Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Huiling Sun, Kai Meng, Lin Hou, Lijun Shang, Jianqun Yan
Summary: GLP-2 is a hormone secreted from the gut and brainstem that can suppress food intake by influencing the hypothalamus through the nucleus tractus solitarius. The GLP-2 system in the nucleus tractus solitarius exerts an inhibitory action on food intake, mediated by MC4-R.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Rui Wang, Dan Fang, Tingting Lin, Wenhui Liang, Hu Qiao
Summary: The recent study found that aldosterone can play a non-genomic regulatory role in rapid sodium intake by activating G protein-coupled estrogen receptor at the NTS level, and it exhibits obvious time and concentration-dependent regulation. However, the molecular mechanism of how aldosterone regulates sodium intake rapidly is still unclear.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Bindu Parayil Sankaran, Saskia B. Wortman, Michel A. Willemsen, Shanti Balasubramaniam
Summary: A 7-year-old girl with rare genetic disease MEGD(H)EL presented with worsening respiratory issues and required mechanical ventilation, with MRI showing progression of known changes in the disease. Despite being ventilator dependent, she eventually succumbed to the effects of the disease.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xia Wang, Ruijuan Guan, Xiaomei Zhao, Jun Chen, Danian Zhu, Linlin Shen, Nana Song
Summary: TASKs, specifically TASK1 and TASK3, in orexin neurons play a crucial role in regulating respiratory chemoreflex, with orexin neurons sensing extracellular pH changes and projecting to the NTS to modulate respiration. Blocking TASKs or OX1R can affect breathing response to acidosis in the LH.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Antonietta Canna, Elena Cantone, Anne Roefs, Sieske Franssen, Anna Prinster, Elia Formisano, Francesco Di Salle, Fabrizio Esposito
Summary: In this study, ultra-high field fMRI was used to investigate the neural signals in the Nucleus Tractus Solitarius (NTS) in response to different taste stimuli in the human brainstem. The results demonstrated a significant blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) response in the predicted location of the NTS for all basic taste stimuli. This study suggests the potential of using a similar experimental strategy to explore the central nervous system involvement in eating disorders.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Sergey S. Panteleev, Ivan B. Sivachenko, Olga A. Lyubashina
Summary: Buspirone, a partial agonist of the 5-HT1a receptor, has complex effects on pain-related neurons in the NTS, with inhibitory effects on excitatory neurons and an inverted response on inhibitory neurons during abdominal pain. The involvement of NTS pain-related neurons in the anti- or pronociceptive effects of buspirone is proposed.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mette Q. Ludwig, Wenwen Cheng, Desiree Gordian, Julie Lee, Sarah J. Paulsen, Stine N. Hansen, Kristoffer L. Egerod, Pernille Barkholt, Christopher J. Rhodes, Anna Secher, Lotte Bjerre Knudsen, Charles Pyke, Martin G. Myers, Tune H. Pers
Summary: The study indicates that DVC neuronal populations associated with obesity predisposition can suppress feeding, making them potential therapeutic targets for obesity treatment. By activating some of these neuronal populations, feeding in rodents can be decreased, highlighting their importance in regulating energy balance.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Georgina K. C. Dowsett, Brian Y. H. Lam, John A. Tadross, Irene Cimino, Debra Rimmington, Anthony P. Coll, Joseph Polex-Wolf, Lotte Bjerre Knudsen, Charles Pyke, Giles S. H. Yeo
Summary: This study provides a detailed single-cell level characterization of cells in the AP and NTS expressing receptors for key anti-obesity drugs, revealing their gene expression profiles under different nutritional states. The research also identifies the transcriptional sensitivity of oligodendrocytes to overnight fasting and shows that roughly half of GIPR-expressing cells are oligodendrocytes.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Jaesub Park, Sangyeon Lee, Kwansoo Kim, Jaegyun Jung, Doheon Lee
Summary: In this study, a computational approach called LAPINE is proposed for large-scale prediction of ADR-related proteins. The results show that LAPINE is capable of predicting ADR-related proteins with high reliability, providing insights into the mechanism of ADRs and aiding in prevention. The source code of LAPINE is available on GitHub and Figshare.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mette Q. Ludwig, Petar V. Todorov, Kristoffer L. Egerod, David P. Olson, Tune H. Pers
Summary: The dorsal vagal complex (DVC) in the hindbrain plays a critical role in modulating satiety, with incretins like GLP-1 and GIP acting directly in the brain to regulate feeding through receptors expressed in the DVC. Single-cell approaches have been used to detect molecular signatures of incretin receptor-expressing cells in the DVC, and advancements in transcriptomics, epigenetics, spatial transcriptomics, and circuit mapping techniques hold potential for further characterizing incretin receptor circuits in the hindbrain.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chen Ran, Jack C. Boettcher, Judith A. Kaye, Catherine E. Gallori, Stephen D. Liberles
Summary: The nervous system uses various coding strategies to process sensory inputs. However, the principles underlying sensory processing by the interoceptive nervous system are not well understood. In this study, researchers used a two-photon calcium imaging method to investigate how internal organs are represented in the brainstem. They found that individual neurons in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) are tuned to detect signals from specific organs and are organized based on body position. Additionally, inputs from the same organ converge centrally in the NTS. These findings reveal key organizational features used by the brain to process interoceptive inputs.
Article
Neurosciences
Qiuping Ye, Si Yuan, Lulu Yao, Yong Dai, Bing Deng, Jiahui Hu, Jiao Qiao, Hongmei Wen, Zulin Dou, Nenggui Xu
Summary: This study aims to investigate the effect of nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) on post-stroke dysphagia (PSD) treated by electroacupuncture. The results showed that excitatory neurons in the NTS were involved in the treatment process of PSD by electroacupuncture. Furthermore, it was found that inhibiting the NTS reduced the EMG signal associated with swallowing response induced by M1 activation in PSD mice, which was rescued by electroacupuncture.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Motoi Kobashi, Yuichi Shimatani, Masako Fujita
Summary: We investigated the effects of anorectic substances on gastric reservoir function by examining the effects of oxytocin on the motility of the forestomach in rats. Oxytocin increased intragastric pressure in the forestomach in a dose-dependent manner and suppressed phasic contractions of the distal stomach. The involvement of the area postrema and/or medial nucleus of the nucleus tractus solitarius in these effects was confirmed.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Ashmita Mukherjee, Adrianne M. DiBrog, Elizabeth G. Mietlicki-Baase
Summary: Binge-like palatable food intake can reduce the expression of preproglucagon (PPG), the precursor for glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), in the hindbrain in male rats. However, it is unknown if similar effects occur in female rats.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Julio C. Pascoaloti-Lima, Benedito H. Machado, Daniela Accorsi-Mendonca
Summary: Short-term sustained hypoxia (SH) causes changes in the respiratory pattern of Wistar-Hannover rats, possibly by reducing inhibitory modulation onto NTS-VLM neurons rather than other synaptic transmission alterations.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Claudia G. Liberini, Rinzin Lhamo, Misgana Ghidewon, Tyler Ling, Nina Juntereal, Jack Chen, Anh Cao, Lauren M. Stein, Matthew R. Hayes
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2019)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Samantha M. Fortin, Jack Chen, Matthew R. Hayes
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2020)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Samantha M. Fortin, Jack Chen, Harvey J. Grill, Matthew R. Hayes
Summary: The Mes5 expresses the melanocortin-4 receptor and its activation can suppress food intake and body weight in mice. NTS POMC neurons projecting to Mes5 can be chemogenetically activated to drive a suppression in food intake, highlighting a novel circuit for modulating food intake and body weight.