Minimum margin loss for deep face recognition

Face recognition has achieved great success owing to the fast development of deep neural networks in the past few years. Different loss functions can be used in a deep neural network resulting in different performance. Most recently some loss functions have been proposed, which have advanced the state of the art. However, they cannot solve the problem of margin bias which is present in class imbalanced datasets, having the so-called long-tailed distributions. In this paper, we propose to solve the margin bias problem by setting a minimum margin for all pairs of classes. We present a new loss function, Minimum Margin Loss (MML), which is aimed at enlarging the margin of those overdose class centre pairs so as to enhance the discriminative ability of the deep features. MML, together with Softmax Loss and Centre Loss, supervises the training process to balance the margins of all classes irrespective of their class distributions. We implemented MML in Inception-ResNet-v1 and conducted extensive experiments on seven face recognition benchmark datasets, MegaFace, FaceScrub, LFW, SLLFW, YTF, IJB-B and IJB-C. Experimental results show that the proposed MML loss function has led to new state of the art in face recognition, reducing the negative effect of margin bias. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.