Article
Thermodynamics
J. M. Desantes, R. Novella, B. Pla, M. Lopez-Juarez
Summary: This study evaluates the potential of fuel cell range-extender (FCREx) architecture to maximize FC stack durability and performance through control strategy dynamic and operational space limitations. A FCV modeling platform was developed and integrated together with an energy management strategies (EMS) optimizer algorithm and a degradation model to simulate the FC system under driving conditions. The results suggest specific constraints that can maximize FC stack durability without significantly affecting FCV operability.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zhi Li, Wenju Wang, Meng Ye, Xuedong Liang
Summary: This study combines agent-based model and experience weighted attraction learning algorithm to explore the impact of government subsidy strategy for hydrogen refueling stations on the market diffusion of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. The new model suggests that dynamic subsidy mode based on EWA algorithm yields better results than static subsidy mode, and choosing an appropriate initial subsidy strategy can significantly increase the sales of HFCVs. Early investment from government can also greatly improve market diffusion efficiency.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Hadi Taghavifar
Summary: The study analyzed and compared the potential of E-transportation technology in phasing out internal combustion engines. Results showed significant improvements in mileage, fuel consumption, and emissions reduction in hybrid mode compared to traditional ICE alone mode.
Article
Business
Stavros Skarlis, Theodoros Molos, Georgia Ayfantopoulou, Andreas Nikiforiadis, Leonidas Bakouros
Summary: Electrified light commercial vehicles are gaining attention as energy-efficient transportation, but they have limited range, requiring careful battery charging planning and infrastructure deployment. Early hydrogen fuel cell vehicles can overcome this limitation, but need an extended refueling network. This study demonstrates a model-based evaluation of the hydrogen refueling strategy for a battery electric light commercial vehicle with a fuel-cell range extender, optimizing the tank size as well.
RESEARCH IN TRANSPORTATION BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Alamir H. Hassan, Zhirong Liao, Kaichen Wang, Chao Xu, Mostafa M. Abdelsamie
Summary: This study analyzes the economic and environmental impacts of different operating conditions and design parameters on PEMWE, aiming to enhance economic feasibility and reduce environmental concerns. The findings suggest that increasing cathode pressure, operating temperature, and decreasing membrane thickness can achieve economic viability and environmental sustainability simultaneously.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Lixin Fan, Zhengkai Tu, Siew Hwa Chan
Summary: This study designed and fabricated an air-cooled PEMFC with a rated power of 1.1 kW for a sightseeing bus, which can extend the vehicle range from 40 km to 70 km. A voltage-based control logic of purging was proposed and verified to maintain a fuel utilization of 97.84% with a sufficient voltage recovery. The driving characteristics of three typical powertrain systems, FCEV, HBEV, and RE-FCEV, were compared, and the RE-FCEV combines the advantages of FCEV and HBEV with stable PEMFC output.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Paul C. Okonkwo, Ibrahim B. Mansir, El Manaa Barhoumi, Wilfred Emori, Ahmed Bahgat Radwan, Rana A. Shakoor, Paul C. Uzoma, M. Raja Pugalenthi
Summary: This study investigated the optimal solution for a hybrid energy system using meteorological data and HOMER software. The results showed that the selected system had low cost and high efficiency, making it suitable for meeting the hydrogen production and refueling station demands of the AI-Kharj community.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Chen Yang, Qian Hu
Summary: Fuel-cell vehicles (FCVs) are a cutting-edge and zero-emission car technology that can be promoted by establishing efficient hydrogen refueling stations (HRSs). This study records and analyzes the quantity of FCVs and HRSs in China to understand past and future scenarios, focusing on HRS location and FCV refueling distance. After 2018, there has been a decrease in the FCV/HRS ratio due to the rapid growth of HRSs, indicating an improved refueling experience and reduced refueling distance. The Roadmap of China aims to build 5000 HRSs by 2035. By concentrating the projected HRSs in cities with diverse population sizes, the refueling distance in 2035 could be as short as 5 km, which aligns with consumer expectations for fossil fuel-powered vehicles. Moreover, by centralizing the limited HRSs in cities with over 5 million people, the refueling distance may be further reduced to 3 km. This work provides a feasible and applicable strategy to prioritize the development of necessary HRS networks in densely populated city regions to promote FCV adoption.
ENERGY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Remzi Can Samsun, Michael Rex, Laurent Antoni, Detlef Stolten
Summary: This article highlights the current deployment status of fuel cell vehicles in road transport, including the number of registered vehicles and hydrogen refueling stations. The analysis results show a positive development trend for fuel cell vehicles and hydrogen refueling stations in 2021, but more efforts are needed in the future to achieve the set targets.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Nan Zhang, Yiji Lu, Sambhaji Kadam, Zhibin Yu
Summary: Batteries, heat pumps, and fuel cells are crucial for decarbonization and achieving a net zero future in transportation. However, EVs currently experience a reduction in driving range due to cabin heating in extreme conditions. Previous studies on EV heat pumps have not been able to simultaneously provide sufficient heat and high performance. This study designs a small integrated energy management system for range extended EVs that utilizes the waste heat from a fuel cell and battery pack to provide cabin comfort and extend the driving range.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Brian Kienitz
Summary: Thinner ionomer membranes can improve fuel cell system performance but lead to increased anode purge rates. The model predicts an optimal membrane thickness for maximizing vehicle range, depending highly on other system conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
M. A. Aminudin, S. K. Kamarudin, B. H. Lim, E. H. Majilan, M. S. Masdar, N. Shaari
Summary: Due to the harmful consequences of pollutants emitted by conventional fuel cars, vehicle manufacturers are shifting towards alternative energy sources. Fuel cells (FCs) are considered as highly efficient and non-polluting power sources capable of delivering greater energy densities and efficiency than conventional technologies. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) are promising in transportation sectors due to their ability to start at cold temperatures and minimal emissions. This article discusses the pros and cons of the technology, various fuel cell types, their applications, and recent issues associated with fuel cell technology in the automobile sector.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Anthony Y. Ku, Krishna Reddi, Amgad Elgowainy, Jordan McRobie, Jimmy Li
Summary: This paper evaluates the economic feasibility of submerged liquid hydrogen cryopump-based refueling stations for medium-and heavy-duty fuel cell vehicles. Results show that these stations become more attractive as the total station capacity and hourly demand increase.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Carlos Augusto Berlitz, Andrea Pietrelli, Fabien Mieyeville, Gael Pillonnet, Bruno Allard
Summary: This article introduces a simple DC/DC converter, the switched-capacitor converter, for supplying power to Internet-of-Things devices. By substituting one capacitor with a microbial fuel cell, higher efficiency and lower operating frequency can be achieved. This method not only compensates for some efficiency losses, but also extends the battery lifespan.
Article
Energy & Fuels
J. M. Desantes, R. Novella, B. Pla, M. Lopez-Juarez
Summary: Fuel cell technologies are promising for decarbonizing the transport sector, with the fuel cell range extender powertrain architecture showing potential for efficient operation and low total cost of ownership in passenger car applications. This study combines life cycle assessment and sizing methodologies to fill knowledge gaps on the emissions of fuel cell vehicles and finds that utilizing steam methane reforming with carbon capture and storage as the hydrogen production pathway can significantly reduce greenhouse gases and NOX emissions. Optimum designs for emissions were found to have low-moderate battery capacity and moderate-high fuel stack power, contrasting with high battery capacity and fuel stack power for performance optimization.
