Article
Ophthalmology
Jae H. Kang, Oana Zeleznik, Lisa Frueh, Jessica Lasky-Su, A. Heather Eliassen, Clary Clish, Bernard A. Rosner, Louis R. Pasquale, Janey L. Wiggs
Summary: This study aimed to identify a prediagnostic plasma metabolomic signature associated with exfoliation glaucoma (XFG). Through the analysis of blood samples, lysophosphatidylcholines and phosphatidylethanolamine plasmalogens were found to be positively associated with XFG risk, while triacylglycerols and steroids (such as cortisone) were inversely associated with XFG risk.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Giulia Peduzzi, Manuel Gentiluomo, Francesca Tavano, Paolo Giorgio Arcidiacono, Stefano Ermini, Pavel Vodicka, Ugo Boggi, Giulia Martina Cavestro, Gabriele Capurso, Luca Morelli, Anna Caterina Milanetto, Raffaele Pezzilli, Rita T. Lawlor, Silvia Carrara, Martin Lovecek, Pavel Souc, Feng Guo, Thilo Hackert, Faik G. Uzunoglu, Maria Gazouli, Andrea Parniczky, Juozas Kupcinskas, Maarten F. Bijlsma, Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Roel Vermeulen, Casper H. J. van Eijck, Krzysztof Jamroziak, Renata Talar-Wojnarowska, William Greenhalf, Domenica Gioffreda, Maria C. Petrone, Stefano Landi, Livia Archibugi, Marta Puzzono, Niccola Funel, Cosimo Sperti, Maria L. Piredda, Beatrice Mohelnikova-Duchonova, Ye Lu, Viktor Hlavac, Xin Gao, Martin Schneider, Jakob R. Izbicki, George Theodoropoulos, Stefania Bunduc, Edita Kreivenaite, Olivier R. Busch, Ewa Malecka-Panas, Eithne Costello, Francesco Perri, Sabrina Gloria Giulia Testoni, Giuseppe Vanella, Claudio Pasquali, Martin Oliverius, Hermann Brenner, Martin Loos, Mara Gotz, Konstantinos Georgiou, Alint Eross, Evaristo Maiello, Andrea Szentesi, Francesca Bazzocchi, Daniela Basso, John P. Neoptolemos, P. Eter Hegyi, Vytautas Kiudelis, Federico Canzian, Daniele Campa
Summary: Mitochondrial metabolism has been linked to PDAC risk, with genetic variability potentially playing a role. However, this study did not find significant associations between mtSNPs or n-mtSNPs and PDAC risk. Gene-level analysis highlighted three genes (TERT, SUGCT, and SURF1) that showed some association with PDAC, but not at a statistically significant level.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Tobias Frischmuth, Kristian Hindberg, Pal Aukrust, Thor Ueland, Sigrid K. Braekkan, John-Bjarne Hansen, Vania M. Morelli
Summary: This study investigated the association between plasma leptin levels and the risk of incident VTE. Results suggest that the apparent association between leptin levels and VTE risk is confounded by BMI, and leptin is not a relevant mediator for VTE risk in obesity.
THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Claudia Vales-Villamarin, Jairo Lumpuy-Castillo, Teresa Gavela-Perez, Olaya de Dios, Iris Perez-Nadador, Leandro Soriano-Guillen, Carmen Garces
Summary: The variations in the perilipin gene are associated with obesity and lipid profile in children, and the plasma leptin levels mediate the associations of these gene variations. The associations of the gene polymorphisms with lipid profile and obesity are influenced by sex and leptin concentration.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Shangdong Yang, Jing Jia, Yang Liu, Zheng Li, Zhihao Li, Zhaojing Zhang, Baixue Zhou, Yingying Luan, Yanyang Huang, Yue Peng, Tianyi Han, Yan Xu, Ying He, Hong Zheng
Summary: This study found that the polymorphisms of ABCA1/G1 were associated with variations in plasma lipid levels and the risk of ischemic stroke (IS). Specifically, certain SNPs were associated with the frequency of specific genotypes in IS patients and showed correlation with plasma cholesterol and LDL-C levels. In addition, the A-A haplotype (rs4149339-rs4149338) was correlated with a reduced risk of IS.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Elena Paillaud, Johanne Poisson, Clemence Granier, Antonin Ginguay, Anne Plonquet, Catherine Conti, Amaury Broussier, Agathe Raynaud-Simon, Sylvie Bastuji-Garin
Summary: This study investigated the association between serum leptin levels and healthcare-associated infections in hospitalized older patients. The results showed that women with lower leptin levels were more likely to experience healthcare-associated infections, and this association may be mediated by nutritional status.
