Review
Biology
Lisa Franceschetto, Matteo Perilli, Alessandro Cinquetti, Chiara Giraudo, Mario Gardi, Giovanni Cecchetto, Guido Viel
Summary: This study systematically reviewed the literature of the past 20 years on the estimation of alcohol consumption during pregnancy using PEth. The results showed that PEth was more sensitive than self-reports for detecting pregnant women with active alcohol intake, and its diagnostic efficiency improved with increased maternal alcohol intake. However, the use of PEth is limited by the absence of a globally agreed interpretative cut-off, the lack of data regarding its specificity/sensitivity, and the lack of standardization on the diagnostic efficiency of different isoforms.
Article
Immunology
Judith A. Hahn, Christine Ngabirano, Robin Fatch, Nneka I. Emenyonu, Debbie M. Cheng, Julian Adong, Adah Tumwegamire, Norah A. Terrault, Benjamin P. Linas, Karen R. Jacobson, Winnie R. Muyindike
Summary: The aim of this study was to quantify the incidence of severe INH-related toxicity among PWH with and without recent alcohol consumption. The cumulative incidence of Grade 3+ INH-related toxicity was 8.3%, and all cases resolved after INH cessation. The cumulative incidence of Grade 2 toxicities was 21.7%.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ariadna Capasso, Jennifer L. Brown, Polina Safonova, Nikolay Belyakov, Vadim Rassokhin, Ralph J. DiClemente
Summary: The study revealed that heavy drinking is prevalent among Russian women with HIV infection, and it is associated with decreased CD4 cell count, increased HIV symptom burden, and suboptimal antiretroviral adherence. These findings support the integration of alcohol treatment interventions as part of routine HIV care in Russia.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Nicole C. Mccann, Michael J. Davenport, Amar D. Mandavia, Michael D. Stein, Nicholas A. Livingston
Summary: Veterans with substance use disorders have a higher prevalence of HIV, especially those with alcohol and drug abuse. There are disparities in HIV prevalence among different racial and age groups. A significant number of veterans have not received HIV screening.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Trine Finanger, Arne Einar Vaaler, Olav Spigset, Trond Oskar Aamo, Trine Naalsund Andreassen, Rolf Wilhelm Grawe, Ragnhild Bergene Skrastad
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the ability of the alcohol biomarker PEth to identify patients with high levels of alcohol consumption prior to admission to a psychiatric acute department. The results showed that PEth provides supplementary information on alcohol consumption, particularly in patients unable or unwilling to provide such information.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Akshay Shetty, Sergio De La Torre, Brittney Ibrahim, Andrew Hong, Julio Meza, Sammy Saab
Summary: Alcohol-related liver disease has increased over the past 20 years, leading to a greater need for accurate assessment of alcohol use. Poor outcomes have been associated with alcohol use in both pre-liver transplant and post-liver transplant patients. Patients with alcohol use disorder often underestimate their alcohol consumption, highlighting the importance of objective assessment. Multiple serologic biomarkers are available to assist clinicians in assessing recent alcohol consumption, and this review evaluates their strengths and weaknesses in the pre-liver transplant and post-liver transplant population.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Sangeeta Pandey, Yanyang Hu, Peter L. Anderson, Jennifer J. Kiser, R. Graham Cooks
Summary: We validate the concept of point-of-care assessment of long-term alcohol consumption by measuring phosphatidylethanol in blood/dried blood spots using nano-electrospray ionization and MS/MS with a miniature mass spectrometer. The levels of "abstinence", "moderate", and "chronic" consumption can be rapidly distinguished for both sample types, and quantitative analysis is achieved with blood samples (LoQ-100 ng mL(-1)).
Article
Substance Abuse
Carolien Verheij, Juanita A. A. Haagsma, Birgit C. P. Koch, Anne E. M. Segers, Stephanie C. E. Schuit, Pleunie P. M. Rood
Summary: This study investigated the correlation between the objective phosphatidylethanol (PEth) marker and the subjective Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and Timeline Followback Questionnaire (TLFB) as screening methods for hazardous alcohol use in the general ED population. The results showed that PEth can be used as an additional screening method to identify patients with problematic alcohol use who are missed by the AUDIT questionnaire.
ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Substance Abuse
Charles D. H. Parry, Bronwyn Myers, Mukhethwa Londani, Paul A. A. Shuper, Sebenzile Nkosi, Judith A. A. Hahn, Connie Kekwaletswe, Neo K. K. Morojele
Summary: Accurately quantifying alcohol use among persons with HIV (PWH) is crucial for assessing the efficacy of alcohol reduction interventions. In a randomized controlled trial in South Africa, we compared self-reported hazardous alcohol use with a biomarker test and found low agreement between AUDIT-C scores and heavy drinking. Underreporting of hazardous drinking was more common among females at the 6-month follow-up.
ALCOHOL-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Caroline Asiimwe, Robin Fatch, Debbie M. Cheng, Nneka Emenyonu, Christine Ngabirano, Winnie R. Muyindike, Judith A. Hahn
Summary: Alcohol use is problematic for individuals with HIV, and it may be affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and its restrictions. Despite a decrease in bar attendance, unhealthy alcohol use increased. This study evaluating the relationship between bar attendance and unhealthy alcohol use is valuable for understanding this issue.
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Nadine Aboutara, Anne Szewczyk, Hilke Jungen, Amadea Mosebach, Maria Rodriguez Lago, Eik Vettorazzi, Stefanie Iwersen-Bergmann, Alexander Mueller, Martina Sterneck
Summary: Despite the rather poor overall sensitivity of alcohol biomarkers in this study, PEth showed best sensitivity for all time periods of alcohol consumption. With the addition of PEth 16:0/18:1, sensitivity increased to 59%, indicating its potential as a reliable alcohol biomarker. The study also found that the specificity of PEth was consistently high, indicating its accuracy in detecting alcohol consumption.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Legal
Nadine Aboutara, Alexander Mueller, Hilke Jungen, Anne Szewczyk, Victoria van Ruth, Franziska Bertram, Klaus Puschel, Fabian Heinrich, Stefanie Iwersen-Bergmann
Summary: In a cohort of individuals with suspected high alcohol consumption, the study found that PEth was more sensitive for excessive alcohol consumption compared to CDT. Through blood sample analysis and consideration of subjective alcohol consumption behavior, PEth was confirmed to have higher sensitivity for detecting excessive alcohol consumption.
FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
J. Morgan Freiman, Robin Fatch, Debbie Cheng, Nneka Emenyonu, Christine Ngabirano, Carolina Geadas, Julian Adong, Winnie R. Muyindike, Benjamin P. Linas, Karen R. Jacobson, Judith A. Hahn
Summary: Pre-IPT elevated liver transaminases were common among PLWH receiving ART, with nearly one-fifth having elevated levels. Current alcohol use and male sex were independently associated with elevated transaminases, highlighting the need for further research on the impact of alcohol use on providing IPT.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Leonieke J. Breunis, Sophie Wassenaar, Barbara J. Sibbles, Ab A. Aaldriks, Hilmar H. Bijma, Eric A. P. Steegers, Birgit C. P. Koch
Summary: Alcohol consumption during early pregnancy was biochemically assessed using phosphatidylethanol, revealing a prevalence of one in nineteen women consuming alcohol, with a high percentage not reporting this to their obstetric care provider. Routine screening with phosphatidylethanol in maternal blood can be effective in identifying alcohol consumption during pregnancy.
BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH
(2021)
Article
Substance Abuse
Jane S. Chen, Geetanjali Chander, Tran Ha Viet, Teerada Sripaipan, Ngo T. K. Hoa, William C. Miller, Carl A. Latkin, David W. Dowdy, Heidi E. Hutton, Constantine Frangakis, Vivian F. Go
Summary: This study examined the relationship between PEth and self-reported alcohol consumption behaviors among hazardous alcohol users living with HIV in Vietnam. The results showed a modest correlation between PEth values and reported drinking days and alcohol consumed. Further research is needed to better understand the integration of PEth assessments into research and clinical care.
