Article
Agricultural Engineering
Yonas Zeslase Belete, Vivian Mau, Reut Yahav Spitzer, Roy Posmanik, David Jassby, Arpita Iddya, Nazih Kassem, Jefferson W. Tester, Amit Gross
Summary: The study found that using whey as a liquid for hydrothermal carbonization can result in higher calorific value of the produced hydrochar, and the hydrochar from HTC process contains higher nutrient concentrations, suggesting its potential use as a liquid fertilizer.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Didem ozcimen, Benan Inan, Anil Tevfik Kocer, Stephane Bostyn, Iskender Gokalp
Summary: Various organic waste streams generated by human activities such as municipal, agricultural, and industrial waste pose a serious challenge for sustainable disposal. Inefficient disposal processes can lead to pollution risks for air, soil, underground water, and sea. However, the use of hydrothermal technologies shows promise in managing and valorizing highly wet waste streams by utilizing water as a medium at high temperature and pressure.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hongcai Su, Xuanyou Zhou, Rendong Zheng, Zhihao Zhou, Yan Zhang, Gaojun Zhu, Caimeng Yu, Dwi Hantoko, Mi Yan
Summary: This study aims to convert oil extracted food waste into hydrochar as potential solid fuel via hydrothermal carbonization process. The hydrochar produced has higher high heating value and fuel ratio, increased carbon content, stable combustion process, and high removal rates of sodium and potassium. Hydrothermal carbonization is considered a promising alternative for treatment and energy conversion of OEFW.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Huu Son Le, Wei-Hsin Chen, Shams Forruque Ahmed, Zafar Said, Nazifa Rafa, Anh Tuan Le, Umit Agbulut, Ibham Veza, Xuan Phuong Nguyen, Xuan Quang Duong, Zuohua Huang, Anh Tuan Hoang
Summary: This study investigates the reaction mechanism, factors influencing, and physicochemical properties of hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of food waste (FW). HTC is considered a promising approach for treating FW, aiming to achieve dual benefits in terms of economy and energy in sustainable development.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Moonis Ali Khan, Bassim H. Hameed, Masoom Raza Siddiqui, Zeid A. Alothman, Ibrahim H. Alsohaimi
Summary: This review critically discusses recent developments in hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of food waste and its valorization to solid fuel. It covers food waste properties and fundamentals of the HTC reactor, as well as the effect of various factors on the physiochemical properties of hydrochar. The review finds that the hydrochar produced from food waste has properties comparable to sub-bituminous coal and can be used as fuel or co-combusted with coal.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Malgorzata Wilk, Maciej Sliz, Marcin Gajek
Summary: The study focuses on the hydrothermal carbonization of beet pulp, investigating the optimal treatment conditions under different temperatures and times, and exploring the changes in physical and chemical properties, combustion performance, and fiber structure of the resulting hydrochar. The results show that beet pulp can be a renewable and high-value solid biofuel.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xiuju Zhang, Huan Liu, Guangyan Yang, Yipeng Wang, Hong Yao
Summary: In this study, the random forest method was used to predict the application performance of hydrochar from kitchen waste. It was found that the properties of hydrochar can be generally predicted based on the composition of the feedstocks. Kitchen waste with high lipid and low carbohydrate is suitable for producing hydrochar with good fuel performance, while waste with high protein, high lipid, and low carbohydrate has the potential to be converted into excellent adsorbents.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Rhea Gallant, Aitazaz A. Farooque, Sophia He, Kang Kang, Yulin Hu
Summary: This review article focuses on recent studies using hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) for producing hydrochar and its potential application as a solid fuel pellet. It describes the effects of main HTC reaction parameters on the properties and yield of hydrochar, as well as the influences of various factors on the quality of fuel pellets made from hydrochar.
