Review
Immunology
Pablo Mata-Martinez, Marta Bergon-Gutierrez, Carlos del Fresno
Summary: Dectin-1, a C-type lectin receptor, plays a crucial role in antifungal responses and immune memory. It recognizes various ligands and triggers different immune reactions. However, the underlying mechanisms of its involvement in trained immunity are not fully understood.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Mimmi L. E. Lundahl, Morgane Mitermite, Dylan Gerard Ryan, Sarah Case, Niamh C. Williams, Ming Yang, Roisin Lynch, Eimear Lagan, Filipa M. Lebre, Aoife L. Gorman, Bojan Stojkovic, Adrian P. Bracken, Christian Frezza, Frederick J. Sheedy, Eoin M. Scanlan, Luke A. J. O'Neill, Stephen Gordon, Ed C. Lavelle, Simon Yona
Summary: This study provides new and unexpected insights into alternative macrophage activation states in the context of mycobacterial infection. Activation with IL-4 and IL-13 induces protective innate memory against mycobacterial challenge and enhances the killing capacity of macrophages. IL-4/13 trained macrophages retain heightened oxidative phosphorylation metabolism and impede heightened pro-inflammatory cytokine responses by inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hannes M. Findeisen, Vivienne C. Voges, Laura C. Braun, Jannik Sonnenberg, Dennis Schwarz, Helena Koerner, Holger Reinecke, Yahya Sohrabi
Summary: This study analyzed the role of Liver X receptor (LXR) in oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-induced trained innate immunity. The activation of LXR enhanced the inflammatory response, while inhibition of LXR prevented the oxLDL-induced inflammatory response and blocked the metabolic changes and epigenetic reprogramming associated with trained immunity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Charlotte Theroude, Marta Reverte, Tytti Heinonen, Eleonora Ciarlo, Irene T. Schrijver, Nikolaos Antonakos, Nicolas Maillard, Florian Pralong, Didier Le Roy, Thierry Roger
Summary: Trained immunity induced by beta-glucan training can confer long-term protection against lethal bacterial infections by increasing cytokine levels, antimicrobial activity, cell migration, and metabolic activity of white blood cells. The study suggests that training enhances the generation and antimicrobial activity of white blood cells, providing prolonged protection against lethal bacterial infections.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Niels P. Riksen, Mihai G. Netea
Summary: Trained immunity refers to the long-term inflammatory phenotypes adopted by innate immune cells following brief encounters with exogenous or endogenous stimuli. This phenomenon can enhance host defense against infections but may also be maladaptive in chronic inflammatory disorders. Understanding the mechanisms driving trained immunity, including changes in intracellular metabolism and epigenetic reprogramming, is crucial for future therapeutic exploitation.
MOLECULAR ASPECTS OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Siroon Bekkering, Jorge Dominguez-Andres, Leo A. B. Joosten, Niels P. Riksen, Mihai G. Netea
Summary: Trained immunity is a newly recognized phenomenon where cells of the innate immune system exhibit memory characteristics and enhanced responses upon secondary challenge. It explains the heterologous effects of vaccines, but can also lead to maladaptive effects in chronic inflammatory conditions.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF IMMUNOLOGY, VOL 39
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Pedro Henrique de Oliveira Cardoso, Ana Paula de Araujo Boleti, Patricia Souza E. Silva, Lincoln Takashi Hota Mukoyama, Alexya Sandim Guindo, Luiz Filipe Ramalho Nunes de Moraes, Caio Fernando Ramalho de Oliveira, Maria Ligia Rodrigues Macedo, Cristiano Marcelo Espinola Carvalho, Alinne Pereira de Castro, Ludovico Migliolo
Summary: The importance of neuroinflammation is increasingly recognized in neurological disorders, including both inflammatory diseases like multiple sclerosis and non-inflammatory conditions such as stroke, epilepsy, and cancer. A peptide called Ca-MAP1, inspired by a toxin from C. albicans, has shown promising anti-neuroinflammatory, antibacterial, and cytotoxic activity. In vitro and in silico studies demonstrated its effectiveness at lower concentrations, with low toxicity to normal cells. Ca-MAP1 also exhibited activity against various bacteria and demonstrated anti-neuroinflammatory effects. This peptide holds potential for controlling infections and serving as an alternative therapy for cancer.
