Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yu Zhang, Jianping Lu, Yinghui Guo, Qian Zhang, Xiaoyan Chen, Qiang Yu
Summary: This study investigates alkali and acidic pretreatments of corn stalk material for efficient enzymatic saccharification. Fractal dimension analysis shows that alkali pretreated corn stalk is more easily hydrolyzed compared to acid pretreated corn stalk. The developed fractal-like model demonstrates high accuracy in predicting sugar yield at high enzyme loadings.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Hong-Yan Mou, Lu Feng, Jin Huang, Cheng-Rong Qin, Lv Tang, Hui-Ming Fan, Jian-An Liu
Summary: In this study, a hydrothermal combined alkaline method was used to improve the yield of xylan from cotton stalk. The extraction process was optimized through single factor and orthogonal experiments. The maximum yield of recovered xylan was 67.75 +/- 0.27% under the conditions of hydrothermal extraction at 170 degrees C, 60 min, 1:10 and alkaline extraction with 4% alkali at 65 degrees C for 2 h with S/L of 1:10. The physicochemical properties of xylan were determined using various analytical techniques, revealing its composition and structure. The proposed combined pretreatment method has high industrial application feasibility, providing a reliable xylan separation method.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Laxmi Sharma, Nurnabi Meherul Alam, Suman Roy, Pratik Satya, Gouranga Kar, Subhojit Ghosh, Tinku Goswami, Bijan Majumdar
Summary: Optimizing alkaline pretreatment and saccharification conditions can enhance saccharification yield of jute biomass. The highest delignification and saccharification were achieved with specific NaOH concentrations, temperature, and enzyme concentrations.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jie Cheng, Sheng-Chun Hu, Zeng-Chao Geng, Ming-Qiang Zhu
Summary: The microwave-assisted alkaline/ethanol pretreatment (MAAP) process was used to treat cotton stalk (CS) and separate high-purity lignin and digestible cellulose-rich residue. The MAAP process produced homogeneous lignin fractions with smaller molecular weights and more phenolic OH groups compared to MWL. The crystallization index of cellulose-rich substrates increased after the MAAP integrated process, and the glucose yield reached the maximum (82.41%) after enzymatic hydrolysis. The MAAP process is a promising method for producing lignin fractions with satisfactory purity and reactivity, promoting the value-added application of cotton stalk in biorefinery.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Bo Fan, Jiacheng Ni, Qi Li, Yucai He, Cuiluan Ma
Summary: In this study, a pretreatment method using a mixture of NaOH and deep eutectic solvent (DES) was applied to waste tomato stalk (TS). The effects of pretreatment conditions on enzymatic saccharification were investigated, and it was found that a combination of dilute NaOH and DES pretreatment effectively improved the saccharification yield of TS.
Review
Energy & Fuels
Praveen Kumar Keshav, Chandrashekhar Banoth, Srinivas Naik Kethavath, Bhima Bhukya
Summary: This article discusses the use of cotton stalk as a feedstock for lignocellulosic ethanol production. It explores the various pretreatment, saccharification, and fermentation methods and also identifies the major barriers and future perspectives in bioethanol fermentation strategies.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hongyan Mou, Lv Tang, Yibei Liu, Jin Huang, Lu Feng, Xiao Wu, Zhiwei Wang
Summary: Alkaline pretreatment was used to separate biomass components in this study. Two-stage alkaline pretreatment of bamboo and cotton stalk was designed to evaluate the fractionation of components. The pretreatment increased fiber porosity by weakening the hydrogen bond between cellulose and hemicellulose and saponifying the ester bond between hemicellulose and lignin. The cellulose enzymatic hydrolysis yield reached 74.2% and 82.1% for cotton stalks and bamboo, respectively, while the recovery of xylan and lignin was around 85%.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Mengjia Wu, Lei Gong, Cuiluan Ma, Yu-Cai He