Article
Horticulture
Dengge Qin, Quan He, Seyed Mohammad Nasir Mousavi, Lord Abbey
Summary: This study aimed to improve the physical structure and chemical properties of hydrochar, a potential absorbent and horticultural substrate, through three pre-treatment methods. The results showed that microbial aging significantly enhanced the physicochemical properties of hydrochar and improved seed germination and root development. Therefore, microbial aging is considered to have the greatest potential for practical application in improving hydrochar.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Hari Bhakta Sharma, Sagarika Panigrahi, Brajesh K. Dubey
Summary: The study investigated the hydrothermal carbonization of food waste, finding that as severity increases, hydrochar yield decreases while its fuel properties improve. Using molasses as a binder resulted in pellets with higher mass density and energy density. Integration of HTC and pelletization can create local employment and new business prospects in food waste management.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Wang Liang, Chunhe Jiang, Guangwei Wang, Xiaojun Ning, Jianliang Zhang, Xingmin Guo, Runsheng Xu, Peng Wang, Lian Ye, Jinhua Li, Chuan Wang
Summary: The study aims to investigate the co-combustion reaction mechanism of biomass hydrochar and anthracite and identify the main influencing factors of the co-combustion reaction of the mixture. The results show that biomass hydrochar has better combustion performance compared to anthracite. The addition of biomass hydrochar improves the combustion performance of anthracite.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Michael M. Santos, Maria A. Diez, Marta Suarez, Teresa A. Centeno
Summary: This study presents a challenging approach to efficiently manage the organic fraction of municipal solid waste through hydrothermal carbonization, developing renewable carbonaceous solid for low-CO2 building materials. The resulting hydrochar shows promising properties for use in particleboards, with enhanced mechanical resistance and thermal insulation potential.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jelena Petrovic, Marija Ercegovic, Marija Simic, Dimitrios Kalderis, Marija Koprivica, Jelena Milojkovic, Dragan Radulovic
Summary: Mg-based pyro-hydrochars derived from waste grape pomace, corn cob, and Miscanthus x giganteus were successfully prepared and characterized. These materials exhibited high adsorption capacities for methylene blue and the adsorption process followed pseudo-second order kinetics. The materials can be effectively reused for multiple cycles with minimal loss of efficiency. This study highlights the potential of Mg-doped pyro-hydrochars as sustainable and efficient adsorbents for the removal of methylene blue from polluted wastewaters.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Huier Jiang, Zhijie Xie, Yichao Chen, Pan Zhou, Xiaofeng Liu, Dong Li
Summary: This study investigated the hydrothermal carbonization of various agricultural and forestry waste with biogas slurry to recover nutrients. The results showed that green bamboo was the most suitable biomass material for nitrogen recovery, while peanut straw was the best for phosphorus recovery. However, potassium could not be recovered through hydrothermal carbonization. The study also found that the total cellulosic content of the biomass influenced nitrogen recovery, and increased metal salt concentration promoted phosphorus recovery. The hydrochars obtained from different biomass samples had varying pore sizes, which had implications for nutrient slow-release and plant growth.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jibril Abdulsalam, Ramadimetja Lizah Setsepu, Abiodun Ismail Lawal, Moshood Onifade, Samson Oluwaseyi Bada
Summary: Biomass resources are being increasingly recognized for their potential in addressing environmental concerns, ensuring energy efficiency, and promoting long-term fuel sustainability. This study focused on the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of woody biomass, aiming to optimize the process conditions using response surface methodology (RSM) and genetic algorithm (GA). The optimized hydrochar blends, when mixed with coal discard, demonstrated an increased calorific value, making them a viable alternative energy source.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Cameron Bracken, Nathalie Voisin, Casey D. Burleyson, Allison M. Campbell, Z. Jason Hou, Daniel Broman
Summary: This study presents a methodology and dataset for examining compound wind and solar energy droughts, as well as the first standardized benchmark of energy droughts across the Continental United States (CONUS) for a 2020 infrastructure. The results show that compound wind and solar droughts have distinct spatial and temporal patterns across the CONUS, and the characteristics of energy droughts are regional. The study also finds that compound high load events occur more often during compound wind and solar droughts than expected.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ning Zhang, Yanghao Yu, Jiawei Wu, Ershun Du, Shuming Zhang, Jinyu Xiao
Summary: This paper provides insights into the optimal configuration of CSP plants with different penetrations of wind power by proposing an unconstrained optimization model. The results suggest that large solar multiples and TES are preferred in order to maximize profit, especially when combined with high penetrations of wind and photovoltaic plants. Additionally, the study demonstrates the economy and feasibility of installing electric heaters (EH) in CSP plants, which show a linear correlation with the penetration of variable energy resources.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
M. Szubel, K. Papis-Fraczek, S. Podlasek
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
J. Silva, J. C. Goncalves, C. Rocha, J. Vilaca, L. M. Madeira
