz, Tayla Ling, Lochlan Gotch, Brenden Bishop, Lauren Sibley, Jed Russell, Amy Hobbs, Clint R. Bellenger
Summary: This study compared the variability in supramaximal interval running performance prescribed by maximal aerobic speed, anaerobic speed reserve, and 30-15 intermittent fitness test terminal speed. The study found that the time to exhaustion residuals were reduced when prescribed by anaerobic speed reserve compared with maximal aerobic speed.
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Damir Zubac, Ante Obad, Daniela Supe-Domic, Mirela Zec, Ana Bosnjak, Vladimir Ivancev, Zoran Valic
Summary: This study investigated whether larger splenic emptying enhances excess post-exercise O-2 consumption (EPOC) after aerobic exercise cessation. It was found that during moderate-intensity supine cycling, spleen volume decreased by about 5%, resulting in a transient increase in red cell count and an increase in cardiovascular variables. Significant correlations were observed between the percent change in spleen volume and both EPOCfast and tau<(V)over dot>O-2.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Govindasamy Balasekaran, Mun Keong Loh, Peggy Boey, Yew Cheo Ng
Summary: This study determined the Maximal Aerobic Speed (MAS) at a percentage of vV(sic)O-2max, which showed higher accuracy in predicting running performances compared to vV(sic)O-2max alone. MAS was significantly correlated with various speed parameters and predicted 5000 m speed and lactate threshold velocity. Endurance trained athletes achieved higher MAS and maximal aerobic energy, but had a shorter duration at MAS compared to sprint trained athletes. Sprint trained athletes demonstrated higher maximal speed and longer distance in a 50 m sprint run test, along with better sprint performance and higher post-exercise blood lactate levels.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Gen-Min Lin, Kun-Zhe Tsai, Xuemei Sui, Carl J. Lavie
Summary: This study examined the correlations between time and estimated power output (EPO) for a run field test and VO2 max obtained from cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). The results showed that EPO had a stronger correlation with VO2 max compared to time.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Sport Sciences
Max Niemeyer, Raphael Knaier, Ralph Beneke
Summary: Studies show that research methods and physiological factors play a crucial role in the occurrence of VO(2)pl (maximum oxygen uptake plateau). Many studies use inappropriate definitions or methodical approaches, leading to inaccurate detection of VO(2)pl. Additionally, there is still uncertainty regarding whether there are differences in VO(2)pl occurrence based on exercise mode, type, and testing method.
Article
Sport Sciences
Leonardo Henrique Perinotto Abdalla, Ryan Michael Broxterman, Thomas Jackson Barstow, Camila Coelho Greco, Benedito Sergio Denadai
Summary: The study aimed to investigate whether creatine supplementation affected the speed of recovery in intermittent isometric exercise. The findings showed that creatine supplementation accelerated the recovery of intermittent exercise, with a significant inverse correlation between the creatine-induced change in recovery speed and the rate of peripheral fatigue development as well as time to task-failure. This suggests that the improvement in exercise performance after creatine supplementation is related to the physiological mechanisms of recovery speed.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Joel Rocha, Norita Gildea, Donal O'Shea, Simon Green, Mikel Egana
Summary: This study found that high-intensity priming exercise can improve the rate of oxygen uptake kinetics in patients with T2D, reduce oxygen depletion during high-intensity exercise, and help better match the delivery and utilization rate of oxygen.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Toshimi Sato, Shinichiro Morishita, Masahiro Ono, Yoshinari Funami, Keishi Hayao, Daichi Kusano, Masahiro Kohzuki
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of exercise tolerance on renal function after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The results showed that lower peak exercise oxygen uptake (VO2) levels were associated with a rapid decline in renal function. This suggests that poor exercise tolerance may be a risk factor for renal function deterioration after AMI.