Summary: The study found that the hydrogen bond donor (HBD) in ChCl-based deep eutectic solvent (DES) had a significant impact on the removal of lignin and xylan during the pretreatment of sorghum straw. By sequentially pretreating with dilute sodium hydroxide and soaking in ChCl:LAC, the enzymatic saccharification efficiency of SS was significantly improved.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Fei Li, Yang Liu, Jia Jia, Hongbo Yu
Summary: This study combined brown rot fungi and deep eutectic solvent (DES) to pretreat Pinus massoniana, and found that the combined ChCl-Lac/fungal pretreatments effectively improved enzymatic saccharification efficiency. The surface structure of Pinus massoniana was significantly modified and hemicellulose and lignin were removed and cellulose was enriched after the pretreatments.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Qizhen Yang, Wei Tang, Lei Li, Menghan Huang, Cuiluan Ma, Yu-Cai He
Summary: Hydrothermal pretreatment is an effective method to improve the saccharification of lignocellulose. In this study, an efficient hydrothermal pretreatment of sunflower straw was conducted, resulting in the removal of 58.8% xylan and 33.5% lignin at a treatment temperature of 180 degrees C for 120 min and a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:15. Various characterizations confirmed that hydrothermal pretreatment altered the surface structure and increased the accessibility to cellulase. The enzymatic saccharification of the treated sunflower straw achieved a high yield of reducing sugar and glucose and also produced xylo-oligosaccharide in the filtrate.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Lei Zhong, Chao Wang, Guihua Yang, Jiachuan Chen, Feng Xu, Chang Geun Yoo, Gaojin Lyu
Summary: A microwave-assisted guanidine hydrochloride deep eutectic solvent was developed for the pretreatment of castor stalk, showing high efficiency in delignification and enzymatic saccharification, as well as excellent lignin recovery. The guanidine hydrochloride-based DES demonstrated good recyclability and high cellulose hydrolysis rates, making it a promising pretreatment solvent for future biorefinery strategies.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Shujie Wang, Jin Sun, Mengjie Chen, Xianfeng Hou, Zhenzhong Gao
Summary: The Fenton reaction is widely used in the pretreatment of lignocellulose, showing benefits of increased enzymatic hydrolysis yield and effective degradation of lignin and hemicellulose. The optimal ratio of Fenton reagents can enhance the viability of converting biomass into energy.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Alamgir Akhtar Khan, Umair Sultan, Ramesh P. Rudra, Farrukh Ehsan, Muhammad Kashif, Muhammad Mohsin Khan, Sarfraz Hashim, Muhammad Zohaib, Syed Imran Ahmad
Summary: The world scenario has changed significantly after the COVID-19 pandemic, leading researchers to focus more on minimizing its effects on the economy, energy sustainability, and food security. The agricultural sector plays a crucial role in ensuring food security and energy sustainability. Optimizing mechanization technologies is essential to increase yield with limited energy inputs and operation time. This study primarily focuses on the design, development, and structural analysis of a machine called Cotton Stalk Puller and Shredder machine (CSPS) to efficiently cut crop leftovers, condition soil, and sow the next crop in a single run. Experimental trials revealed several issues affecting the machine's performance, such as high pressure on cutting blades, shredder section blockage, and excessive pulling load on tractor hitches. Structural analysis was conducted to address these deficiencies and improve machine safety and reliability. The study examined six core components of the machine and identified high-stress areas, such as the blade, root digger, and teeth of the gear system, which resulted in edge wear and damage. Adding a one-millimeter carbonization layer on the edge could provide additional strength to withstand excessive loads.