Article
Psychiatry
Guoqing Chen, Qiuling Wang, Ranran Xue, Xia Liu, Hao Yu
Summary: This study used a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal role of circulating leptin and soluble plasma leptin receptor (sOB-R) levels in schizophrenia (SCZ) risk, and found that genetically predicted circulating leptin and sOB-R levels were not associated with SCZ risk, suggesting that leptin may not be a risk factor for SCZ.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Christine Sommer, Kjersti G. Vangberg, Gunn-Helen Moen, David M. Evans, Sindre Lee-Odegard, Ingvild K. Blom-Hogestol, Line Sletner, Anne K. Jenum, Christian A. Drevon, Hanne L. Gulseth, Kare Birkeland
Summary: This study investigates the influence of glucose, insulin, body fat, BMI, food intake, and physical activity on serum sOb-R levels. The researchers found that BMI and insulin were causally linked to decreased sOb-R levels, while intensive exercise and food intake acutely increased sOb-R levels.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nagisa Mori, Neil Murphy, Norie Sawada, David Achaintre, Taiki Yamaji, Augustin Scalbert, Motoki Iwasaki, Manami Inoue, Marc J. Gunter, Shoichiro Tsugane
Summary: This study measured the plasma concentrations of 35 polyphenols and assessed their associations with colon cancer risk. The results showed that certain polyphenols in coffee were inversely associated with colon cancer risk, although these associations were not significant after adjustment for multiple comparisons.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Xin Su, Ye Cheng, Dong Chang
Summary: Obesity is associated with dysfunctional adipocytes that produce excessive pro-inflammatory adipokines, while leptin plays a vital role in regulating angiogenesis, lipid metabolism, and cytokine production. Increased leptin levels and impaired signaling pathway can impact various skin diseases, highlighting the complex relationship between leptin and dermatological disorders.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mahmoud A. Alfaqih, Lina Elsalem, Mohamad Nusier, Khawla Mhedat, Yousef Khader, Ebaa Ababneh
Summary: This study found a correlation between obesity and increased risk of bladder cancer. The levels of leptin and its receptor are often deregulated in obese individuals and these changes are associated with the development of bladder cancer. Additionally, certain genetic variants are also associated with bladder cancer.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sara Jacobson, Per Dahlqvist, Mattias Johansson, Johan Svensson, Ola Billing, Malin Sund, Oskar Franklin
Summary: This study found that high fasting glucose levels are associated with an increased risk of developing pancreatic cancer, especially in never-smokers and non-diabetics.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Andreia Gameiro, Catarina Nascimento, Ana Catarina Urbano, Jorge Correia, Fernando Ferreira
Summary: Obesity is a known risk factor for post-menopausal breast cancer in women, but in cats with mammary carcinoma, levels of leptin and its receptor appear to be associated with tumor characteristics, serving as potential biomarkers for specific subtypes.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Tung-Wei Kao, Tao-Chun Peng, Wei-Liang Chen, Yu-Chiao Chi, Chi-Ling Chen, Wei-Shiung Yang
Summary: The study found a positive association between serum leptin levels and the risk of dynapenia, while a negative association was observed with the risk of sarcopenia in both male and female elderly individuals. Further investigation is needed to understand the biological mechanisms underlying these associations.
JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Resham Lal Gurung, M. Yiamunaa, Jian-Jun Liu, Rajkumar Dorajoo, Jiexun Wang, Ling Wang, Sylvia Liu, Clara Chan, Keven Ang, Yi-Ming Shao, Tavintharan Subramaniam, Wern E. Tang, Chee Fang Sum, Su Chi Lim
Summary: This study found that elevated plasma UA is associated with incident CKD and potentially has a causal role in early eGFR loss in patients with type 2 diabetes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Fangcheng Yuan, Ruth M. Pfeiffer, Sachelly Julian-Serrano, Simran Arjani, Michael J. Barrett, Jill Koshiol, Rachael Z. Stolzenberg-Solomon
Summary: There is an association between autoimmune conditions and pancreatic cancer risk, with certain autoimmune conditions being associated with an increased risk of pancreatic cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Hannah L. Williams, Andressa Dias Costa, Jinming Zhang, Srivatsan Raghavan, Peter S. Winter, Kevin S. Kapner, Scott P. Ginebaugh, Sara A. Vayrynen, Juha P. Vayrynen, Chen Yuan, Andrew W. Navia, Junning Wang, Annan Yang, Timothy L. Bosse, Radha L. Kalekar, Kristen E. Lowder, Mai Chan Lau, Dalia Elganainy, Vicente Morales-Oyarvide, Douglas A. Rubinson, Harshabad Singh, Kimberly Perez, James M. Cleary, Thomas E. Clancy, Jiping Wang, Joseph D. Mancias, Lauren K. Brais, Emma R. Hill, Margaret M. Kozak, David C. Linehan, Richard F. Dunne, Daniel T. Chang, Albert C. Koong, Aram F. Hezel, William C. Hahn, Alex K. Shalek, Andrew J. Aguirre, Jonathan A. Nowak, Brian M. Wolpin
Summary: A multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) pipeline was developed to investigate the protein expression and intratumoral heterogeneity of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The results showed that PDAC tumors exhibit extensive intratumoral heterogeneity, which is associated with patient outcomes and can be reduced in patient-derived organoid cultures. Co-expressor cells expressing both classical and basal markers were found in the majority of tumors, suggesting an intermediate state between subtype poles. This clinically applicable pipeline has implications for prognosis and treatment selection in PDAC patients.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hanseul Kim, Chen Yuan, Long H. Nguyen, Kimmie Ng, Edward L. Giovannucci
Summary: The study found that lower 25(OH)D levels were associated with higher mortality among patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). The researchers also investigated the relationship between vitamin D binding protein isoforms and 25(OH)D levels and CRC mortality. The results showed that deficient 25(OH)D concentrations were linked to higher overall mortality, but not CRC-specific mortality, and this association did not differ according to Gc isoforms.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Editorial Material
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rachael Stolzenberg-Solomon
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Jihye Kim, Chen Yuan, Laufey T. Amundadottir, Brian M. Wolpin, Alison P. Klein, Harvey A. Risch, Peter Kraft
Summary: Non-O blood types have a greater risk of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) among Western populations. This risk is stronger among secretors than non-secretors, but not influenced by Lewis antigens.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Zhangyan Lyu, Dong Hang, Xiaosheng He, Kana Wu, Yin Cao, Bernard Rosner, Andrew T. Chan, Shuji Ogino, Ni Li, Min Dai, Edward L. Giovannucci, Mingyang Song
Summary: A simple prediction model based on five major risk factors for high-risk serrated polyps (SPs) was developed and validated, which may be useful for providing healthy lifestyle recommendations and tailored colorectal cancer screening.
CANCER PREVENTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Yuxi Liu, Alexander Gusev, Peter Kraft
Summary: Somatic mutations in cancer can be influenced by the genetic background of germline variants, which may affect the expression of specific cancer genes. By integrating tumor sequencing data with germline cancer gene expression data, it was found that variants upregulating ATM expression were associated with a decreased risk of somatic ATM mutations in multiple cancer types. Additionally, eQTLs related to gene expression of GLI2, WRN, CBFB, EPHA5, APC, GLI1, FANCA, and TP53 were associated with mutations in specific cancer genes in different cancer types. These findings suggest that germline-somatic associations are mediated through the expression of specific cancer genes, providing new insights for further research.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sabine Naudin, Joshua N. Sampson, Steven C. Moore, Demetrius Albanes, Neal D. Freedman, Stephanie J. Weinstein, Rachael Stolzenberg-Solomon
