Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Man-Fung Yuen, Seng-Gee Lim, Robert Plesniak, Keiji Tsuji, Harry L. A. Janssen, Cristina Pojoga, Adrian Gadano, Corneliu P. Popescu, Tatyana Stepanova, Tarik Asselah, Gheorghe Diaconescu, Hyung Joon Yim, Jeong Heo, Ewa Janczewska, Alexander Wong, Nevin Idriz, Michio Imamura, Giuliano Rizzardini, Koichi Takaguchi, Pietro Andreone, Manuela Arbune, Jinlin Hou, Sung Jae Park, Andrei Vata, Jennifer Cremer, Robert Elston, Tamara Lukic, Geoff Quinn, Lauren Maynard, Stuart Kendrick, Helene Plein, Fiona Campbell, Melanie Paff, Dickens Theodore, B-Clear Study Grp
Summary: Bepirovirsen treatment for 24 weeks at a dose of 300 mg per week resulted in sustained loss of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and HBV DNA in 9%-10% of patients with chronic HBV infection. Larger and longer trials are needed to assess the efficacy and safety of bepirovirsen.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Robert J. Wong, Carol L. Brosgart, Sue Welch, Tim Block, Mark Chen, Chari Cohen, W. Ray Kim, Kris Kowdley, Anna S. Lok, Naoky Tsai, John Ward, Steven S. Wong, Robert G. Gish
Summary: The study estimated the number of foreign-born persons with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in the USA by country of origin, updating a previous study from 2011. Systematic searches were conducted for articles published between 2009-2019 to calculate pooled prevalence estimates for 99 countries using meta-analyses. The total number of foreign-born persons with CHB in the USA in 2018 was estimated to be 1.47 million, substantially higher than previously reported, with a weighted average CHB prevalence of 3.07%.
Editorial Material
Virology
Syeda Kanza Kazmi, Fatima Muhammad Asad Khan, Valentino Natoli, Reem Hunain, Zarmina Islam, Ana Carla dos Santos Costa, Shoaib Ahmad, Mohammad Yasir Essar
Summary: Hepatitis is a significant cause of mortality worldwide, with around 1.34 million deaths annually. Africa is not immune to this issue, with an estimated 100 million individuals infected with Hepatitis B or C. The continent, already fragile, is further burdened by the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, which could potentially worsen the threat from viral diseases like Hepatitis. Strengthening prevention policies is essential for Africa to build resilience against such threats.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Calvin Q. Pan, Bao-Shen Zhu, Jian-Ping Xu, Jian-Xia Li, Li-Juan Sun, Hong-Xia Tian, Xi-Hong Zhang, Su-Wen Li, Er-Hei Dai
Summary: This study compared pregnancy and fetal outcomes between HCV-infected mothers and healthy mothers, and found that HCV-infected mothers are more likely to experience pregnancy complications such as anemia, requiring caesarian sections, and nuchal cords.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Po-Yao Hsu, Yu-Ju Wei, Po-Cheng Liang, Jia-Jung Lee, Sheng-Wen Niu, Jiun-Chi Huang, Cheng-Ting Hsu, Tyng-Yuan Jang, Ching- Huang, Yi-Hung Lin, Ming-Yen Hsieh, Meng-Hsuan Hsieh, Szu-Chia Chen, Chia-Yen Dai, Zu-Yau Lin, Shinn-Cherng Chen, Jee-Fu Huang, Jer-Ming Chang, Ming-Lun Yeh, Chung-Feng Huang, Yi-Wen Chiu, Shang-Jyh Hwang, Wan-Long Chuang, Ming-Lung Yu
Summary: Hemodialysis patients are at increased risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. This study found that hemodialysis patients with HCV exhibited a higher burden of comorbidities, especially in ischemic heart diseases, respiratory disorders, and mental/behavioral disorders, compared to patients with HBV and those without viral hepatitis.
