Emerging New-Generation Photodetectors Based on Low-Dimensional Halide Perovskites

Organic-inorganic halide perovskites have attracted enormous attention for future optoelectronic applications because of their remarkable optical and electrical properties, solution processability, low cost, and large-scale fabrication capabilities. In addition to their use in photovoltaics and light-emitting diodes, halide perovskites have recently emerged as promising candidates for new-generation photodetectors. However, conventional three-dimensional halide perovskite photo detectors suffer from current voltage hysteresis, unreliable performance, and instability. By controlling the morphological dimensionality of bulk three-dimensional and quasi-two-dimensional structured perovskites, low-dimensional halide perovskites (LDHPs, such as two-dimensional, one-dimensional, and zero-dimensional halide perovskites), which have robust chemical stability and optoelectronic tunability owing to the quantum size effect, can be obtained, providing an alternative solution to overcoming the aforementioned limitations. In this Review, we examine the current state of the art and highlight the recent advances in photodetectors based on LDHPs, with a focus on their operation mechanisms, device architectures, synthesis and modification methods, and photodetection performances. We also discuss the current challenges for and provide a future perspective on the creation of LDHP-based photodetectors with unprecedented performance and opportunities for commercialization.