The assessment of smart city projects using zSlice type-2 fuzzy sets based Interval Agreement Method

Cities are facing many urban challenges such as traffic congestion, air pollution, energy consumption and urban sprawl. Smart city concept is proposed to cope with these challenges. However, current smart city initiatives require a comprehensive decision-making framework. In this study, in order to capture individual and multiple opinions from decision makers over repeated surveys, the Interval Agreement Approach (IAA) is utilized to prioritize and evaluate the smart city dimensions for Istanbul's recent smart city project. The validity of the suggested approach is tested with a case study of Istanbul, the largest city in Turkey with many urban problems such as chronic traffic gridlock, rapid urban growth and environmental pollution. The results from the experiments show that IAA can be a useful approach for researchers who theoretically study smart city dimensions, concepts and decision-making methods. It can also help practitioners who deal with implementing smart city projects.