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Heiner Wedemeyer, Soo Aleman, Maurizia Rossana Brunetto, Antje Blank, Pietro Andreone, Pavel Bogomolov, Vladimir Chulanov, Nina Mamonova, Natalia Geyvandova, Viacheslav Morozov, Olga Sagalova, Tatyana Stepanova, Annemarie Berger, Dmitry Manuilov, Vithika Suri, Qi An, Ben Da, John Flaherty, Anu Osinusi, Yang Liu, Uta Merle, Julian Schulzezur Wiesch, Stefan Zeuzem, Sandra Ciesek, Markus Cornberg, Pietro Lampertico
Summary: In this study, it was found that bulevirtide is effective in inhibiting the entry of hepatitis D virus and reducing the progression of liver disease in patients with chronic hepatitis B. The recommended dosage of bulevirtide is 2 mg or 10 mg per day.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Heiner Wedemeyer, Soo Aleman, Maurizia Rossana Brunetto, Antje Blank, Pietro Andreone, Pavel Bogomolov, Vladimir Chulanov, Nina Mamonova, Natalia Geyvandova, Viacheslav Morozov, Olga Sagalova, Tatyana Stepanova, Annemarie Berger, Dmitry Manuilov, Vithika Suri, Qi An, Ben Da, John Flaherty, Anu Osinusi, Yang Liu, Uta Merle, Julian Schulze zur Wiesch, Stefan Zeuzem, Sandra Ciesek, Markus Cornberg, Pietro Lampertico
Summary: Bulevirtide treatment reduces HDV RNA and ALT levels in patients with chronic hepatitis D, with a dose-dependent effect.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Alessandra Mangia, Rosa Cotugno, Giovanna Cocomazzi, Maria Maddalena Squillante, Valeria Piazzolla
Summary: The World Health Organization's goal of eliminating Hepatitis C virus (HCV) by 2030 using direct-acting antiviral treatments has become less attainable post the 2020 pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019. Therefore, a more realistic approach of micro-elimination in population segments where targeted strategies of prevention and treatment are easily attained has been promoted in Europe. Active involvement of stakeholders and community participation are essential components for the success of a micro-elimination project tailored at the geographical level according to HCV epidemiology and individual country's income.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Geoffrey Dusheiko, Kosh Agarwal, Mala K. Maini
Summary: Significant progress has been made in the understanding of hepatitis B, encompassing virologic and pathogenetic features, diagnosis, treatment options, and disease management and prevention.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Virology
Anna Wroblewska, Anna Woziwodzka, Magda Rybicka, Krzysztof P. Bielawski, Katarzyna Sikorska
Summary: This study found that genetic variants related to iron metabolism are associated with the progression of liver disease in chronic hepatitis C patients. Specific single nucleotide polymorphisms in certain genes are correlated with histopathological changes in liver tissue, and the combination of HDAC3 rs976552 and CYBRD1 rs884409 mutations is associated with a higher risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. Polymorphisms related to iron homeostasis are associated with histopathological changes in the liver.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Michael Evan Rogers, William F. Balistreri
Summary: Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a significant global public health burden, with over 400000 deaths attributed to HCV in 2015. The World Health Organization (WHO) has set the ambitious goal of eliminating HCV by 2030, but the issue of HCV infection in children and adolescents remains significant. In the United States, HCV infection rates in women of childbearing age and pregnant women have increased alongside the opioid epidemic, highlighting the need to focus on the younger population under 18 years old.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Adeel A. Butt, Peng Yan, Shashi Kapadia, Abdul-Badi Abou-Samra, Naveed Z. Janjua, Said Ibrahim
Summary: Patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection (CHC) have a higher risk of prescription opioid use (POU) due to a higher comorbidity burden and social vulnerability factors. CHC is associated with a higher risk of chronic long-term POU, while black race, female sex, and homelessness are also linked to a higher risk of chronic long-term POU.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Anshuman Das, Efrain E. Rivera-Serrano, Xin Yin, Christopher M. Walker, Zongdi Feng, Stanley M. Lemon
Summary: In this Review, the authors discuss quasi-enveloped virions, their entry and release from human host cells, and their impact on host immunity and pathogenesis. They focus on hepatitis A and E viruses, which were previously considered non-enveloped but are now known to be released as quasi-enveloped virions cloaked in host membranes. Despite lacking virally encoded proteins on their surface, these virions efficiently enter cells and replicate. The authors also describe the mechanisms by which specific peptide sequences in the capsids of these virions mediate their release from hepatocytes and the current understanding of their cell entry mechanism.
NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Gabriela Loredana Popa, Mircea Ioan Popa
Summary: Oxidative stress plays an important role in infections, especially viral liver infections. Excessive reactive oxygen species have harmful effects on cells. Recent research shows the close relationship between oxidative stress and the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis B, potentially providing new markers for evaluating and monitoring patients.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Penglei Jiang, Hongyu Jia, Xinyue Qian, Tian Tang, Yingli Han, Zhaoru Zhang, Lingli Jiang, Zebin Yu, Lin Zheng, Guodong Yu, Huan Cai, Shanyan Zhang, Xiaoli Zhang, Jueqing Gu, Chanyuan Ye, Lisha Yang, Yingfeng Lu, Heng Liu, Xiaoqing Lu, Ciliang Jin, Yue Ren, Miaomiao Lu, Lingling Xu, Jiong Yu, Xi Jin, Yida Yang, Pengxu Qian
Summary: This study used single-cell RNA sequencing to investigate the transcriptomic landscape of peripheral immune cells in CHB patients before and after PegIFN-alpha therapy. The study identified specific cell subsets associated with CHB and found that PegIFN-alpha treatment could decrease hyperactivated monocytes, increase long-lived naive/memory T cells, and enhance effector T cell cytotoxicity. Furthermore, the treatment altered the transcriptional profiles of immune cells and enhanced innate antiviral response.