Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ottavia Bettucci, Giovanni Maria Matrone, Francesca Santoro
Summary: Organic bioelectronics has seen exponential growth in various applications, but challenges remain in matching biological structures. The transition from bulky inorganic electronics to flexible organic devices can improve coupling efficiency with human tissues, enhancing device performance.
ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
(2022)
Review
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Hai-Tao Deng, Dan-Liang Wen, Tao Feng, Yi-Lin Wang, Xin-Ran Zhang, Peng Huang, Xiao-Sheng Zhang
Summary: Wearable electronics play an important role in the Internet of Things, and efforts have been made to overcome the limitations of traditional functional materials by using composite engineering to develop stretchable electronics with different functions. This article focuses on silicone rubber-based conductive composites, including their conductivity mechanisms, synthesis methods, and applications.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Hai-Tao Deng, Dan-Liang Wen, Jing-Rui Liu, Xin-Ran Zhang, Yi-Lin Wang, Peng Huang, Beomjoon Kim, Xiao-Sheng Zhang
Summary: Wearable sensors are important in modern society, especially in the fields of electronic skin, robotics, prosthetics, and healthcare. A stretchable multifunctional sensor was developed based on porous silver nanowire/silicone rubber conductive film, which can sense pressure, temperature, and friction. This sensor successfully achieved the monitoring of multiple variables of the human body and environment.
Review
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Shuhua Peng, Yuyan Yu, Shuying Wu, Chun-Hui Wang
Summary: Stretchable electronics are crucial for emerging technologies, with the challenge lying in their ability to withstand large mechanical strain while retaining electrical conduction properties. By judiciously selecting nanomaterials, designing novel microstructures, and simplifying fabrication processes, these stretching properties can be achieved for a wide range of applications.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
P. Vishakha T. Weerasinghe, Ruchira N. Wijesena, Nadeeka D. Tissera, Gayan Priyadarshana, Nandula D. Wanasekara, D. G. Kanchana Dissanayake, K. M. Nalin de Silva
Summary: A new approach using electroless plating was used to produce electrically conductive polyamide yarns by stabilizing silver nanoparticles on the surface of the yarn using Sn2+. SEM images, XRD patterns, TGA data, and UV-vis spectra confirmed the varying degrees of silver deposition on the fiber surface depending on the silver concentration. The resulting silver-plated yarn demonstrated stable resistance in a stretchable device, suggesting new possibilities for flexible electronics.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qiujie Meng, Lunyu Zhao, Yu Geng, Pengxiang Yin, Zhiping Mao, Xiaofeng Sui, Meixin Zhao, Edmondo M. Benetti, Xueling Feng
Summary: In this study, a one-pot strategy for fabricating SF/CNT films is proposed by designing SF as a modifier of CNTs through non-covalent interactions with the assistance of aqueous phosphoric acid solution. The as-fabricated SF/GL/CNT films showed excellent mechanical strength and high sensitivity, making them suitable for versatile sensors and real-time skin temperature monitoring. This sustainable strategy and the prepared composite films could greatly contribute to the development of electronic skins, personal health monitoring, and wearable electronics.
Review
Physics, Applied
Chansul Park, Min Su Kim, Hye Hyun Kim, Sung-Hyuk Sunwoo, Dong Jun Jung, Moon Kee Choi, Dae-Hyeong Kim
Summary: Recently, soft polymer nanocomposites have gained attention as promising materials for wearable devices due to their excellent conformal contacts with the skin. The properties of these nanocomposites depend on the types of polymers and nanofillers used. This review summarizes the latest studies on polymer nanocomposites used in wearable devices, addressing their characteristics, fabrication methods, applications, and limitations. It also provides a brief outlook for future research.
APPLIED PHYSICS REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xuanshuo Zhang, Jingfei Zhang, Wangwen Liao, Dehui Zhang, Yongqiang Dai, Chen Wu, Jinxiu Wen, Wei Zeng
Summary: In this study, double-network hydrogels were prepared through ion crosslinking and chemical crosslinking, and the resulting hydrogel sensors showed excellent performance in terms of stretchability and sensitivity. Based on these properties, the hydrogels can be used for motion monitoring, electronic skin, and other applications.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Byron Llerena Zambrano, Aline F. Renz, Tobias Ruff, Samuel Lienemann, Klas Tybrandt, Janos Voros, Jaehong Lee
Summary: This article systematically describes the recent progress of implantable soft electronics based on various conductive nanocomposites, focusing on representative fabrication approaches and various in vivo applications. The mechanical mismatch between implanted devices and biological environments can induce damages in the body, especially for long-term applications, which stretchable electronics effectively improve.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Olfa Kanoun, Ayda Bouhamed, Rajarajan Ramalingame, Jose Roberto Bautista-Quijano, Dhivakar Rajendran, Ammar Al-Hamry
Summary: Significant developments in flexible and stretchable force sensors have been witnessed in the past decade to meet the demand of various applications. This paper reviews current advances in the field, with a focus on polymer/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) based sensors. The influences of manufacturing processes on sensing properties, as well as the potential for different shapes, dimensions, and measurement procedures for sensors, are highlighted.
