Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Anjana Srivastava, Aanchal Chabra, G. P. Singh, P. C. Srivastava
Summary: The study found that common household chemicals can effectively remove pesticide residues from chili. Different decontamination processes have varying effects on reducing pesticide residues in chili, with specific pesticides showing different levels of reduction.
JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION
(2021)
Article
Entomology
Guillermo Cabezas, Gema P. Farinos
Summary: The study found that certain insecticides currently in use pose a higher toxicity risk to buff-tailed bumblebees than some banned neonicotinoids. Neonicotinoids have been identified as a major cause of global bee decline.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Erandis D. Torres-Sanchez, Genaro G. Ortiz, Emmanuel Reyes-Uribe, Juan H. Torres-Jasso, Joel Salazar-Flores
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative illness that causes alterations in cognitive development. Exposure to pesticides increases the phosphorylation of tau protein, leading to neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, and negatively affecting cognitive abilities.
WORLD JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CASES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yan Li, Xianyu Wang, Jean Feary McKenzie, Andreat Mannetje, Soo Cheng, Chang He, Janet Leathem, Neil Pearce, Jordi Sunyer, Brenda Eskenazi, Ruby Yeh, Lesa L. Aylward, Geoffrey Donovan, Jochen F. Mueller, Jeroen Douwes
Summary: This study aimed to assess pesticide exposure and its determinants in children aged 5-14 years. The study found that New Zealand children had relatively high exposures to chlorpyrifos/triclopyr and pyrethroids, and factors such as season, area of residence, diet, in-home pest control, and pets were associated with exposure.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Joy Hussain, Marc Cohen, Cindy J. O. 'Malley, Nitin Mantri, Yan Li, Jochen F. Mueller, Ronda Greaves, Xianyu Wang
Summary: This study found that metabolites of synthetic pesticides such as organophosphates and pyrethroids can be detected in human sweat, raising questions about the role of perspiration in the metabolism and excretion of these chemicals.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Joseph Belsky, David J. Biddinger, Neelendra K. Joshi
Summary: The study evaluated the toxicity of different insecticides on blue orchard bees and found that different combinations of insecticides had varying mortality rates at different time points. Additionally, the study also found that a 1:1 binary combination of insecticides resulted in higher toxicity compared to individual active ingredients.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Samuel Fuhrimann, Hans G. J. Mol, Jonatan Dias, Mohamed Aqiel Dalvie, Martin Roosli, Celine Degrendele, Daniel M. Figueiredo, Anke Huss, Lutzen Portengen, Roel Vermeulen
Summary: This study assessed pesticide exposure in child/guardian pairs living in farms and villages in two agricultural areas in South Africa using silicone wristbands. Children had higher exposure levels than guardians for several pesticides, indicating potential non-occupational shared exposure pathways within households among family members.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Dominique Mingeot, Louis Hautier, Jean-Pierre Jansen
Summary: The study found that 97.6% of peach potato aphids showed resistance to pyrethroids, while 36.2% also displayed resistance to carbamates. Microsatellite genotyping revealed moderate genetic diversity and a structured population in terms of gene combinations, indicating the need to reduce insecticide selection pressure and implement mitigating techniques.
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Peipan Gong, Xinan Li, Chao Wang, Saige Zhu, Qiuchi Li, Yunhui Zhang, Xiangrui Li, Guangkuo Li, Enliang Liu, Haifeng Gao, Xueqing Yang, Xun Zhu
Summary: This study investigated the insecticide sensitivity of 19 M. dirhodum populations from Northern China to neonicotinoids, pyrethroids, organophosphates, and a macrolide. The results revealed high resistance in some populations to certain insecticides, while also showing a spectrum of resistance levels across different pesticides. Additionally, a significant correlation between the resistance levels of beta-cypermethrin and thiamethoxam was observed, indicating potential cross-resistance between these two insecticides.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Niharika Anand, Paromita Chakraborty, Sujata Ray
Summary: The study found that in India, urban areas are at higher risk of pesticide exposure compared to semi-urban agricultural regions. Pesticide concentrations in human milk samples were higher in urban Kolkata than in semi-urban Nadia, with infants in both regions exceeding the Tolerable Daily Intake for certain pesticides. This indicates a shift in pesticide usage patterns from organochlorines to pyrethroids in India.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Lucia Zuscikova, Denis Bazany, Hana Greifova, Nikola Knizatova, Anton Kovacik, Norbert Lukac, Tomas Jambor
Summary: Neonicotinoids are widely used insecticides in crop protection due to their high toxicity to pests and ease of application, but their persistent nature and systemic spread raise concerns about environmental contamination and non-target organism toxicity. Acetamiprid, a new generation insecticide with low toxicity to honeybees, is considered a safer alternative. However, extensive usage of acetamiprid has also negatively impacted non-target animals. This review summarizes animal studies that investigated the toxicity of specific neonicotinoids, highlighting reproductive system disruptions and metabolic changes in both male and female organisms.
