Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shih-Chun Chang, Chun-Yi Tsai, Keng-Hao Liu, Shang-yu Wang, Jun-Te Hsu, Ta-Sen Yeh, Chun-Nan Yeh
Summary: This case report describes a fatal fulminant hepatitis B reactivation in a male patient with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors who received everolimus and octreotide treatment. The patient did not receive hepatitis B virus prophylaxis treatment and ultimately died due to acute hepatitis B flare-up-related fulminant hepatic failure.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Yu Mou, Zi-Yao Wang, Chun-Lu Tan, Yong-Hua Chen, Xu-Bao Liu, Neng-Wen Ke
Summary: This study suggests that primary tumor resection in pancreatic neuroendocrine patients with liver metastases can result in a longer survival time. Primary tumor resection with synchronous liver metastasis resection is not associated with a better survival benefit.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Rejoice Ngongoni, Brendan Visser
Summary: Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors are aggressive tumors that often metastasize to the liver. Treatment options include surgery, liver directed therapy, and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Mehmet Ali Gultekin, Hac Mehmet Turk, Ismail Yurtsever, Dilek Hacer Cesme, Mesut Seker, Mehmet Besiroglu, Alpay Alkan
Summary: The study found significantly lower ADC and ADC(mean) values in liver metastases of GEP-NET group, with ROC curve analysis showing a significant difference, indicating that ADC and ADC(mean) values can be used to differentiate GEP-NET metastases from adenocarcinoma metastases.
ACADEMIC RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Xu-Feng Zhang, Feng Xue, Zheng Wu, Alexandra G. Lopez-Aguiar, George Poultsides, Eleftherios Makris, Flavio Rocha, Zaheer Kanji, Sharon Weber, Alexander Fisher, Ryan Fields, Bradley A. Krasnick, Kamran Idrees, Paula M. Smith, Cliff Cho, Megan Beems, Yi Lyu, Shishir K. Maithel, Timothy M. Pawlik
Summary: This study aimed to improve the prognostic accuracy of pNETs by establishing and validating a new staging system. The eighth edition of AJCC staging system for pNETs failed to stratify patients effectively, while the proposed mTNM staging system showed better stratification based on long-term overall survival. This research has important implications for the treatment and prognosis evaluation of pNETs.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Takeshi Takamoto, Satoshi Nara, Daisuke Ban, Takahiro Mizui, Yoshiki Murase, Minoru Esaki, Kazuaki Shimada
Summary: This study reveals the improved prognosis of surgical treatment for advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PanNEN) in the past decade. However, more careful perioperative examinations and possibly additional treatments are required for PanNEN patients with portal vein invasion.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Seungchul Han, Jung Hoon Kim, Jeongin Yoo, Siwon Jang
Summary: The study revealed that MRI features such as size, enhancement pattern, vascular invasion, and ductal dilatation are useful in predicting recurrence and poor disease-free survival (DFS) after surgery in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PNET) patients.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Khalil Ramdhani, Arthur J. A. T. Braat
Summary: This review provides basic insights into radioembolization as a treatment for neuroendocrine liver metastases, discussing its promising results in terms of efficacy and toxicity, as well as the need for clarification of data and challenges in this field.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Anna Caterina Milanetto, Anna-Lea Gais Zurcher, Alina David, Matteo Fassan, Claudio Pasquali
Summary: This retrospective study evaluated the possible prognostic role of clinic-pathological features and surgery in pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs). The results showed that about 20% of pNENs had a size > 4 cm, 78% were nonfunctioning, and 55% had distant metastases at diagnosis. However, long-term survival of more than five years can be achieved after surgery.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Xu-Feng Zhang, Feng Xue, Ding-Hui Dong, Alexandra G. Lopez-Aguiar, George Poultsides, Eleftherios Makris, Flavio Rocha, Zaheer Kanji, Sharon Weber, Alexander Fisher, Ryan Fields, Bradley A. Krasnick, Kamran Idrees, Paula M. Smith, Cliff Cho, Megan Beems, Yi Lv, Shishir K. Maithel, Timothy M. Pawlik
Summary: The study found that both the number of metastatic lymph nodes and the minimum number of lymph nodes necessary for accurate staging play a crucial role in the prognosis of patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Particularly for patients with lymph node metastasis, regional lymphadenectomy of at least 8 lymph nodes was necessary for accurate staging.
