Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Olivier Allais, Guy Fagherazzi, Julia Mink
Summary: The study found that early exposure to war has adverse effects on adult health outcomes, especially when the number of war-related deaths increases in the individual's birth postcode area. These effects include cancer, hypertension, angina, infarction, diabetes, and obesity.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
G. Dowse, E. J. Perkins, H. M. Stein, G. Chidini, O. Danhaive, Y. N. Elsaye, W. B. Carvalho, N. AlNaqeeb, S. Rooze, M. Cetinkaya, S. Vetter-Laracy, F. J. Pilar-Orive, P. Torpiano, W. A. Goncalves Ferri, D. Buonsenso, B. Rogdo, A. Medina, A. Polito, C. N. M. Brouwer, M. C. J. Kneyber, D. De Luca, D. G. Tingay, Espnic Covid-Paediatric Neonatal E. P. I. C. E. M. T. R. E. Registry
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the delivery of family-centred care (FCC) for newborns born to mothers with SARS-CoV-2 infection during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study found that most hospitals encouraged close mother-baby contact and breastmilk feeding during the pandemic, with an increasing trend of rooming-in and breastmilk feeding over time. However, symptomatic COVID-19 in mothers at birth had a significant impact on FCC.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bernard F. Fuemmeler, Mikhail G. Dozmorov, Elizabeth K. Do, Junfeng (Jim) Zhang, Carole Grenier, Zhiqing Huang, Rachel L. Maguire, Scott H. Kollins, Cathrine Hoyo, Susan K. Murphy
Summary: Maternal prenatal plasma cotinine levels were found to be associated with DNA methylation changes in umbilical cord blood of newborns, even in nonsmoking pregnant women. The altered DNA methylation was related to genes involved in development, carcinogenesis, and neuronal functioning. These findings suggest that low levels of smoke exposure during pregnancy may have significant impacts on offspring DNA methylation.
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
(2021)
Review
Pediatrics
John D. Lantos
Summary: This essay discusses the survival rates, rates of neurodevelopmental impairment, and cost concerns regarding babies born at 22 weeks, arguing that institutions that do not offer treatment should change their culture and calling for more research to identify best practices for these premature babies.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD
(2021)
Article
Economics
Abel Brodeur, Lamis Kattan
Summary: This paper examines the impact of male casualties due to World War II on fertility and female employment in the United States. It finds that high-casualty-rate counties experienced a lower increase in fertility compared to low-casualty-rate counties. Additionally, the study provides evidence that male casualties are positively related to female employment and household income in the 1950s.
JOURNAL OF LABOR ECONOMICS
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Duna Trobo, Cecilia Garcia, Marta Martinez, Ines Rodriguez, Maria Rojo, Sonsoles Moreno, Gonzalo Nozaleda, Ana Solis, Laura Perez, Miguel Caballero, Elena Ceballos, Maria T. Navarro, Federico Mariano Perez-Milan
Summary: The transfer of frozen-thawed embryos is associated with an increased risk of large for gestational age (LGA), regardless of other factors.
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yoo Jinie Kim, Seung Han Shin, Eun Sun Lee, Young Hwa Jung, Young Ah Lee, Choong Ho Shin, Ee-Kyung Kim, Han-Suk Kim
Summary: Prematurity and size at birth play a role in cardiometabolic and neurodevelopmental outcomes, yet differences in outcomes between small for gestational age (SGA) and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) groups were not significant during school-age. However, changes in weight z-score beyond 12 months were associated with higher cardiometabolic parameters after adjusting for confounding factors. Postnatal growth velocity may play a crucial role in determining long-term outcomes in preterm infants.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Kolja Thestorf, Mohsen Makki
Summary: Seventy-five years after World War II, the impact of the war on the soils and landscapes of the Berlin/Brandenburg Metropolitan Area is still visible. The study reveals that war-related landforms and soils show distinct physical and chemical characteristics, including elevated heavy metal contents. However, these soils also serve as habitats for endangered species and provide specific ecosystem services.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Shady Attia, Ahmed Mustafa, Nicolas Giry, Mathieu Popineau, Mathilde Cuchet, Numan Gulirmak
Summary: This study developed two building simulation models for post-World War II houses in Belgium and provided energy characteristics and occupancy profiles of detached single-family houses. The validity of benchmark models was checked against public statistics and verified through model calibration for future renovation scenarios. The findings on energy needs and intensity are useful for building professionals to address energy performance gaps in Western European countries.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2021)
Article
Management
Daniel Greene, Jaideep Shenoy
Summary: The study finds that stronger worker protection against racial discrimination leads to a decline in firm profitability, but firms are able to offset this impact by adjusting their capital structure.
MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Junaid Tariq, Ammar Armghan, Fayadh Alenezi, Amir Ijaz, Saad Rehman, Ayman Alfalou, Junaid Ali Khan
Summary: This article introduces a fast intra-mode estimation algorithm based on the 'German Tanks Problem', which reduces the compression time of HEVC significantly.
Book Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexandra Witze
Summary: Mary Sears led a predominantly female research team that played a crucial role in US operations in the Pacific theatre in the 1940s.
Article
Neurosciences
David Schinz, Benita Schmitz-Koep, Juliana Zimmermann, Elin Brandes, Marlene Tahedl, Aurore Menegaux, Juergen Dukart, Claus Zimmer, Dieter Wolke, Marcel Daamen, Henning Boecker, Peter Bartmann, Christian Sorg, Dennis M. Hedderich
Summary: This study indirectly investigated the changes in dopaminergic neurotransmission in premature infants by examining the co-localization of regional blood oxygenation fluctuations with adult dopaminergic neurotransmission. The study found selectively altered co-localization in premature-born adults specifically in the dopamine-2/3-receptor availability. The strength of the co-localization was negatively correlated with IQ, supporting the idea of altered dopaminergic neurotransmission in prematurity and its association with cognitive performance.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Heyi Yang, Erin Butler, Samantha A. Monier, Donald Siegel
Summary: This article discusses the dilemma faced by museums in presenting artifacts of human struggle against oppression and how science can help resolve this issue through protein analysis.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Mary Sawtell, Emily van Blankenstein, Tahira Bilal, Taralise Hall, Lisa Juniper, Julia Kotsoni, Juliette Lee, Neena Modi, Cheryl Battersby
Summary: This study, using a mixed methods approach, found that parents, adults born preterm, and professionals are supportive of routine linkage of health and education data for research focused on improving outcomes. The study also revealed a demand for better information on long-term outcomes and a desire for individuals born preterm to be consulted on the use of their data in the future.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD-FETAL AND NEONATAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Anthropology
Robert M. Malina, Slawomir M. Koziel, Miroslav Kralik, Maria Chrzanowska, Agnieszka Suder
Summary: Predicted maturity offset and age at PHV increase with chronological age at prediction, have reduced variation, but have limitations with early and late maturing boys and girls.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Anthropology
Zuzana Sekajova, Grazyna Liczbinska, Miroslav Kralik, Martin Cuta, Pavlina Ingrova
Summary: The study examined the secular trend in age at menarche (AAM) in the former Czechoslovak population and found differences in AAM among three generations of women, indicating a relationship with historical events and conception dates.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Sona Vackova, Miroslav Kralik, Klara Mareckova, Lucie Rackova, Leslie Quade, Lenka Sedlackova, Pavel Fojtik, Lukas Kucera
Summary: This study analyzed the distribution of phosphate in human enamel with a focus on accentuated stress lines using Raman microscopy, and found a relationship between low phosphate content and accentuated stress lines in human enamel.
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Anthropology
Duncan Wright, Philip Hughes, Nicholas Skopal, Matej Kmosek, Amy Way, Marjorie Sullivan, Lenka Lisa, Pamela Ricardi, Petr Skrdla, Ladislav Nejman, Patricia Gadd, Miriam Nyvltova Fisakova, Ondrej Mlejnek, Miroslav Kralik
Summary: As archaeologists strive to balance their roles as cultural heritage educators and destroyers, the excavation of spoil heaps has become a key focus of study. Findings from the excavation of a large spoil heap outside Sveduv Stul Cave in the Moravian Karst region of the Czech Republic reveal heterogeneous sediment formation and patterns in artefact distributions.
JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Robert M. Malina, Manuel J. Coelho-e-Silva, Diogo V. Martinho, Paulo Sousa-e-Siva, Antonio J. Figueiredo, Sean P. Cumming, Miroslav Kralik, Slawomir M. Koziel
Summary: The study evaluated predicted maturity offset and age at peak height velocity in youth soccer players, showing discrepancies between predicted and observed results and questioning their validity as indicators of maturity timing and status.
Article
Anthropology
Grazyna Liczbinska, Miroslav Kralik
Summary: Married mothers tend to give birth to babies with greater body size compared to single mothers, with marital status having a significant impact on birth body size in both pre-war and WWII cohorts. However, the mother's place of residence only had an effect in the pre-war cohort.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Anthropology
Lenka Polcerova, Maria Chovancova, Miroslav Kralik, Radoslav Benus, Ondrej Klima, Tereza Meinerova, Martin Cuta, Maria Elisabeth Petrova
Summary: This study investigated the sexual dimorphism in radioulnar contrasts of fingerprints, finding greater dimorphism on the right hand compared to the left hand. Six radioulnar contrasts on the right hand showed population-congruent direction and relatively strong dimorphism, with the 2r4u contrast exhibiting the highest average dimorphism. The 2r4u contrast could potentially serve as a marker of prenatal sexual development targeting a specific developmental window.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Anthropology
Grazyna Liczbinska, Marek Brabec, Janusz Piontek, Robert M. Malina
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between socioeconomic factors and the age of menarche among Polish women. The findings revealed that economic crises and war conditions had a stronger impact on the age of menarche among women from lower socioeconomic backgrounds, and the differences in menarche age between the lowest and highest social groups were reduced among women born after World War II.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Anthropology
Grazyna Liczbinska, Rajesh K. Gautam, Premananda Bharati, Robert M. Malina
Summary: This study evaluated the secular change in body size and weight status of adult Indian males born between 1891 and 1957 and surveyed in the 1970s. The findings showed that there was a slight decline in height until the age of 50 and a sharp decline after 60, while weight increased until the 40s and then declined. The prevalence of thinness and normal weight was high, while overweight and obesity were relatively low.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Grazyna Liczbinska, Marek Brabec, Rajesh Gautam, Jyoti Jhariya, Arun Kumar
Summary: This study investigates the trend of age at marriage among Scheduled Castes women in two Indian states and finds that the increase in age at marriage is related to women's education, poverty alleviation, and the implementation of social programs.
Article
Anthropology
L. Polcerova, R. L. Jantz, M. Kralik, M. Chovancova, M. Cuta
Summary: The aim of this study was to confirm the universal nature of sexual dimorphism in finger ridge counts by analyzing data from a large set of populations. The analysis revealed that certain finger ridge counts showed consistent sexual dimorphism across all 21 population samples. The most significant dimorphism was observed in the ridge count difference between the thumb and index finger.
ANNALS OF HUMAN BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Anthropology
Katarina Harnadkova, Miroslav Kralik, Veronika Bendova
Summary: The study found that males have a higher count of middle phalangeal hair and wider shafts compared to females. Hair shafts were significantly wider on the 4th finger than on the 2nd finger. However, there was no significant relationship between middle phalangeal hair shaft width and the 2D:4D ratio.
ANTHROPOLOGICAL NOTEBOOKS
(2021)
Article
History
Grazyna Liczbinska
Summary: This study looked at cholera epidemics in Poznan during the late 19th century and found that spatial and social inequalities related to living quarters influenced the probability of death from cholera. These inequalities were not solely based on infrastructure access, but also factors like occupation and religion had significant impact on mortality rates.
HISTORICAL SOCIAL RESEARCH-HISTORISCHE SOZIALFORSCHUNG
(2021)