Article
Immunology
Jose Antonio Reales-Calderon, Gloria H. W. Tso, Alrina S. M. Tan, Pei Xiang Hor, Julia Boehme, Karen W. W. Teng, Evan W. Newell, Amit Singhal, Norman Pavelka
Summary: Serial passaging of Candida albicans in the gastrointestinal tract of antibiotics-treated mice leads to the selection of virulence-attenuated strains that induce trained immunity, resulting in expansion of neutrophils and reduction of natural killer cells to protect the host. Metabolic changes and cell analysis further uncover the mechanisms underlying trained immunity induced by gut-evolved C. albicans strains.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Jemima Ho, Giorgio Camilli, James S. Griffiths, Jonathan P. Richardson, Nessim Kichik, Julian R. Naglik
Summary: Advancements in mycology have highlighted the significant impact of fungal microbes on human health. Candida albicans, a common fungus, not only causes infections but is also associated with various inflammatory disorders, suggesting new avenues for research.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Selene Mogavero, Sarah Hoefs, Alexa N. Lauer, Rita Mueller, Sascha Brunke, Stefanie Allert, Franziska Gerwien, Sabrina Groth, Edward Dolk, Duncan Wilson, Thomas Gutsmann, Bernhard Hube
Summary: Candidalysin, a peptide toxin produced by Candida albicans, is identified as the hemolytic factor of the organism. Its hemolytic activity is regulated by the P7 peptide. The purinergic receptor antagonist PPADS can neutralize the hemolytic effect of candidalysin and also affects its membrane intercalation ability. Antibodies targeting candidalysin show potential for neutralization and future anti-Candida therapy.
Review
Immunology
Yufei He, Jia Liu, Yutong Chen, Lan Yan, Jianhua Wu
Summary: Candida albicans activates neutrophils to release NETs as a defense mechanism, while also developing specific strategies to respond to the attack by NETs.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Bevin C. C. English, Hannah P. P. Savage, Scott P. P. Mahan, Vladimir E. E. Diaz-Ochoa, Briana M. M. Young, Basel H. H. Abuaita, Gautam Sule, Jason S. S. Knight, Mary X. X. O'Riordan, Andreas J. J. Baeumler, Renee M. Tsolis
Summary: IRE1 alpha and its downstream transcription factor XBP1 enhance glycolysis in macrophages in response to bacterial infection. Different inflammatory stimuli activate IRE1 alpha through distinct mechanisms, and the activation of this pathway is not sufficient to increase glycolysis in macrophages. This study provides new insights into the regulation of macrophage metabolism and the role of IRE1 alpha and XBP1 in innate immunity.
Review
Immunology
Jiaqi Li, Yanjin Wang, Hao Deng, Su Li, Hua-Ji Qiu
Summary: Cellular metabolism plays a crucial role in regulating immune responses, including both innate and adaptive immunity. Viral infections induce metabolic reprogramming, which affects immune cell function, immune molecule expression, and cell fate. It is vital to explore effector molecules involved in immunometabolism, such as metabolites, metabolic enzymes, and other related molecules, for the development of antiviral drugs.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Gael Galli, Maya Saleh
Summary: Macrophages play crucial roles in tissue homeostasis, inflammation, and host defense by recognizing microbial or danger signals and eliciting immune responses. The interaction between cellular metabolism and macrophage innate immunity involves metabolic adaptations that modulate immune signaling and macrophage function. Intracellular bacterial pathogens can exploit macrophage metabolic pathways to evade immune defenses. This review highlights recent evidence on host-bacterial immunometabolic interactions.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Amy L. Seufert, James W. Hickman, Ste K. Traxler, Rachael M. Peterson, Trent A. Waugh, Sydney J. Lashley, Natalia Shulzhenko, Ruth J. Napier, Brooke A. Napier
Summary: This study reveals that a diet rich in saturated fatty acids can induce trained immunity. The enhanced inflammatory response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and increased mortality observed in mice fed a ketogenic diet (KD) is independent of the diet-induced microbiome and hyperglycemia. The study shows that the altered composition of hematopoietic stem cells and enhanced response of macrophages, monocytes, and splenocytes to secondary LPS challenge contribute to this hyper-inflammatory response. Furthermore, it identifies palmitic acid (PA) as the key component responsible for the enhanced inflammation and mortality, but also for the enhanced clearance of Candida albicans. Oleic acid is shown to reverse the PA-induced hyper-inflammation and enhanced mortality.