ALEXANDRIA ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yu Hua, Shuxian Chen, Huiping Li, Chen Cai, Xiaohu Dai
Summary: The novel thermal pretreatment method, called air frying, was developed to improve sugar yields and surface hydrophilicity with less loss of organic matter. Corn stover showed a more significant improvement in sugar yields after the pretreatment.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Rongxin Ling, Wenjuan Wu, Yufeng Yuan, Weiqi Wei, Yongcan Jin
Summary: The pretreatment with choline chloride and formic acid significantly improved the enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse by selectively extracting hemicellulose and degrading lignin, while the addition of Tween 80 as the best enzymatic additive enhanced glucose production and reduced hydrolysis time and enzyme dosage.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Xingran Kou, Dongdong Su, Fei Pan, Xiwei Xu, Qingran Meng, Qinfei Ke
Summary: This review provides a systematic discussion of the application of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations in aroma compounds (ACs)/cyclodextrins (CDs) inclusion complexes (ICs). It covers the establishment of the simulation process, parameter selection, model evaluation, and various application cases, summarizing the major achievements and challenges of this method.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Haoyu Yu, Quanbin Zhang, Ammad Ahmad Farooqi, Jing Wang, Yang Yue, Lihua Geng, Ning Wu
Summary: Brown algae are rich in fucoidan, which has been found to have anti-cancer and anti-metastasis effects. Fucoidan inhibits tumor cell growth, proliferation, and metastasis, and also promotes immune responses in the tumor microenvironment.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Liang Dong, Yanan Li, Hailin Cong, Bing Yu, Youqing Shen
Summary: Gene therapy is a revolutionary treatment that requires suitable vectors for protecting and releasing exogenous nucleic acids in target cells. Chitosan, as a non-viral vector, has gained attention due to its good biocompatibility and ability to load large amounts of nucleic acids. This paper summarizes the potential of chitosan and its derivatives as gene delivery vector materials, discusses factors influencing transfection efficiency, performance evaluation, ways to optimize infectious efficiency, and current research development directions. It also provides an outlook on the future prospects of chitosan.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ana Iglesias-Mejuto, Beatriz Magarinos, Tania Ferreira-Goncalves, Ricardo Starbird-Perez, Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo, Catarina Pinto Reis, Ines Ardao, Carlos A. Garcia-Gonzalez
Summary: This study developed a novel processing strategy to manufacture drug-loaded and personalized aerogels with nanostructures. The aerogels demonstrated bioactivity and antimicrobial effects, promoting bone regeneration and preventing infections in bone tissue engineering.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Zhenxu Shi, Dimei Yang, Yan Zhou, Xinyu Chen, Lin Gan, Jin Huang
Summary: This study proposes a micro-assembly method to improve the photoluminescent properties of crystalline cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) by organizing them within a sub-micrometer-sized metal-organic framework and coating with TiO2. The TiO2 coating prevents CNC assembly breakdown and allows information to be revealed using screenprinted labels for anti-counterfeiting purposes.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Xuejiao Liu, Bin Fu, Jierong Chen, Zhenyu Sun, Dongdong Zheng, Zhonghua Li, Bing Gu, Ying Zhang, Haojie Lu
Summary: Liver disease is a major cause of global mortality, and identifying biomarkers for diagnosing its progression is crucial for improving outcomes. Targeted mass spectrometry is a powerful tool for verifying biomarker candidates and clinical applications, particularly for glycoproteins translation. However, the limitation of analyzing only one sample per run has become apparent. In this study, a high-throughput intact N-glycopeptides quantification strategy was developed, allowing the validation of 20 samples per run with an average analysis time of 3 minutes per sample. The strategy was applied in a cohort of 461 serum samples and identified a panel of 10 IgG N-glycopeptides that have strong clinical utility in evaluating the severity of liver disease.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Qian Wang, Hao Jiang, Hongli Zhang, Weiqiao Lu, Xiao Wang, Wenfeng Xu, Jia Li, Youjing Lv, Guoyun Li, Chao Cai, Guangli Yu