ALCOHOL-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Katelyn K. Jetelina, Rebecca Molsberry, Lauren Malthaner, Alaina Beauchamp, M. Brad Cannell, Trina Hall, Ed Fowler, Lonzo Anderson
Summary: This study examines the feasibility and acceptability of using smart watches to alleviate stress among law enforcement officers (LEOs). The results indicate that the smart watch can deliver brief wellness interventions in real-time, such as guided breathing exercises, when LEOs' stress levels exceed a predetermined threshold.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Alaina M. Beauchamp, Anjali Kalra, Heather Scroggins, Brittany Pahl, Amanda Pitt, Andrea Skaliks, Katelyn K. Jetelina
Summary: This study examines the prevalence and predictors of violence screening and victim service utilization in an integrated safety-net health system. The findings suggest that systematic implementation of violence screening can help identify victims and refer them to appropriate services in a timely manner.
HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Alaina M. Beauchamp, Sitara M. Weerakoon, Warren N. Ponder, Katelyn K. Jetelina
Summary: This study reveals the impact of COVID-19 on possible substance use disorders among first responders. The study found that increased personal and residential vulnerability is associated with an increased likelihood of having a possible SUD. Therefore, preventative and clinical approaches are needed to strengthen the resilience of first responders.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Patrick M. McTernan, Robert W. Siggins, Anna Catinis, Angela M. Amedee, Liz Simon, Patricia E. Molina
Summary: Effective antiretroviral therapy has turned HIV into a chronic disease, leading to a growing population of people over 50 living with HIV. Animal experiments have shown that chronic binge alcohol consumption and ovariectomy result in increased expression of SIV co-receptors in peripheral activated CD4(+) T cells and dysregulation of mitochondrial homeostasis.
Article
Substance Abuse
Danielle E. Levitt, Liz Simon, Hui-Yi Lin, Robert W. Siggins, Tekeda F. Ferguson, Patricia E. Molina, David A. Welsh
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between body composition and frailty risk among people living with HIV. The results showed that higher fat-free mass index and body fat percentage were associated with decreased frailty risk, while obesity increased the risk. The study also revealed that recent alcohol use, muscle strength, and physical activity moderated the relationship between body composition and frailty risk.
ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Alaina M. Beauchamp, Sitara M. Weerakoon, Madhuri B. Nagaraj, Heather Scroggins, Brittany Pahl, Amanda Pitt, Andrea Skaliks, Katelyn K. Jetelina
Summary: This study evaluates the disparities in violence victimization and screening/referral patterns across racial/ethnic identities and languages. The findings reveal that there are health disparities among persons of color, with Hispanic and Spanish-speaking patients having the highest likelihood of positive screening and black patients being more susceptible to appearance-based and injury-based abuse. Addressing disparities in the screening/referral processes can enhance access to services for diverse communities within healthcare settings.
JOURNAL OF AGGRESSION MALTREATMENT & TRAUMA
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Brianna L. Bourgeois, Danielle E. Levitt, Patricia E. Molina, Liz Simon
Summary: Our studies demonstrate that chronic binge alcohol (CBA) and HIV infection significantly impact metabolic homeostasis, particularly in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. CBA alters the differentiation potential of adipose-derived stem cells and myoblasts, and the differential expression of microRNAs (miRs) contributes to impaired myoblast differentiation. CBA also modulates the concentration and miR cargo of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from adipocytes and myotubes in SIV-infected macaques. These findings underscore the importance of EV-mediated intercellular communication in metabolic dysregulation.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alexandra Denys, Allison Norman, Daniel S. Perrien, Larry J. Suva, Liz Simon, Lee S. McDaniel, Tekeda Ferguson, Kim Pedersen, David Welsh, Patricia E. Molina, Martin J. J. Ronis
Summary: This study examines the relationship between alcohol use, bone health, and bone mass changes in people living with HIV. Through clinical data and animal experiments, the study findings suggest that alcohol consumption is associated with alterations in bone morphology and density, and age and menopausal status increase the susceptibility to these effects.
