Review
Neurosciences
Takashi Namba, Jeannette Nardelli, Pierre Gressens, Wieland B. Huttner
Summary: The neocortex has expanded in certain mammals such as primates, including humans, and NPC metabolism is now recognized as a major regulator of NPC proliferation in neocortical development. Insights into the role of NPC metabolism in neurodevelopmental disorders and its relevance for neocortex evolution have been summarized, highlighting the impact of metabolism on NPC proliferation and neocortical development.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Thomas Schreiner, Elisabeth Kaufmann, Soheyl Noachtar, Jan-Hinnerk Mehrkens, Tobias Staudigl
Summary: The anterior thalamus plays an active role in organizing sleep rhythms in the neocortex, highlighting the functional diversity of thalamic nuclei in humans.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Min-Yi Ou, Qi Xiao, Xiang-Chun Ju, Peng-Ming Zeng, Jing Huang, Ai-Li Sheng, Zhen-Ge Luo
Summary: The study identified numerous fusion transcripts in the developing neocortex, with CTCL playing a crucial role in cortex expansion by enriching in outer radial glial cells. Downregulation of CTCL resulted in reduced neural progenitors and premature neuronal differentiation, affecting organoid growth. Additionally, CTCL fine-tunes Wnt/beta-catenin signaling that controls cortex patterning.
Article
Cell Biology
Hanseul Kweon, Won Beom Jung, Geun Ho Im, Jia Ryoo, Joon-Hyuk Lee, Hogyeong Do, Yeonsoo Choi, You-Hyang Song, Hwajin Jung, Haram Park, Lily R. Qiu, Jacob Ellegood, Hyun-Ji Shim, Esther Yang, Hyun Kim, Jason P. Lerch, Seung-Hee Lee, Won-Suk Chung, Daesoo Kim, Seong-Gi Kim, Eunjoon Kim
Summary: Deletion of the CHD8 gene in mice leads to near-complete elimination of neocortical structures, yet the mice display mostly normal behaviors, including hyperactivity and increased social interaction. These changes are accompanied by thalamic hyperactivity and enhanced somatosensory function, suggesting a critical role of excitatory neuronal CHD8 in neurodevelopment and a compensatory response in CHD8 haploinsufficiency-related macrocephaly.
Review
Cell Biology
David de Agustin-Duran, Isabel Mateos-White, Jaime Fabra-Beser, Cristina Gil-Sanz
Summary: This review discusses the important role of cell-cell adhesion molecules in corticogenesis, focusing on the classical cadherins and nectins families and their effectors, with particular attention to the cooperative actions between the two families of C-CAMs.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhihua Ma, Yi Zeng, Ming Wang, Wei Liu, Jiafeng Zhou, Chao Wu, Lin Hou, Bin Yin, Boqin Qiang, Pengcheng Shu, Xiaozhong Peng
Summary: In this study, the negative modulator N4BP1 in neural progenitor cells was found to regulate the dynamics of Notch signaling pathway by mediating the stability of NICD after Notch1 S3 cleavage. The CoCUN domain in N4BP1, particularly the Phe-Pro motif, played a crucial role in mediating the degradation of NICD. Additionally, the E3 ligase Trim21 was specifically required for N4BP1-regulated NICD degradation. Overexpression of N4BP1 promoted neural stem cell differentiation, while the absence of N4BP1 sensitized neural progenitor cells to Notch signaling, resulting in the maintenance of stem-like properties and reduced production of cortical neurons in the cerebral cortex.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Toshiaki Taniguchi, Hiroyuki Tomita, Tomohiro Kanayama, Kazumasa Mogi, Yoshihiro Koya, Yoshihiko Yamakita, Masato Yoshihara, Hiroaki Kajiyama, Akira Hara
