Review
Immunology
Yizhang Mo, Kebing Chen
Summary: High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) functions both as a nonhistone nucleoprotein and an extracellular inflammatory cytokine. It is mainly located in the nucleus in the resting state and regulates key nuclear activities. After spinal cord injury, HMGB1 is expressed by neurons, microglia, and ependymal cells and released into the extracellular matrix and blood circulation, contributing to the pathophysiological process of spinal cord injury. HMGB1 can regulate microglia activation, exacerbate inflammation, and result in neuronal death. However, it has also been shown to benefit neuron survival, regeneration, and motor function recovery. This article reviews the timing of HMGB1 secretion and translocation, release mechanisms, and its role in spinal cord injury, and identifies challenges to be addressed.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Lintao Xu, Jingyu Wang, Yueming Ding, Linlin Wang, Yong-Jian Zhu
Summary: Microglia undergo activation, proliferation, and changes in gene and protein expression and morphology after traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI), leading to both detrimental and beneficial effects. Understanding and regulating microglial activation status is crucial for reducing harmful effects, promoting repair, and developing effective therapies for SCI.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Rui Zhao, Xue Wu, Xue-Yuan Bi, Hao Yang, Qian Zhang
Summary: Baicalin is a natural active ingredient that can cross the blood-brain barrier and has neuroprotective effects on multiple central nervous system diseases. This study investigated the mechanism of action of Baicalin in treating spinal cord injury and found that it can inhibit blood-spinal cord barrier permeability and reduce neuronal apoptosis by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Wu Jiang, Fan He, Guoming Ding, Junsong Wu
Summary: TPT reduces neuronal death and improves functional recovery after SCI, possibly through inhibition of caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xuchen Liu, Chengqiang Wang, Qingshan Peng, Birong Peng, Lixin Zhu
Summary: Pramipexole (PPX) has a neuroprotective effect in spinal cord injury (SCI) by inhibiting nerve cell apoptosis and regulating protein expression levels, which facilitates the recovery of motor function.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Zhijie Zhu, Xin Li, Xuankang Wang, Xiaoshuang Zuo, Yangguang Ma, Xue Gao, Zhuowen Liang, Zhihao Zhang, Zhiwen Song, Tan Ding, Cheng Ju, Penghui Li, Kun Li, Jiawei Zhang, Huilin Quan, Zhe Wang, Xueyu Hu
Summary: The study demonstrates that Photobiomodulation (PBM) enhances the effectiveness of mitochondrial transplantation in treating spinal cord injury (SCI). PBM combined with mitochondrial transplantation increases ATP production, reduces oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis levels, promoting tissue repair and motor function recovery.
BIOENGINEERING & TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Yuka Nakamura, Masaki Ueno, Jesse K. Niehaus, Richard A. Lang, Yi Zheng, Yutaka Yoshida
Summary: Deleting RhoA and RhoC genes to eliminate extrinsic inhibitory pathways, as well as deleting the PTEN gene to enhance intrinsic regenerative response, were found to promote neural circuit rewiring through a combinatorial approach. While this method increased the potential for rewiring, it did not significantly impact axon regrowth across the lesion and motor recovery.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Zhen Li, Zehui Li, Zhenyue Chen, He Sun, Zhagen Yuan, Xiaochao Wang, Jinqiang Wei, Xuewei Cao, Decai Zheng
Summary: Andro has shown neuroprotective effects against spinal cord injury (SCI) by reducing apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation, promoting axonal regeneration and remyelination, leading to tissue repair and functional recovery.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Arezou Zarepour, Ayca Bal Ozturk, Duygu Koyuncu Irmak, Gokcen Yasayan, Aylin Gokmen, Erdal Karaoz, Atefeh Zarepour, Ali Zarrabi, Ebrahim Mostafavi
Summary: Spinal cord injury (SCI) has a significant impact on patients' quality of life and is known as one of the most challenging diseases in the world. Different therapeutic strategies, including the use of stem cells and nanomaterials, show promising potential for SCI treatment.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS AND BIOPHARMACEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Erliang Li, Rongbao Yan, Kang Yan, Ruqin Huang, Rui Zhang, Yanhua Wen, Shuang Li, Peng Li, Qiong Ma, Bo Liao
Summary: Through network pharmacology and molecular docking analysis, it was revealed that Erxian Decoction (EXD) inhibits apoptosis by activating Akt1, reducing spinal cord edema and restoring motor function in spinal cord injury (SCI) rats.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hongyan Zhang, Tian Hu, Mingxin Xiong, Shanshan Li, Wei-Xiong Li, Jinwen Liu, Xiang Zhou, Jian Qi, Gang-Biao Jiang
Summary: An injectable in situ gelling hydrogel loaded with cannabidiol has been developed for local delivery, showing promise as a biomaterial for tissue engineering and spinal cord injury treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Yu Huang, Jin Lin, Xuanwei Chen, Jianhua Lin
Summary: This study evaluated the role of Pannexin-1 in the development of spinal cord injury, revealing that Panx1 exacerbates cell apoptosis and worsens secondary damage.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Hongxiang Hong, Guanhua Xu, Guofeng Bao, Jinlong Zhang, Chu Chen, Jiajia Chen, Chunshuai Wu, Jiawei Jiang, Jiayi Huang, Haiming Huang, Zhiming Cui
Summary: This study found that VIRMA promotes neuronal apoptosis in spinal cord injury by regulating m6A methylation of STK10.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Yuluo Rong, Chengyue Ji, Zhuanghui Wang, Xuhui Ge, Jiaxing Wang, Wu Ye, Pengyu Tang, Dongdong Jiang, Jin Fan, Guoyong Yin, Wei Liu, Weihua Cai
Summary: After spinal cord injury, astrocytes release CCL2 through sEVs, affecting microglia and neurons, leading to neuronal apoptosis and microglial activation. The activated microglia then release IL-1 beta, further exacerbating neuronal apoptosis.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Zachary T. Olmsted, Cinzia Stigliano, Brandon Marzullo, Jose Cibelli, Philip J. Horner, Janet L. Paluh
Summary: This study evaluates the survival and integration of hiPSC-derived spinal motor neurons and oligodendrocyte progenitor cells in a rat model, demonstrating successful transplantation and meeting functional electrophysiology parameters. The findings provide a streamlined and predictable approach for neural cell-based therapies of spinal cord injury.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)