Review
Dermatology
M. Karimova, D. Moyes, M. Ide, J. F. Setterfield
Summary: The incidence of autoimmune diseases has been increasing significantly for several decades. Genetic factors may not be the only trigger for disease development, with dysbiosis of the microbiome also playing a role. While the role of the microbiome in common skin disorders like psoriasis is well understood, more research is needed on rare diseases like lichen planus.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Francois Chesnais, Jonas Hue, Errin Roy, Marco Branco, Ruby Stokes, Aize Pellon, Juliette Le Caillec, Eyad Elbahtety, Matteo Battilocchi, Davide Danovi, Lorenzo Veschini
Summary: Endothelial cell (EC) heterogeneity is important for understanding and developing treatments for cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and regenerative medicine. Researchers have developed a tool called EC Profiling Tool (ECPT) to examine individual cells within intact monolayers and characterize different phenotypes in arterial, venous, and microvascular EC populations. They discovered previously under-appreciated single-cell heterogeneity in NOTCH activation.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Mate Vadovics, Jemima Ho, Nora Igaz, Robert Alfoldi, David Rakk, Eva Veres, Balazs Szucs, Marton Horvath, Renata Toth, Attila Szucs, Andrea Csibi, Peter Horvath, Laszlo Tiszlavicz, Csaba Vagvolgyi, Joshua D. Nosanchuk, Andras Szekeres, Monika Kiricsi, Rhonda Henley-Smith, David L. Moyes, Selvam Thavaraj, Rhys Brown, Laszlo G. Puskas, Julian R. Naglik, Attila Gacser
Summary: Oral Candida albicans infection is associated with the development and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Candida albicans promotes the progression of OSCC by stimulating the production of matrix metalloproteinases, oncometabolites, protumor signaling pathways, and overexpression of prognostic marker genes associated with metastatic events. Candida albicans also upregulates oncogenes in nonmalignant cells.
Article
Microbiology
Jonathan P. Richardson, Rhys Brown, Nessim Kichik, Sejeong Lee, Emily Priest, Selene Mogavero, Corinne Maufrais, Don N. Wickramasinghe, Antzela Tsavou, Natalia K. Kotowicz, Olivia W. Hepworth, Ana Gallego-Cortes, Nicole O. Ponde, Jemima Ho, David L. Moyes, Duncan Wilson, Christophe D'Enfert, Bernhard Hube, Julian R. Naglik
Summary: The study identifies the first family of peptide toxins, called candidalysins, in human-pathogenic fungi. These toxins are secreted by Candida albicans, Candida dubliniensis, and Candida tropicalis, and are responsible for causing cell damage, calcium influx, and activation of signaling pathways and cytokine secretion. Candidalysins from C. dubliniensis and C. tropicalis exhibit higher damaging and activation potential than C. albicans candidalysin, with faster membrane binding and disruption.
Review
Microbiology
Aize Pellon, Neelu Begum, Shervin Dokht Sadeghi Nasab, Azadeh Harzandi, Saeed Shoaie, David L. Moyes
Summary: This review paper focuses on the impact of cellular metabolism and nutritional environment on the interplay between host and fungal cells, with a particular emphasis on the metabolic interactions between host cells and Candida.