Summary: The study found that abnormal lipid metabolism in prospective studies is associated with pancreatic ductal carcinoma (PDAC). A comprehensive investigation of two prospective studies revealed that 43 lipid species were associated with PDAC.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ting Zhang, Sabine Naudin, Hyokyoung G. Hong, Demetrius Albanes, Satu Mannisto, Stephanie J. Weinstein, Steven C. Moore, Rachael Z. Stolzenberg-Solomon
Summary: This study examined the associations between dietary quality indices and serum lipidomic profiles. The results showed that adherence to the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015, Alternate HEI-2010 (AHEI-2010), and alternate Mediterranean Diet Index (aMED) were associated with serum lipid species, particularly triacylglycerols and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-containing species, which were related to components of seafood and plant proteins, eicosapentaenoic acid-DHA, fish, or fat ratio.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Davide Placido, Bo Yuan, Jessica X. Hjaltelin, Chunlei Zheng, Amalie D. Haue, Piotr J. Chmura, Chen Yuan, Jihye Kim, Renato Umeton, Gregory Antell, Alexander Chowdhury, Alexandra Franz, Lauren Brais, Elizabeth Andrews, Debora S. Marks, Aviv Regev, Siamack Ayandeh, Mary T. Brophy, Nhan V. Do, Peter Kraft, Brian M. Wolpin, Michael H. Rosenthal, Nathanael R. Fillmore, Soren Brunak, Chris Sander
Summary: This study used artificial intelligence methods to analyze clinical data from Denmark and the United States and developed a model to predict the occurrence of pancreatic cancer within 36 months. The model showed promising performance in retrospective validation and can potentially aid in early detection.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yin Zhang, Qiao-Li Wang, Chen Yuan, Alice A. Lee, Ana Babic, Kimmie Ng, Kimberly Perez, Jonathan A. Nowak, Jesper Lagergren, Meir J. Stampfer, Edward L. Giovannucci, Chris Sander, Michael H. Rosenthal, Peter Kraft, Brian M. Wolpin
Summary: Recent medication changes, such as initiating antidiabetic or anticoagulant medications, as well as discontinuing antihypertensive medications, are associated with an increased risk of pancreatic cancer diagnosis within the next two years. The risk of pancreatic cancer increases as the number of relevant medication changes increases. These findings suggest that recent medication changes should be considered as potential factors in multi-factor risk models for pancreatic cancer.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Chaoran Ma, Xiaoyu Wang, James Y. Dai, Constance Turman, Peter Kraft, Konrad H. Stopsack, Massimo Loda, Andreas Pettersson, Lorelei A. Mucci, Janet L. Stanford, Kathryn L. Penney
Summary: This study investigated the germline genetic variants associated with TMPRSS2:ERG fusion status in prostate cancer cases. The findings suggest that tumors with TMPRSS2:ERG fusion have a different genetic etiology compared to fusion negative cases. The study identified several SNPs at known prostate cancer risk loci that were differentially associated with the risk of developing prostate tumors with or without the gene fusion.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jongeun Rhee, Erikka Loftfield, Demetrius Albanes, Tracy M. Layne, Rachael Stolzenberg-Solomon, Linda M. Liao, Mary C. Playdon, Sonja I. Berndt, Joshua N. Sampson, Neal D. Freedman, Steven C. Moore, Mark P. Purdue
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the biological effects of PFOS and PFOA on the human body. Through metabolomic analysis, several metabolites associated with PFOS and PFOA were identified, with lipids and xenobiotics being the most common types. These findings provide insights into the potential hazards of PFOS and PFOA.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Kosuke Mima, Tsuyoshi Hamada, Kentaro Inamura, Hideo Baba, Tomotaka Ugai, Shuji Ogino
Summary: There has been a significant increase in the incidence of early-onset cancers, particularly in the digestive system. While some of these cancers are associated with genetic variants, the majority are sporadic and multifactorial. Factors such as diets, lifestyle, environment, and the microbiome from early life to adulthood may play a role in the development of these cancers, but their exact contributions are still uncertain. To address this rising trend, interdisciplinary research approaches are needed to improve our understanding of the etiology and develop better prevention and treatment strategies.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Markus Dines Knudsen, Kai Wang, Liang Wang, Georgios Polychronidis, Paula Berstad, Kana Wu, Xiaosheng He, Dong Hang, Zhe Fang, Shuji Ogino, Andrew T. Chan, Edward Giovannucci, Molin Wang, Mingyang Song
Summary: This study developed an effective risk stratification tool for predicting post-polypectomy colorectal cancer (PPCRC) based on three population-based cohorts and validated the tool in a clinical cohort. By collecting detailed data on demographics, endoscopic history, polyp features, and lifestyle factors, the researchers developed an 11-predictor risk score for PPCRC, which can guide tailored colonoscopy surveillance strategies.