Article
Agronomy
Antonio Gugliuzzo, Gaetano Giuliano, Roberto Rizzo, Giovanna Tropea Garzia, Antonio Biondi
Summary: This study evaluated the potential of several insecticides in controlling X. compactus, a highly invasive species causing damage to various host plants. The results showed that some of the tested insecticides had significant lethal and sublethal effects on the beetles. This research provides important baseline data for the development of integrated pest management strategies against this pest.
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Michele Castro de Paula, Nathan Rodrigues Batista, Dayana Alves da Silva Cunha, Poliana Galvao dos Santos, William Fernando Antonialli-Junior, Claudia Andrea Lima Cardoso, Euclesio Simionatto
Summary: Agricultural production and the use of insecticides pose risks to the biodiversity and ecosystem services provided by bees. This study focused on the effects of the insecticide thiamethoxam on the stingless bee Plebeia catamarcensis. The study found that thiamethoxam can have lethal and sublethal effects on the bees, impacting their mobility and potentially leading to population decline.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ajchamon Thammachai, Ratana Sapbamrer, Juthasiri Rohitrattana, Siam Tongprasert, Surat Hongsibsong, Kampanat Wangsan
Summary: This cross-sectional study examined farmers' knowledge, awareness, practices, and prevalence of health symptoms related to pesticide exposure. The study found that farmers who applied organophosphates had lower knowledge, awareness, and prevention practices regarding pesticide use compared to those who applied pyrethroids. After adjusting for covariate variables, farmers who applied organophosphates had a significantly higher prevalence of respiratory conditions, neurological symptoms, and neurobehavioral symptoms related to pesticide exposure compared to those who applied pyrethroids.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Elizabeth K. Rowen, Kirsten A. Pearsons, Richard G. Smith, Kyle Wickings, John F. Tooker
Summary: Growing evidence suggests that conservation agricultural practices, such as no-till and cover crops, can help protect crops from insect pests by promoting populations of arthropod predators. However, the excessive use of insecticides by field crop producers may disrupt the benefits associated with conservation practices. This study found that planting cover crops and reducing the use of broad-spectrum insecticides were more effective in managing pests compared to interventions-based strategies.
ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Agronomy
Bartlomiej J. Troczka, Kumar Saurabh Singh, Christoph T. Zimmer, John Vontas, Ralf Nauen, Alex Hayward, Chris Bass
Summary: The green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, has shown exceptional resistance to both natural and synthetic insecticides, providing important insights into the origin of novel traits, the significance of mutational events in evolutionary adaptations, and the potential use of host plant adaptations in conferring resistance to synthetic insecticides. Research on the molecular mechanisms underlying insecticide resistance in M. persicae has raised questions about the genetic architecture of resistance to natural and synthetic xenobiotics.
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Amma L. Simon, John C. Caulfield, Kim E. Hammond-Kosack, Linda M. Field, Gudbjorg Aradottir
Summary: The study found that the ancestral wheat Triticum monococcum genotypes MDR045 and MDR049 showed resistance to aphids, potentially providing indirect resistance by attracting natural enemies, in addition to reducing aphid population growth. This resistance has strong potential for incorporation into commercial wheat varieties to reduce aphid populations and virus transmission in Integrated Pest Management strategies.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Catherine E. Reavey, Adam S. Walker, Stephen P. Joyce, Lucy Broom, Alan Willse, Kyla Ercit, Mattia Poletto, Zoe H. Barnes, Thea Marubbi, Bartlomiej J. Troczka, David Treanor, Katherine Beadle, Ben Granville, Vanessa de Mello, Joss Teal, Edward Sulston, Anna Ashton, Luxziyah Akilan, Neil Naish, Oliver Stevens, Nerys Humphreys-Jones, Simon A. J. Warner, Sian A. M. Spinner, Nathan R. Rose, Graham Head, Neil Morrison, Kelly J. Matzen
Summary: This study successfully developed a self-limiting strain of fall armyworm to control the pest by suppressing its populations, and population models demonstrated its potential as an effective method to manage resistance to Bt crops in fall armyworm populations. These findings provide promising new approaches to address the damage caused by resistant pests to crops and hinder sustainable agriculture.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adam Pym, Paul A. Umina, Jenny Reidy-Crofts, Bartlomiej J. Troczka, Andrew Matthews, James Gardner, Benjamin J. Hunt, Anthony R. van Rooyen, Owain R. Edwards, Chris Bass
Summary: The green peach aphid, a globally distributed crop pest with resistance to multiple insecticides, has been found to have low-level resistance to sulfoxaflor in populations in Australia. Two novel mechanisms conferring resistance to this insecticide have been identified. These findings provide a platform for the development of strategies to slow, prevent, or overcome stronger resistance to sulfoxaflor.
INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Ewan Richardson, Rafael A. Homem, Bartlomiej J. Troczka, Christopher H. George, Ulrich Ebbinghaus-Kintscher, Martin S. Williamson, Ralf Nauen, Tg Emyr Davies
Summary: The study found that the I4790M target site mutation in populations of diamondback moth confers only a moderate level of resistance to diamide insecticides, but may have significant impacts on the insect's fitness.