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Zhiqin Zhang, Qingliang Cui, Chen Li, Xiaozhen Zhu, Shuling Zhao, Chengjiao Duan, Xingchang Zhang, Danxia Song, Linchuan Fang
Summary: This study systematically investigated the impact of microplastics on soil-plant systems, highlighting their plant toxicity and effects on soil structure and function. It proposed several strategies to mitigate soil microplastic pollution and emphasized the urgent need to develop quantitative detection methods for microplastics accumulated in plant tissues.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Sinead Sheridan, Andrew McCarren, Cleona Gray, Ronan P. Murphy, Michael Harrison, Stephen H. S. Wong, Niall M. Moyna
Summary: The study assessed the validity of OUES and OUEP as predictors of VO2max in healthy male adolescents, revealing that they do not accurately predict VO2max and should not replace VO2max when evaluating cardiorespiratory fitness in this population.
JOURNAL OF EXERCISE SCIENCE & FITNESS
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Norita Gildea, Adam McDermott, Joel Rocha, Domenico Crognale, Aaron Nevin, Donal O'Shea, Simon Green, Mikel Egana
Summary: This study assessed the rates of adjustment in oxygen uptake and muscle deoxygenation during high-intensity cycling in type 2 diabetes patients. The results showed that low-volume high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training both resulted in similar improvements in oxygen uptake kinetics without changes in muscle deoxygenation kinetics.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexander Neshitov, Konstantin Tyapochkin, Marina Kovaleva, Anna Dreneva, Ekaterina Surkova, Evgeniya Smorodnikova, Pavel Pravdin
Summary: This study proposes a model for predicting cardiorespiratory fitness levels using anthropometric, heart rate, and step count data. The model shows accurate predictions on a diverse cohort and provides estimations of uncertainty for the predictions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Physiology
Kevin L. Webb, Paolo B. Dominelli, Sarah E. Baker, Stephen A. Klassen, Michael J. Joyner, Jonathon W. Senefeld, Chad C. Wiggins
Summary: This review examines the influence of high Hb-O-2 affinity on cardiovascular and respiratory adjustments during hypoxia, comparing the physiological responses of humans with high Hb-O-2 affinity to those with normal Hb-O-2 affinity.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Michal Valenta, Michal Botek, Jakub Krejci, Andrew McKune, Barbora Sladeckova, Filip Neuls, Robert Bajgar, Iva Klimesova
Summary: This study examined the effects of acute pre-exercise ingestion of hydrogen rich water on running performance to exhaustion at maximal aerobic speed in trained track and field runners. The results showed that hydrogen rich water had no ergogenic effect on running performance.
Review
Neurosciences
David C. Poole, Brad J. Behnke, Timothy I. Musch
Summary: Three essential parameters of aerobic performance are maximal oxygen uptake, critical power, and speed of oxygen uptake kinetics following exercise onset. Vascular adaptations play a crucial role in accelerating and redistributing oxygen supply to muscles, improving aerobic function.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Ryo Ikegami, Hiroaki Eshima, Toshiaki Nakajima, Shigeru Toyoda, David C. Poole, Yutaka Kano
Summary: This study found that diabetes suppresses TRPV1 protein expression and function, inhibiting the increased myocyte Ca2+ levels normally induced by heat stress. These results suggest that capsaicin or other therapeutic strategies to increase Ca2+ accumulation via TRPV1 might be more effective than hyperthermic therapy for type 1 diabetic patients.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Joel D. Trinity, Jesse C. Craig, Caitlin C. Fermoyle, Alec McKenzie, Matthew T. Lewis, Soung Hun Park, Matthew T. Rondina, Russell S. Richardson
Summary: This case study reveals the presymptomatic impact of COVID-19 on vascular and skeletal muscle function in a young woman. Prior to COVID-19 diagnosis, significant reductions in vascular, skeletal muscle, and mitochondrial function were observed along with an elevation in IL-10 levels. This integrative case study indicates that the presymptomatic impact of COVID-19 is widespread and may help elucidate the acute and long-term sequelae of this disease.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Jesse C. Craig, Ryan M. Broxterman, James F. Cerbie, D. Taylor La Salle, Caleb S. Roundy, Catherine L. Jarrett, Russell S. Richardson, Joel D. Trinity