Summary: This study proposes a novel strategy of antibody-beta-glucan conjugates (AGC) to enhance the antitumor immune response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. AGC demonstrated powerful tumor suppression and promoted interaction between tumor cells and dendritic cells (DCs), thereby enhancing immunotherapeutic benefits.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Chaeyeon Lee, Sojeong Lee, Sang Wook Kang
Summary: The study aims to enhance the properties of porous membranes by addressing the limitations associated with phase separation. By using cellulose acetate and citric acid, the researchers were able to fabricate membranes with improved mechanical strength and thermal stability. The cross-linking effect of citric acid resulted in a more uniform pore structure and higher porosity.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Tejaswini Kolipaka, Giriraj Pandey, Noella Abraham, Dadi A. Srinivasarao, Rajeev Singh Raghuvanshi, P. S. Rajinikanth, Vidya Tickoo, Saurabh Srivastava
Summary: This review focuses on the design and application of polysaccharide-based hydrogel wound dressings, highlighting aspects such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, drug entrapment, moisturizing ability, swelling, and mechanical properties. Additionally, various crosslinking methods and recent developments in stimuli-responsive hydrogels are discussed.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Anqi Xu, Nan Zhang, Shixing Su, Hongyu Shi, Daoqiang Lu, Xifeng Li, Xin Zhang, Xin Feng, Zhuohua Wen, Gengwu Ma, Mengshi Huang, Chi Huang, Yuqi Hu, Hao Yuan, Qinwen Liu, Daogang Guan, Jun Wang, Chuanzhi Duan
Summary: The study presents a one-pot radical polymerization method to fabricate a hydrogel with adhesive properties, which can effectively treat bacterial-infected diabetic wounds and accelerate wound healing.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Montarop Yamabhai, Munthipha Khamphio, Thae Thae Min, Chai Noy Soem, Nguyen Cao Cuong, Waheni Rizki Aprilia, Krisanai Luesukprasert, Karsidete Teeranitayatarn, Atthaphon Maneedaeng, Tina R. Tuveng, Silje B. Lorentzen, Simen Antonsen, Paiboon Jitprasertwong, Vincent G. H. Eijsink
Summary: The study investigates the bioconversion of chitosan into soluble anti-inflammatory chitosan oligosaccharides (CHOS) using an enzyme. The results show that the generated CHOS have anti-inflammatory activity, but the magnitude of the activity depends on the substrate and production process. Different methods of dissolving chitosan also affect the properties of CHOS. The study highlights the importance of quality assurance in CHOS preparations.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Wen Cao, Jiangping Wu, Xinya Zhao, Zixu Li, Jie Yu, Taili Shao, Xuefeng Hou, Lutan Zhou, Chunfei Wang, Guodong Wang, Jun Han
Summary: In this study, a water-soluble polysaccharide (PLP1) was successfully isolated and purified from Pueraria lobata. It was found that PLP1 was composed of specific glycosidic units and exhibited a better free radical-scavenging ability. Moreover, PLP1 effectively protected the liver against acute alcoholic liver disease (ALD) in mice.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ya Su, Yaqian Liu, Xueyan Hu, Yueqi Lu, Jinyuan Zhang, Wenbo Jin, Wang Liu, Yan Shu, Yuen Yee Cheng, Wenfang Li, Yi Nie, Bo Pan, Kedong Song
Summary: A 3D printed scaffold based on carbon dots-curcumin nano-drug release has been developed for drug delivery after breast cancer surgery. The scaffold showed effective inhibition of tumor growth, antibacterial activity, and promotion of wound healing, making it a promising approach for preventing tumor recurrence.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ekaterina Sokolova, Diane Jouanneau, Antonin Chevenier, Murielle Jam, Nathalie Desban, Pierre Colas, Elizabeth Ficko-Blean, Gurvan Michel
Summary: Carrageenans, a compound synthesized in red algae, have various biological properties and are valuable in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Their fine structure affects wound healing, oxidative processes, hemostasis, and inflammation. Enzymatic modification of carrageenans produces oligosaccharides that bind to natural human serum antibodies and specific antibodies, showing potential for therapeutic applications.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Yan Shi, Miao Yu, Kaijin Qiu, Tiantian Kong, Chunjing Guo, Wenxue Zhang, Daquan Chen, Ming Kong
Summary: In this study, functionalized transfersomes were developed to co-deliver doxorubicin and 1MT towards primary tumors and tumor draining lymph nodes via transdermal administration using microneedles. The results showed that the nano-complexed microneedles exhibited a stronger suppression in tumor growth compared to the intravenous group.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)