Summary: Mesothelial cells (MCs) play a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis and have the potential to differentiate into various cell types. The expression of Wilms' tumor suppressor gene (Wt1) is closely related to the differentiation potential of MCs, with its expression decreasing from the embryonic period to adulthood.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jim Berg, Staci A. Sorensen, Jonathan T. Ting, Jeremy A. Miller, Thomas Chartrand, Anatoly Buchin, Trygve E. Bakken, Agata Budzillo, Nick Dee, Song-Lin Ding, Nathan W. Gouwens, Rebecca D. Hodge, Brian Kalmbach, Changkyu Lee, Brian R. Lee, Lauren Alfiler, Katherine Baker, Eliza Barkan, Allison Beller, Kyla Berry, Darren Bertagnolli, Kris Bickley, Jasmine Bomben, Thomas Braun, Krissy Brouner, Tamara Casper, Peter Chong, Kirsten Crichton, Rachel Dalley, Rebecca de Frates, Tsega Desta, Samuel Dingman Lee, Florence D'Orazi, Nadezhda Dotson, Tom Egdorf, Rachel Enstrom, Colin Farrell, David Feng, Olivia Fong, Szabina Furdan, Anna A. Galakhova, Clare Gamlin, Amanda Gary, Alexandra Glandon, Jeff Goldy, Melissa Gorham, Natalia A. Goriounova, Sergey Gratiy, Lucas Graybuck, Hong Gu, Kristen Hadley, Nathan Hansen, Tim S. Heistek, Alex M. Henry, Djai B. Heyer, DiJon Hill, Chris Hill, Madie Hupp, Tim Jarsky, Sara Kebede, Lisa Keene, Lisa Kim, Mean-Hwan Kim, Matthew Kroll, Caitlin Latimer, Boaz P. Levi, Katherine E. Link, Matthew Mallory, Rusty Mann, Desiree Marshall, Michelle Maxwell, Medea McGraw, Delissa McMillen, Erica Melief, Eline J. Mertens, Leona Mezei, Norbert Mihut, Stephanie Mok, Gabor Molnar, Alice Mukora, Lindsay Ng, Kiet Ngo, Philip R. Nicovich, Julie Nyhus, Gaspar Olah, Aaron Oldre, Victoria Omstead, Attila Ozsvar, Daniel Park, Hanchuan Peng, Trangthanh Pham, Christina A. Pom, Lydia Potekhina, Ramkumar Rajanbabu, Shea Ransford, David Reid, Christine Rimorin, Augustin Ruiz, David Sandman, Josef Sulc, Susan M. Sunkin, Aaron Szafer, Viktor Szemenyei, Elliot R. Thomsen, Michael Tieu, Amy Torkelson, Jessica Trinh, Herman Tung, Wayne Wakeman, Femke Waleboer, Katelyn Ward, Rene Wilbers, Grace Williams, Zizhen Yao, Jae-Geun Yoon, Costas Anastassiou, Anton Arkhipov, Pal Barzo, Amy Bernard, Charles Cobbs, Philip C. de Witt Hamer, Richard G. Ellenbogen, Luke Esposito, Manuel Ferreira, Ryder P. Gwinn, Michael J. Hawrylycz, Patrick R. Hof, Sander Idema, Allan R. Jones, C. Dirk Keene, Andrew L. Ko, Gabe J. Murphy, Lydia Ng, Jeffrey G. Ojemann, Anoop P. Patel, John W. Phillips, Daniel L. Silbergeld, Kimberly Smith, Bosiljka Tasic, Rafael Yuste, Idan Segev, Christiaan P. J. de Kock, Huibert D. Mansvelder, Gabor Tamas, Hongkui Zeng, Christof Koch, Ed S. Lein
Summary: By studying neurosurgically resected human tissues, researchers have identified diverse glutamatergic neuron types in the neocortex and demonstrated strong correlations between morphological, physiological, and transcriptomic phenotypes. The results provide insight into the increased complexity of cortical function in humans and suggest certain transcriptomic neuron types are selectively vulnerable in diseases like Alzheimer's.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Behnam Rashidieh, Belal Shohayeb, Amanda Louise Bain, Patrick R. J. Fortuna, Debottam Sinha, Andrew Burgess, Richard Mills, Rachael C. Adams, J. Alejandro Lopez, Peter Blumbergs, John Finnie, Murugan Kalimutho, Michael Piper, James Edward Hudson, Dominic C. H. Ng, Kum Kum Khanna
Summary: CEP55 plays a critical role in embryonic development and neural development, with its defects leading to severe clinical manifestations and perinatal lethality. It regulates neural development through the Akt pathway and downstream effector Gsk3 beta, and plays a crucial role in cilia formation.