Article
Immunology
Michael G. Dubic, Scott Edwards, Lee S. McDaniel, Liz Simon, Patricia E. Molina
Summary: People living with HIV are more likely to engage in risky alcohol use and are at higher risk of neurocognitive decline. This study explored the mechanisms underlying HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) and found that chronic binge alcohol consumption may increase neuroinflammatory gene expression and decrease growth factor signaling. Additionally, gene expression patterns in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) may reflect expression changes in the brain. These findings are important for understanding HAND related to alcohol use and HIV exposure.
AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Robert W. Siggins, Patrick M. McTernan, Liz Simon, Flavia M. Souza-Smith, Patricia E. Molina
Summary: Alcohol misuse negatively affects tissues involved in energy metabolism regulation, such as the liver, pancreas, adipose, and skeletal muscle. It impairs mitochondrial functions and disrupts immunometabolism, leading to tissue injury.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Correction
Health Care Sciences & Services
Alaina M. Beauchamp, Christoph U. Lehmann, Richard J. Medford, Amy E. Hughes
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Alaina M. Beauchamp, Christoph U. Lehmann, Richard J. Medford, Amy E. Hughes
Summary: Social connectedness has numerous benefits for human health, including lower mortality rates and improved physical and mental health. This study investigates the association between digital social connectedness and depression at a population level in the United States, using large social media data sets.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Flavia M. Souza-Smith, Patricia E. Molina, Rajani Maiya
Summary: Chronic alcohol consumption in rodents leads to hyperpermeability of mesenteric collecting lymphatic vessels, lymph leakage, and immunometabolic dysregulation of perilymphatic adipose tissue (PLAT). This study aimed to investigate the alcohol-induced changes in lymph and plasma proteome using quantitative proteomic analysis. The results identified upregulation of apolipoproteins in lymph from alcohol-fed animals and downregulation of proteins in the plasma of alcohol-fed animals. Network analysis also revealed differentially expressed hub proteins in the lymph, while plasma analysis showed a module with no significant enrichment of differentially expressed proteins. Further studies will explore the functionality of these hub proteins in both lymph and plasma.
Article
Cell Biology
Kelly C. Cunningham, Deandra R. Smith, Daniel N. Villageliu, Christi M. Ellis, Amanda E. Ramer-Tait, Jeffrey D. Price, Todd A. Wyatt, Daren L. Knoell, Mystera M. Samuelson, Patricia E. Molina, David A. Welsh, Derrick R. Samuelson
Summary: Chronic alcohol abuse leads to alterations in the gastrointestinal microbiota, resulting in behavior changes, physiological alterations, and immunological effects. This study developed a humanized alcohol-microbiota mouse model and found that colonization of mice with fecal microbiota from individuals with high AUDIT scores increased susceptibility to pneumonia.
Article
Substance Abuse
Shawn M. Cohen, Dominick Dephilippis, Yanhong Deng, James Dziura, Tekeda Ferguson, Lisa M. Fucito, Amy C. Justice, Stephen Maisto, Vincent C. Marconi, Patricia Molina, Manuel Paris, Maria C. Rodriguez-Barradas, Michael Simberkoff, Nancy M. Petry, David A. Fiellin, E. Jennifer Edelman
Summary: This study evaluated perspectives on implementing contingency management (CM) to address unhealthy alcohol use for people with HIV in primary care settings. CM was viewed as a helpful, positive, and feasible approach to addressing unhealthy alcohol use and related conditions among patients and staff involved in a clinical trial. To enhance implementation, future efforts may consider simplified approaches to the reward structure and expanding rewards to non-abstinent reductions in alcohol consumption.
ALCOHOL-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