Article
Polymer Science
M. Sucharitha, Reena Thomas, B. Jyothi, Edeh Michael Onyema, Gashaw Bekele
Summary: Stretchable circuit is a technological innovation that has revolutionized the field of microelectronics in medicine. It improves the reliability of non-invasive clinical measures by enhancing the consistency and durability of health monitoring devices. Various stretchable interconnections, such as metal-conductive polymer hybrid interconnects and metal-polyimide dual-layered interconnects, have been developed using a stretchable substrate of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). However, the temperature sensitivity and hydrophobic nature of the PDMS substrate pose challenges in the deposition process and adhesion with different metals. Solutions to these issues have been explored through the development of fabrication processes on PDMS substrate.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
K. Parvathi, B. K. Bahuleyan, M. T. Ramesan
Summary: This study investigated the structural, thermal, and temperature-dependent electrical properties of flexible conductive chlorinated natural rubber with various contents of nickel oxide nanoparticles. The addition of nanoparticles improved the thermal stability, dielectric properties, and AC electrical conductivity of the composites. The study emphasized the importance of interfacial interaction between the fillers and rubber chain for network formation.
JOURNAL OF INORGANIC AND ORGANOMETALLIC POLYMERS AND MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Fathiah Kamarulazam, Shahid Bashir, M. Pershaanaa, Zhi Ling Goh, G. Surender, Prince Nishchal Narayanaswamy Elumalai, N. K. Farhana, S. Ramesh, K. Ramesh
Summary: This research presents a novel approach to develop flexible hydrogel electrolytes with impressive ionic conductivity, stretchability, and self-healing capabilities. By utilizing hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions, the hydrogel exhibited a significantly improved mechanical strength after the self-healing process. The immersion time was found to play a crucial role in enhancing the ionic conductivity and functionality of the hydrogel electrolytes.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dongjun Jung, Chaehong Lim, Chansul Park, Yeongjun Kim, Minseong Kim, Seunghwan Lee, Hyunjin Lee, Jeong Hyun Kim, Taeghwan Hyeon, Dae-Hyeong Kim
Summary: This study presents a material strategy for highly conductive and stretchable nanocomposites by combining metal nanomaterials of various dimensions and a viscoelastic block-copolymer matrix. The resistance of the nanocomposites can be maintained under skin deformations, making them promising for skin electronics applications.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dongjun Jung, Yeongjun Kim, Hyunjin Lee, Sonwoo Jung, Chansul Park, Taeghwan Hyeon, Dae-Hyeong Kim
Summary: This study presents a novel material strategy for a stretchable conductive nanocomposite with high conductivity and stretchability by locally bundling silver nanowires and using dual ligands. The resulting nanocomposite has potential applications in skin-like electronics and has been demonstrated in a wearable thermo-stimulation device.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dong Chan Kim, Hyung Joon Shim, Woongchan Lee, Ja Hoon Koo, Dae-Hyeong Kim
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2020)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ja Hoon Koo, Jun-Kyul Song, Seungwon Yoo, Sung-Hyuk Sunwoo, Donghee Son, Dae-Hyeong Kim
ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hyunwoo Joo, Youngsik Lee, Jaemin Kim, Jeong-Suk Yoo, Seungwon Yoo, Sangyeon Kim, Ashwini Kumar Arya, Sangjun Kim, Seung Hong Choi, Nanshu Lu, Han Sang Lee, Sanghoek Kim, Soon-Tae Lee, Dae-Hyeong Kim
Summary: This study presents a novel treatment system for neurological emergencies using a soft implantable drug delivery device. The efficacy of the prompt treatment was demonstrated in animal experiments, showing reduced brain damages and increased survival rates. By integrating the SID wirelessly with wearable devices, bulky rigid components can be minimized, achieving mechanical softness and miniaturization.
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Hyung Joon Shim, Sung-Hyuk Sunwoo, Yeongjun Kim, Ja Hoon Koo, Dae-Hyeong Kim
Summary: This article reviews recent progress in the functionalization of elastomers and their application in intrinsically soft and biointegrated electronics, including adding fillers for functionalization, synthesizing or processing conducting or semiconducting elastomers, and employing other functionalization strategies to improve device performance.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Jun-Kyul Song, Min Sung Kim, Seungwon Yoo, Ja Hoon Koo, Dae-Hyeong Kim
Summary: Efforts have been made to overcome the limitations of conventional rigid optoelectronic devices by using functional nanomaterials and organic materials for mechanical deformability. Advanced device designs and unconventional fabrication methods have contributed to the development of soft optoelectronic devices, leading to the creation of new devices. The focus is on developing deformable photodetectors and light-emitting diodes, with a discussion on system-level applications and future prospects.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dongjun Jung, Chaehong Lim, Hyung Joon Shim, Yeongjun Kim, Chansul Park, Jaebong Jung, Sang Ihn Han, Sung-Hyuk Sunwoo, Kyoung Won Cho, Gi Doo Cha, Dong Chan Kim, Ja Hoon Koo, Ji Hoon Kim, Taeghwan Hyeon, Dae-Hyeong Kim
Summary: The float assembly method allows for the fabrication of nanomembranes with high conductivity, stretchability, and ultrathin thickness, enabling skin electronics to achieve high elasticity and patterning for multifunctional epidermal sensor arrays.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Dong Chan Kim, Huiwon Yun, Junhee Kim, Hyojin Seung, Won Seok Yu, Ja Hoon Koo, Jiwoong Yang, Ji Hoon Kim, Taeghwan Hyeon, Dae-Hyeong Kim
Summary: The study demonstrates a method for creating 3D foldable QLEDs using laser patterning and metal etch-stop layers, allowing for devices with extremely small bending radii to be fabricated, and showcasing its application in creating 3D foldable QLED arrays.