Article
Plant Sciences
Pham Anh Tuan, Tran-Nguyen Nguyen, Parneet K. Toora, Belay T. Ayele
Summary: This study comprehensively analyzed the changes in the expression patterns of plant hormone metabolism genes and the levels of their bioactive forms during barley seed development. The results showed that the levels of plant hormones were generally high in the endosperm and embryo tissues at the early stage of seed filling, but decreased during seed filling, except for ABA. The level of ABA in the embryo increased during seed filling and peaked at physiological maturity, while the endospermic ABA remained stable during seed filling. After physiological maturity, most hormones in both tissues showed low levels, except for higher levels of jasmonoyl-isoleucine and SA detected at late stage.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Martin W. Breuss, Xiaoxu Yang, Johannes C. M. Schlachetzki, Danny Antaki, Addison J. Lana, Xin Xu, Changuk Chung, Guoliang Chai, Valentina Stanley, Qiong Song, Traci F. Newmeyer, An Nguyen, Sydney O'Brien, Marten A. Hoeksema, Beibei Cao, Alexi Nott, Jennifer McEvoy-Venneri, Martina P. Pasillas, Scott T. Barton, Brett R. Copeland, Shareef Nahas, Lucitia Van der Kraan, Yan Ding, Christopher K. Glass, Joseph G. Gleeson
Summary: The structure of the human neocortex and its developmental processes were investigated through the assessment of brain somatic mosaicism. Samples from adult human tissues were analyzed, revealing distinct geographical, cell-type, and Glade organizations in the brain and other organs. The findings suggest that the clones in the cerebral cortex respect the midline axis and have dual origins from both dorsal and ventral cellular populations.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lu Wang, Caleb Heffner, Keng Loi Vong, Chelsea Barrows, Yoo-Jin Ha, Sangmoon Lee, Pablo Lara-Gonzaleze, Ishani Jhamb, Dennis Van der Meer, Robert Loughnan, Nadine Parker, David Sievert, Swapnil Mittal, Mahmoud Y. Issa, Ole A. Andreassen, Anders Dale, William B. Dobyns, Maha S. Zaki, Stephen A. Murray, Joseph G. Gleeson
Summary: TMEM161B is a widely expressed transmembrane protein of unknown function in human, and mutations in this gene cause recessive polymicrogyria (PMG) and intellectual disability. Studies in mice and patient-derived brain organoids show that TMEM161B is involved in the development of the neocortex through regulation of apical cell polarity and radial glial scaffolding. TMEM161B modulates actin filopodia, acting upstream of the Rho-GTPase CDC42. These findings link TMEM161B to human PMG and provide insights into the role of TMEM161B in neocortical development.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniela Veljacic Viskovic, Mirela Lozic, Martina Vukoja, Violeta Soljic, Katarina Vukojevic, Merica Glavina Durdov, Natalija Filipovic, Bernarda Lozic
Summary: We investigated the expression of two novel susceptibility genes, DLG1 and KIF12, in healthy human kidneys during development and postnatal stages. DLG1 showed strong expression in the developing kidney, gradually decreasing until the third phase and exhibiting highest expression in the tubules at later stages. KIF12 was highly expressed during development, especially in the first phase, and gradually decreased until the postnatal phase, suggesting its significant role in nephrogenesis. Co-localization of DLG1 and KIF12 was observed in the early phase, particularly in the tubular epithelial cells, indicating a potential functional aspect in renal development.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kimberly G. Laffey, Jian Du, Adam G. Schrum, Steven J. Ackerman
Summary: Regulation of the IL-5 receptor alpha gene involves two promoters (P1 and P2) and two isoforms (transmembrane and soluble) affecting protein signaling potential differently. During eosinophil development, both promoters are active but regulated temporally, with interactions of GATA-1, PU.1, and C/EBP transcription factors. The dynamic process of IL-5-dependent eosinophil generation from CD34(+) precursors includes both promoters, multiple interacting transcription factors, and various protein products influencing signaling.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhonghao Deng, Shengwei Rong, Lu Gan, Fuhua Wang, Liangxiao Bao, Fang Cai, Zheting Liao, Yu Jin, Shuhao Feng, Zihang Feng, Yiran Wei, Ruge Chen, Yangchen Jin, Yanli Zhou, Xiaoyong Zheng, Liping Huang, Liang Zhao
Summary: Using single-cell RNA sequencing, the study explores the transcriptome changes of human distal femoral epiphysis cells during post-conception weeks 15-25. Multiple subtypes of epiphyseal cells are identified, and their characteristics and functions are analyzed. The study also investigates the role of specific signaling pathways in the development of cartilage and ossification. The findings provide valuable insights into the genetic changes that occur during fetal epiphysis development.