Summary: This study investigated the methanation of CO2 in biogas and compared two different methanation reactors. The results showed that the cooled reactor without CO2 separation achieved a CO2 conversion rate of 91.8%, while the adiabatic reactors achieved conversion rates of 59.6% and 67.2%, resulting in an overall conversion rate of 93.0%. Economic analysis revealed negative net present worth values, indicating the need for government monetary incentives.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yang Liu, Yonglan Xi, Xiaomei Ye, Yingpeng Zhang, Chengcheng Wang, Zhaoyan Jia, Chunhui Cao, Ting Han, Jing Du, Xiangping Kong, Zhongbing Chen
Summary: This study investigated the effect of using nanofiber membrane composites containing Prussian blue-like compound nanoparticles (PNPs) to relieve ammonia nitrogen inhibition of rural organic household waste during high-solid anaerobic digestion and increase methane production. The results showed that adding NMCs with 15% PNPs can lower the concentrations of volatile fatty acids and ammonia nitrogen, and increase methane yield.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zhong Ge, Xiaodong Wang, Jian Li, Jian Xu, Jianbin Xie, Zhiyong Xie, Ruiqu Ma
Summary: This study evaluates the thermodynamic, exergy, and economic performance of a double-stage organic flash cycle (DOFC) using ten eco-friendly hydrofluoroolefins. The influences of key parameters on performance are analyzed, and the advantages of DOFC over single-stage type are quantified.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Nicolas Kirchner-Bossi, Fernando Porte-Agel
Summary: This study investigates the optimization of power density in wind farms and its sensitivity to the available area size. A novel genetic algorithm (PDGA) is introduced to optimize power density and turbine layout. The results show that the PDGA-driven solutions significantly reduce the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) compared to the default layout, and exhibit a convex relationship between area and LCOE or power density.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Chunxiao Zhang, Dongdong Li, Lin Wang, Qingpo Yang, Yutao Guo, Wei Zhang, Chao Shen, Jihong Pu
Summary: In this study, a novel reversible liquid-filled energy-saving window that effectively regulates indoor solar radiation heat gain is proposed. Experimental results show that this window can effectively reduce indoor temperature during both summer and winter seasons, while having minimal impact on indoor illuminance.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Alessandro L. Aguiar, Martinho Marta-Almeida, Mauro Cirano, Janini Pereira, Leticia Cotrim da Cunha
Summary: This study analyzed the Brazilian Equatorial Shelf using a high-resolution ocean model and found significant tidal variations in the area. Several hypothetical barrages were proposed with higher annual power generation than existing barrages. The study also evaluated the installation effort of these barrages.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Francesco Superchi, Nathan Giovannini, Antonis Moustakis, George Pechlivanoglou, Alessandro Bianchini
Summary: This study focuses on the optimization of a hybrid power station on the Tilos island in Greece, aiming to increase energy export and revenue by optimizing energy fluxes. Different scenarios are proposed to examine the impact of different agreements with the grid operator on the optimal solution.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Peimaneh Shirazi, Amirmohammad Behzadi, Pouria Ahmadi, Sasan Sadrizadeh
Summary: This research presents two novel energy production/storage/usage systems to reduce energy consumption and environmental effects in buildings. A biomass-fired model and a solar-driven system integrated with photovoltaic thermal (PVT) panels and a heat pump were designed and assessed. The results indicate that the solar-based system has an acceptable energy cost and the PVT-based system with a heat pump is environmentally superior. The biomass-fired system shows excellent efficiency.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zihao Qi, Yingling Cai, Yunxiang Cui
Summary: This study aims to investigate the operational characteristics of the solar-ground source heat pump system (SGSHPS) in Shanghai under different operation modes. It concludes that tandem operation mode 1 is the optimal mode for winter operation in terms of energy efficiency.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
L. Bartolucci, S. Cordiner, A. Di Carlo, A. Gallifuoco, P. Mele, V. Mulone
Summary: Spent coffee grounds are a valuable biogenic waste that can be used as a source of biofuels and valuable chemicals through pyrolysis and solvent extraction processes. The study found that heavy organic bio-oil derived from coffee grounds can be used as a carbon-rich biofuel, while solvent extraction can extract xantines and p-benzoquinone, which are important chemicals for various industries. The results highlight the promising potential of solvent extraction in improving the economic viability of coffee grounds pyrolysis-based biorefineries.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Luiza de Queiroz Correa, Diego Bagnis, Pedro Rabelo Melo Franco, Esly Ferreira da Costa Junior, Andrea Oliveira Souza da Costa
Summary: Building-integrated photovoltaics, especially organic solar technology, are important for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the building sector. This study analyzed the performance of organic panels laminated in glass in a vertical installation in Latin America. Results showed that glass lamination and vertical orientation preserved the panels' performance and led to higher energy generation in winter.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zhipei Hu, Shuo Jiang, Zhigao Sun, Jun Li
Summary: This study proposes innovative fin arrangements to enhance the thermal performance of latent heat storage units. Through optimization of fin distribution and prediction of transient melting behaviors, it is found that fin structures significantly influence heat transfer characteristics and melting behaviors.