Article
Biology
Neelu Begum, Sunjae Lee, Aize Pellon, Shervin Sadeghi Nasab, Jens Nieslen, Mathias Uhlen, David Moyes, Saeed Shoaie, Theo John Portlock
Summary: Metabolic differences between Candida species were uncovered using the BioFung database and metabolic analysis, with a focus on the AGAu cluster which showed a greater importance of amino acid metabolism and identified critical metabolic pathways.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Abdulaziz Bakhsh, Noor Al-Abdulla, Francesco Mannocci, Marwa Allihaibi, David Moyes, Gordon Proctor, Sadia Ambreen Niazi
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of apical periodontitis and its treatment on salivary inflammatory markers and investigate their correlation with serum markers. Saliva samples were collected from 115 participants and analysed using a multiplex immunoassay. Salivary cytokines, MMPs, and vascular adhesion molecules were higher at review appointments, while hs-CRP levels were significantly higher in the treatment group. Correlation between salivary and serum biomarkers suggests saliva sampling as a feasible non-invasive option for measuring inflammatory markers.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Noor Al-Abdulla, Abdulaziz Bakhsh, Francesco Mannocci, Gordon Proctor, David Moyes, Sadia Ambreen Niazi
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate serum biomarkers of inflammation 2 years following non-surgical root canal re-treatment (Re-RCT) and peri-apical surgery (PS), and their correlation with signs and symptoms, treatment outcome, metabolic syndrome factors, infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) and COVID-19 vaccination. The results showed that hs-CRP, ADMA, and MMP-2 can be considered as prognostic biomarkers for successful Re-RCT and PS, as their levels reduced at the 2-year recall in cases with evidence of clinical and radiographic success. The successful treatment of chronic apical periodontitis is associated with improvements in metabolic syndrome indicators, better glycemic control, and reduction of certain systemic inflammatory markers related to cardiovascular disease risks at the 2-year mark.
INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuchen Zhang, Emily Ming-Chieh Lu, David Moyes, Sadia Ambreen Niazi
Summary: This systematic review evaluates the impact of peri-implantitis on metabolic syndrome and provides management suggestions for patients with metabolic disorders. The findings suggest an association between peri-implantitis and altered metabolic factors, including lipid profile and HbA1c level. However, more high-quality studies are needed to confirm these results.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ainize Pena-Cearra, Janire Castelo, Jose Luis Lavin, Monika Gonzalez-Lopez, Miguel Angel Pascual-Itoiz, Miguel Fuertes, Virginia Gutierrez de Juan, Laura Barcena, Itziar Martin-Ruiz, Aize Pellon, Iratxe Seoane, Diego Barriales, Ainhoa Palacios, Asier Fullaondo, Iago Rodriguez-Lago, Maria L. Martinez-Chantar, Ana M. Aransay, Hector Rodriguez, Juan Anguita, Leticia Abecia
Summary: Anti-TNF therapy is effective in inducing and maintaining remission in intestinal bowel disease. However, a certain percentage of patients do not respond to this therapy. This study suggests that the absence of MCJ, a natural inhibitor of respiratory chain Complex I, leads to changes in gut microbiota, which is a critical determinant of the lack of response in a mouse model of inflammation. The study also highlights the role of macrophage mitochondrial function in the gut ecological niche in affecting the severity of inflammation and the response to current therapies.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Blair Merrick, Chrysi Sergaki, Lindsey Edwards, David L. Moyes, Michael Kertanegara, Desiree Prossomariti, Debbie L. Shawcross, Simon D. Goldenberg
Summary: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) presents a significant burden to the global healthcare system, particularly in Gram-negative organisms such as extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL and CPE). These pathogens have limited treatment options, leading to poor clinical outcomes. Manipulating the gut microbiota through various methods, including diet, probiotics, bacteriophages, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), can effectively restore colonization resistance and limit the spread of AMR organisms.
INFECTIOUS DISEASE REPORTS
(2023)