NATURE ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kyoung Won Cho, Sung-Hyuk Sunwoo, Yongseok Joseph Hong, Ja Hoon Koo, Jeong Hyun Kim, Seungmin Baik, Taeghwan Hyeon, Dae-Hyeong Kim
Summary: Recent advancements in nanostructured materials and unconventional device designs have led to significant improvements in bioelectronics, transitioning from rigid and bulky forms to soft and ultrathin forms. These advancements have enabled high-quality biosignal measurements, real-time feedback treatments, and reduced long-term side effects. Nanomaterials and their composites are extensively utilized for flexible and stretchable electronics, propelling the field of bioelectronics forward.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jun-Kyul Song, Junhee Kim, Jiyong Yoon, Ja Hoon Koo, Hyunjin Jung, Kyumin Kang, Sung-Hyuk Sunwoo, Seungwon Yoo, Hogeun Chang, Jinwoung Jo, Woonhyuk Baek, Sanghwa Lee, Mincheol Lee, Hye Jin Kim, Mikyung Shin, Young Jin Yoo, Young Min Song, Taeghwan Hyeon, Dae-Hyeong Kim, Donghee Son
Summary: This study reports the rational material design and device fabrication strategies for an intrinsically stretchable, multispectral, and multiplexed phototransistor array. The unique spatial distribution of size-tuned quantum dots within an elastomeric matrix and a semiconducting polymer enables the shape-tunable and colour-sensitive capabilities of the array. Compensation of optical aberrations and noises is achieved using a deep neural network algorithm, allowing precise detection of specific colour patterns under different curved states. In conclusion, this research realizes shape-tunable and colour-sensitive phototransistor arrays using intrinsically stretchable quantum-dot-based semiconducting nanocomposites.
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ja Hoon Koo, Juyeon Kang, Sungjun Lee, Jun-Kyul Song, Junhwan Choi, Jiyong Yoon, Hong Jun Park, Sung-Hyuk Sunwoo, Dong Chan Kim, Wangwoo Nam, Dae-Hyeong Kim, Sung Gap Im, Donghee Son
Summary: A thin and stretchable polymer layer fabricated by vacuum deposition can be used as the gate dielectric in stretchy carbon-nanotube-based transistors and circuits, which can function at 40% strain. This research is of great significance and is rated 9 out of 10 in importance.
NATURE ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Hye Jin Kim, Dongjun Jung, Sung-Hyuk Sunwoo, Sonwoo Jung, Ja Hoon Koo, Dae-Hyeong Kim
Summary: In this study, a material strategy for a stretchable conductor that combines conductive nanocomposites and conductive nanomembranes is proposed. The integration of a silver nanowire nanomembrane with a silver nanowire nanocomposite significantly improves conductivity and reduces impedance, resulting in a high conductivity of approximately 35,700 S cm(-1) and an impedance decrease of approximately 88.9% (at 1000 Hz). The stretchable conductor successfully records electrograms from the rat heart, identifies various arrhythmic events, and applies feedback pacing.
ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Optics
Ja Hoon Koo, Huiwon Yun, Woongchan Lee, Sung-Hyuk Sunwoo, Hyung Joon Shim, Dae-Hyeong Kim
Summary: This article reviews the recent advances in soft electronic materials for application in intrinsically stretchable optoelectronic devices, including materials composition, processing methods, and device types. Intrinsic stretchable optoelectronics provide a new solution for the stretchability of optoelectronic devices.
OPTO-ELECTRONIC ADVANCES
(2022)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ja Hoon Koo, Jun-Kyul Song, Dae-Hyeong Kim, Donghee Son
Summary: The development of implantable bioelectronics with long-term stability in vivo requires extremely soft mechanical properties and the use of ultrathin and stretchable device structures. Recently, multifunctional materials with softness, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and self-healing capabilities have been widely applied to various electronic implants for conformal and robust interfaces with target tissues.
ACS MATERIALS LETTERS
(2021)
Correction
Chemistry, Physical
Jun-Kyul Song, Min Sung Kim, Seungwon Yoo, Ja Hoon Koo, Dae-Hyeong Kim