Summary: The study investigated the kinetics of mean arterial pressure (MAP) during transitions from unloaded to loaded exercise, finding that MAP increased in a first-order dynamic manner with doubled amplitude during heavy-intensity exercise. There was no difference in speed between moderate and heavy-intensity exercise. Preliminary findings in hypertensive and age-matched normotensive participants suggested exaggerated MAP responses in older groups but slowed response only in hypertensive patients.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Alec L. E. Butenas, Trenton D. Colburn, Dryden R. Baumfalk, Carl J. Ade, K. Sue Hageman, Steven W. Copp, David C. Poole, Timothy Musch
Summary: The study investigated the effects of chronic treatment with ACE inhibitor Captopril on brain blood flow in rats with HF-rEF during submaximal exercise. The results showed that middle cerebral and cerebellar blood flow increased during exercise in both HF-rEF and HF-rEF + Cap. groups, with no significant difference compared to the SHAM group, while posterior cerebral blood flow was lower in HF-rEF compared to SHAM.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Trenton D. Colburn, Ramona E. Weber, Kiana M. Schulze, K. Sue Hageman, Andrew G. Horn, Brad J. Behnke, David C. Poole, Timothy I. Musch
Summary: The study demonstrated sex differences in vascular K-ATP channel function in rats, suggesting potential exacerbation of exercise intolerance and morbidity with oral sulphonylureas, especially in premenopausal females. There was a greater reduction in muscle blood flow and exercise tolerance observed in female rats compared to males when treated with glibenclamide, highlighting the importance of considering sex-related effects in medication.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2021)
Review
Physiology
David C. Poole, Timothy I. Musch, Trenton D. Colburn
Summary: This article delves into the process of oxygen transport in the human body, challenging some traditional notions and offering a redefined model of muscle oxygen transport.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ramona E. Weber, Kiana M. Schulze, Trenton D. Colburn, Andrew G. Horn, K. Sue Hageman, Carl J. Ade, Stephanie E. Hall, Peter Sandner, Timothy I. Musch, David C. Poole
Summary: In heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, dysfunction of the sGC pathway impairs skeletal muscle arteriolar vasodilation and oxygen uptake. The use of sGC activators improves blood flow dynamics and oxygen uptake, providing a potential therapeutic approach for HFrEF.
NITRIC OXIDE-BIOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Letter
Sport Sciences
Ryan M. Broxterman, Jesse C. Craig, Brett S. Kirby
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Jesse C. Craig, Corey R. Hart, Gwenael Layec, Oh Sung Kwon, Russell S. Richardson, Joel D. Trinity
Summary: This study found that patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) have an exaggerated mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) response to exercise, likely driven by inflammation and oxidative stress. However, the blood flow response to exercise in patients with PAD remains equivocal.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Caitlin C. Fermoyle, D. Taylor La Salle, Jeremy K. Alpenglow, Jesse C. Craig, Catherine L. Jarrett, Ryan M. Broxterman, Alec I. McKenzie, David E. Morgan, Nathaniel M. Birgenheier, Walter Wray, Russell S. Richardson, Joel D. Trinity
Summary: The age-related increase in a-adrenergic tone may contribute to decreased leg vascular conductance both at rest and during exercise in the old. However, the effect on passive leg movement-induced leg vascular conductance, which is markedly attenuated in this population, is unknown.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jeremy K. Alpenglow, Kanokwan Bunsawat, Michael A. Francisco, Jesse C. Craig, Jarred J. Iacovelli, John J. Ryan, D. Walter Wray
Summary: Data from this study suggest that functional sympatholysis, or the ability to adequately attenuate sympathetic nervous system (SNS)-mediated vasoconstriction during exercise, is impaired in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). These observations extend the current understanding of HFpEF pathophysiology by implicating inadequate functional sympatholysis as an important contributor to reduced exercising muscle blood flow in this patient group.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Daniel M. Hirai, Ayaka Tabuchi, Jesse C. Craig, Trenton D. Colburn, Timothy Musch, David C. Poole
Summary: Inhibition of K-ATP channels reduces RBC flow and hemodynamics in skeletal muscle capillaries, indicating their important role in regulating microvascular hemodynamics and gas exchange in resting skeletal muscle.
PHYSIOLOGICAL REPORTS
(2021)
Letter
Sport Sciences
Miguel Angel Galan-Rioja, Fernando Gonzalez-Mohino, David C. Poole, Jose M. Gonzalez-Rave