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Ana Duarte, Adam Pym, William T. Garrood, Bartlomiej J. Troczka, Christoph T. Zimmer, T. G. Emyr Davies, Ralf Nauen, Andrias O. O'Reilly, Chris Bass
Summary: The sustainable control of many highly damaging insect crop pests and disease vectors is threatened by the evolution of insecticide resistance. Research found that a single gene evolved the capacity to detoxify two structurally unrelated insecticides with different modes of action, conferring cross-resistance. Gene duplication and divergence can lead to the evolution of multiple novel functions from a single gene.
Article
Environmental Studies
Laura Kor, Ben O'Hickey, Matthew Hanson, Mihai Coroi
Summary: Ecological connectivity is crucial for maintaining biodiversity and life processes on Earth. However, environmental planning decisions often overlook landscape-scale impacts. This study presents a novel approach to assess habitat connectivity in an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for the Heathrow Third Runway Expansion Project in southeast England. The circuit theory method, combining field data, remote sensing, and species-specific literature reviews, was used to analyze functional connectivity for grass snakes and soprano pipistrelles. The results identified important areas for species movement and vulnerable "pinch-points" that could be affected by development. The study discusses the implications for impact assessment, mitigation design, and mainstreaming connectivity analysis in EIA and decision-making.
IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND PROJECT APPRAISAL
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Gagandeep Singh Brar, Satnam Singh, Jayendra Nath Shukla, Vijay Kumar, T. G. Emyr Davies, Gurmeet Kaur, Suneet Pandher, Ramandeep Kaur
Summary: In this study, the sex determination mechanism of the major cotton pest, Bemisia tabaci, was investigated and it was found that the Asia II-1 doublesex (Btdsx) gene of Bemisia tabaci produces multiple forms of protein through sex-specific splicing, with significantly higher expression in female adults. Knockdown of Btdsx resulted in up-regulation of vitellogenin genes in males and down-regulation in females, and also led to reduced fecundity and egg hatching percentage. However, the female: male ratios in the progeny were not affected.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rob King, Benjamin Buer, T. G. Emyr Davies, Eric Ganko, Marcus Guest, Keywan Hassani-Pak, David Hughes, Klaus Raming, Chris Rawlings, Martin Williamson, Andrew Crossthwaite, Ralf Nauen, Linda Field
Summary: There are numerous insect pests that globally damage agricultural crops and reduce yields, either by directly feeding on plants or by spreading plant diseases. Currently, synthetic insecticides are primarily used for pest control, but their use is limited by legislation and the evolution of resistance in pests. Therefore, there is a shift towards reducing insecticide use and adopting integrated pest management strategies that involve non-chemical and chemical control methods. Understanding the mode of action, selectivity, life cycles, biology, and behaviors of pests through genome data can greatly benefit pest control efforts.
PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Julian Haas, Elena Beck, Bartlomiej J. Troczka, Angela Hayward, Gillian Hertlein, Marion Zaworra, Bettina Lueke, Benjamin Buer, Frank Maiwald, Michael E. Beck, Birgit Nebelsiek, Johannes Glaubitz, Chris Bass, Ralf Nauen
Summary: Many plants produce chemical defense compounds to protect against herbivores, but how beneficial insects like pollinators deal with these potentially toxic chemicals in nectar and pollen is not well understood. This study reveals a conserved mechanism in hymenopteran species, including honeybees, where the CYP336 family of enzymes detoxifies alkaloids, a group of powerful natural insecticides. The research provides insights into the evolution and molecular basis of detoxification systems in hymenopteran species as well as adaptations arising from interactions between plants and beneficial insects.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Laura James, Andrew M. Reynolds, Ian R. Mellor, T. G. Emyr Davies
Summary: Pesticide exposure is a major threat to insect pollinators. This study examined the effects of sublethal concentrations of sulfoxaflor, thiacloprid, and thiamethoxam on the behavior of buff-tailed bumblebees. The results showed that only thiamethoxam impaired the bees' ability to improve in training tasks. This pilot assay provides a new tool for identifying subtle pesticide impacts on forager bees, which current ecotoxicological tests cannot assess.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Laura Kor, Mateo Fernandez-Lucero, Diego Arturo Granados Florez, Terence P. Dawson, Mauricio Diazgranados
Summary: This study evaluates the integration of scientific and local knowledge in the conservation of useful plants in Colombia using the Important Plant Areas (IPA) approach. The results show that working with local communities can enhance the understanding of useful plants for spatial conservation planning. Additionally, participatory approaches should go beyond community-based conservation and data collection to inform global conservation program design.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Laura Kor, Mauricio Diazgranados
Summary: By using the Important Plant Areas (IPA) approach, 10 priority sites for plant conservation were identified in Colombia. These sites represent six of the country's 13 bioregions and cover only 0.27% of its land area. Targeted fieldwork, stakeholder engagement, and consultation with local resource users are necessary to confirm these IPAs.
BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
(2023)