Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Rongjiao Liu, Qizhi Luo, Weiguang Luo, Ling Wan, Quan Zhu, Xiangli Yin, Xiaofang Lu, Zixuan Song, Leiyan Wei, Zhiqing Xiang, Yizhou Zou
Summary: In this study, a soluble NKCAR was designed to trigger NK cell cytotoxicity by binding with the ligand MICA through the NKG2D receptor expressed on NK cells. The NKCAR showed bifunctional activity, recognizing both the CD20 antigen of target cells and the NKG2D receptor of NKL cells. The soluble NKCAR mediated the killing of CD20(+) Daudi cells in vitro, indicating its potential clinical application for killing target tumor cells.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Kerry A. Whalen, Kavya Rakhra, Naveen K. Mehta, Alexander Steinle, Jennifer S. Michaelson, Patrick A. Baeuerle
Summary: The field of immuno-oncology has revolutionized cancer patient care, but there are still challenges with current therapeutic approaches targeting T cells. Engaging the innate immune system, especially natural killer (NK) cells, has emerged as a promising modality in immunotherapy. This review focuses on therapeutic strategies that selectively engage NK cells for cancer therapy, particularly targeting the activating receptors NKG2D and CD16A.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xuewen Deng, Hiroshi Terunuma, Mie Nieda
Summary: NK cells are cytotoxic immune cells that play a critical role in eliminating cancer cells and virus-infected cells. Lifestyle choices and aging can impact the function of NK cells, with healthy habits being beneficial for immune surveillance with NK cells.
Article
Immunology
Yan-Xin Niu, Zhao-Xu Xu, Li-Feng Yu, Yong-Ping Lu, Yan Wang, Ce Wu, Yi-Bo Hou, Jia-Ning Li, Shengqiang Huang, Xinyue Song, Xinyu Wang, Jiaqi Wang, Binyu Li, Yingrui Guo, Zhaojin Yu, Lin Zhao, Dong-Xu Yi, Min-Jie Wei
Summary: Fc-fusion proteins, a promising biopharmaceutical product in tumor therapy, have the potential to activate natural killer cells and kill tumor cells.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Deli Mao, Zhijun Zhou, Hengxing Chen, Xinran Liu, Dongsheng Li, Xiancong Chen, Yulong He, Mingyang Liu, Changhua Zhang
Summary: PLEK2 suppresses NK cell immune surveillance by promoting MICA shedding, which serves as a potential therapeutic target for gastric cancer.
Review
Immunology
Massimo Fantini, Philip Martin Arlen, Kwong Yok Tsang
Summary: Natural killer (NK) cells are important components of the innate immune system that can recognize and suppress the proliferation of cancer cells. Strategies such as boosting NK cells with modulatory cytokines, adoptive NK cell therapy, and the combination of engineered NK cells with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that mediate antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) have been developed to enhance the antitumor activity of NK cells. The combination of engineered NK cells with mAbs with higher affinity for CD16 expressed on NK cells shows promise in providing more effective and higher-quality treatments for cancer patients.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Youshi Zheng, Cuilin Zhang, Zisen Lai, Yongyi Zeng, Juan Li, Da Zhang, Xiaolong Liu
Summary: A bispecific and stable Y-type Ap was designed using a Y-shaped DNA scaffold to enhance adoptive immunotherapy of HCC solid tumors by redirecting NK cells. The Y-type Ap showed high stability and resistance, displaying stronger binding with NK cells and tumor cells, leading to increased cytokine secretion and antitumor efficiency. This study provides a platform for constructing stable bispecific Ap with potential for improving immunotherapy of solid tumors.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Juan Francisco Gutierrez-Bautista, Alba Martinez-Chamorro, Antonio Rodriguez-Nicolas, Antonio Rosales-Castillo, Pilar Jimenez, Per Anderson, Miguel Angel Lopez-Ruz, Miguel Angel Lopez-Nevot, Francisco Ruiz-Cabello
Summary: The MICA*A9 allele may be a risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection and symptomatic disease, but not for severe disease.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Mingzhu Pan, Fei Wang, Lidi Nan, Siyu Yang, Jinyao Qi, Jiajun Xie, Shuai Shao, Hongyi Zou, Min Wang, Fumou Sun, Juan Zhang
Summary: Anti-angiogenic therapy has shown significant clinical benefits in gastric cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. However, the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment limits its effectiveness. Scientists have developed a bi-specific fusion protein to improve anti-angiogenic therapy and found that it can promote activation of natural killer cells, change the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages, and enhance anti-tumor activity when combined with PD-1 blockade.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Zhaoming Wang, Michael S. Chimenti, Christopher Strouse, George J. Weiner
Summary: The study found that T cell help, mainly mediated by local production of IL2, plays a significant role in enhancing NK cell-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and viability. Activating T cells can improve the efficacy of anti-CD20 and other mAb therapies, particularly when NK-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity is the primary mechanism of action.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Mercedes Beatriz Fuertes, Carolina Ines Domaica, Norberto Walter Zwirner
Summary: Immune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized immuno-oncology by achieving durable immune control of cancer, however, tumor immune evasion mechanisms pose a challenge for treatment development. Combination therapies targeting NK cell-activating receptors like NKG2D are emerging as frontrunners in immuno-oncology, with strategies to boost MICA/B expression and inhibit their shedding being proposed for enhancing antitumor immune responses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Zhaoming Wang, Chaobo Yin, Lawrence G. Lum, Andrean Simons, George J. Weiner
Summary: Research suggests that treatment with anti-CD3 x anti-cancer bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) may enhance T cell help, maintaining long-term NK cell-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC).
JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY & ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hao-Tian Wu, Xiang-Yu Zhao
Summary: CD38 monoclonal antibodies are an effective therapy for multiple myeloma, but they have side effects on antitumoral NK cells. Further evaluation of the NK-mediated immune response is needed to minimize the adverse effects, and combination therapies can enhance the therapeutic efficacy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Nicole F. Bernard, Sanket Kant, Zahra Kiani, Cecile Tremblay, Franck P. Dupuy
Summary: Infection with HIV can be controlled to undetectable levels in some individuals without treatment, but this is rare. These individuals, called Elite Controllers, have specific genetic factors and immune responses that allow them to control the virus naturally. Natural Killer cells play a crucial role in both antibody independent and antibody dependent HIV control.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Laura Kiekens, Wouter Van Loocke, Sylvie Taveirne, Sigrid Wahlen, Eva Persyn, Els Van Ammel, Zenzi De Vos, Patrick Matthys, Filip Van Nieuwerburgh, Tom Taghon, Pieter Van Vlierberghe, Bart Vandekerckhove, Georges Leclercq
Summary: T-BET and EOMES play crucial roles in the regulation of human NK cell maturation and function. Overexpression of either T-BET or EOMES in human hematopoietic progenitor cells accelerates NK cell differentiation by epigenetically repressing quiescence and non-NK lineage genes while activating NK cell-specific transcriptome. Both transcription factors have overlapping effects, but EOMES shows superior role in early NK cell maturation and faster induction of NK receptor expression. NK cells generated from T-BET or EOMES overexpression display improved functionality, with EOMES overexpression NK cells showing enhanced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Xinru Zhou, Yin Jia, Chuanbin Mao, Shanrong Liu
Summary: Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), such as exosomes, have emerged as crucial targets for liquid biopsy and promising drug delivery vehicles in tumor progression. They can serve as biomarkers for tumor diagnosis and as drug carriers for cancer treatment.
Article
Oncology
Ruochan Chen, Ju Zhu, Xiao Zhong, Jie Li, Rui Kang, Daolin Tang
Summary: The interplay between autophagy and apoptosis plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis and cancer therapy, with HMGB1 serving as a key regulator in these processes.
Article
Oncology
Zongfu Pan, Xixuan Lu, Tong Xu, Jinming Chen, Lisha Bao, Ying Li, Yingying Gong, Yulu Che, Xiaozhou Zou, Zhuo Tan, Ping Huang, Minghua Ge
Summary: This study uncovered the emerging role of HN1 in promoting dedifferentiation of anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) cells. HN1 negatively regulated the thyroid differentiation markers and had an inhibitory effect on the transcriptional activation of CTCF, thereby influencing the chromatin accessibility of thyroid differentiation genes.
Article
Oncology
Yi Qin, Shengjun Xiong, Jun Ren, Gautam Sethi
Summary: Autophagy plays an important regulatory role in glioblastoma, and its dysregulation can lead to drug resistance and radioresistance. It also affects stem cell characteristics, overall growth, and metastasis. Therefore, autophagy is a promising target for glioblastoma therapy.
Article
Oncology
Katsuya Nagaoka, Xuewei Bai, Dan Liu, Kevin Cao, Joud Mulla, Chengcheng Ji, Hongze Chen, Muhammad Azhar Nisar, Amalia Bay, William Mueller, Grace Hildebrand, Jin-Song Gao, Shaolei Lu, Hiroko Setoyama, Yasuhito Tanaka, Jack R. Wands, Chiung-Kuei Huang
Summary: This study found that serum 2-OG levels in cholangiocarcinoma patients are associated with the effectiveness of chemotherapy. Patients with progressive disease showed significantly higher levels of serum 2-OG compared to stable disease and partial response patients. The study also revealed that overexpression of ASPH mimics the effects of 2-OG, and knockdown of ASPH improves chemotherapy. Targeting ASPH enhances the effects of chemotherapy by modulating ATM and ATR, two key regulators of DDRs.