Article
Oncology
Xing Wang, Jia-Jun Qiu, Chun-Lu Tan, Yong-Hua Chen, Qing-Quan Tan, Shu-Jie Ren, Fan Yang, Wen-Qing Yao, Dan Cao, Neng-Wen Ke, Xu-Bao Liu
Summary: This study developed a quantitative nomogram that combines radiomic signatures with clinical characteristics to accurately predict the histology grade of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) preoperatively.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Rosa Lynn Schmitz, Julia Weissbach, Jan Kleilein, Jessica Bell, Stefan Huettelmaier, Fabrice Viol, Till Clauditz, Patricia Grabowski, Helmut Laumen, Jonas Rosendahl, Patrick Michl, Joerg Schrader, Sebastian Krug
Summary: Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNET) are rare and heterogeneous compared to pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Various therapeutic approaches, including surgical resection, targeted therapy, and biotherapy, are applicable, but resistance to current therapies remains challenging. Recent research suggests targeting epigenetic modulators in neuroendocrine cells as a new therapeutic avenue, with studies showing potential functional effects and pathways affected.
Article
Pathology
Sarah E. Umetsu, Sanjay Kakar, Olca Basturk, Grace E. Kim, Deyali Chatterjee, Kwun Wah Wen, Gillian Hale, Na fis Sha, Soo-Jin Cho, Julia Whitman, Ryan M. Gill, Kirk D. Jones, Pooja Navale, Emily Bergsland, David Klimstra, Nancy M. Joseph
Summary: Distinguishing between grade 3 pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (G3 PanNET) and neuroendocrine carcinoma (PanNEC) is a known diagnostic challenge. In this study, 47 high-grade neoplasms were reviewed, and molecular profiling was performed to improve diagnostic accuracy. The study found that molecular profiling and immunohistochemistry greatly improved the classification of high-grade pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms. Rating: 8/10.
Article
Oncology
Ophelie De Rycke, Thomas Walter, Marine Perrier, Olivia Hentic, Catherine Lombard-Bohas, Romain Coriat, Guillaume Cadiot, Anne Couvelard, Philippe Ruszniewski, Jerome Cros, Louis de Mestier
Summary: The study found that a pause followed by ALK rechallenge after the initial efficacy of ALK treatment may help prolong tumor control, improve quality of life, and limit long-term adverse events. The low efficacy of ALK rechallenge may be explained by increased MGMT expression under ALK.
ENDOCRINE-RELATED CANCER
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Yoshihide Nanno, Hirochika Toyama, Eisuke Ueshima, Keitaro Sofue, Ippei Matsumoto, Jun Ishida, Takeshi Urade, Kenji Fukushima, Hidetoshi Gon, Daisuke Tsugawa, Shohei Komatsu, Kaori Kuramitsu, Tadahiro Goto, Sadaki Asari, Hiroaki Yanagimoto, Masahiro Kido, Tetsuo Ajiki, Takumi Fukumoto
Summary: This study reviewed 48 transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) procedures performed on 11 patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PanNEN) liver metastases, including 16 TACE procedures for 3 patients with a history of biliary-enteric anastomosis. The overall tumor objective response rate was 94%. The incidence of significant complications and time to untreatable progression were evaluated in patients with and without a history of biliary-enteric anastomosis.
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Mojun Zhu, Henan Zhang, Katrina S. Pedersen, Nathan R. Foster, Brandy L. Jaszewski, Xin Liu, Jacob B. Hirdler, Zesheng An, Tanios S. Bekaii-Saab, Thorvardur R. Halfdanarson, Patrick M. Boland, Yiyi Yan, Joleen H. Hubbard, Wen Wee Ma, Harry H. Yoon, Alexander Revzin, Martin E. Fernandez-Zapico, Michael J. Overman, Robert R. McWilliams, Haidong Dong
Summary: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown promise as a novel class of anticancer therapy, but their clinical efficacy is limited to certain tumor types. This study aimed to understand the treatment response to an ICI targeting programmed death-1 in patients with small bowel adenocarcinoma. The findings suggest that the frequency and cytolytic capacity of circulating immune cells may differentiate clinical response to ICIs, providing a basis for immune monitoring using patient peripheral blood.
Review
Oncology
Ioannis A. Ziogas, Panagiotis T. Tasoudis, Luis C. Borbon, Scott K. Sherman, Patrick J. Breheny, Chandrikha Chandrasekharan, Joseph S. Dillon, Andrew M. Bellizzi, James R. Howe
Summary: Surgical management may offer a potential survival benefit for G3 gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP NENs), but further research is needed to determine which patients will benefit most from surgery.
ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Ioannis A. Ziogas, Joseph S. Dillon, Chandrikha Chandrasekharan, James R. Howe
ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Ziad Bakouny, Chris Labaki, Punita Grover, Joy Awosika, Shuchi Gulati, Chih-Yuan Hsu, Saif Alimohamed, Babar Bashir, Stephanie Berg, Mehmet A. Bilen, Daniel Bowles, Cecilia Castellano, Aakash Desai, Arielle Elkrief, Omar E. Eton, Leslie A. Fecher, Daniel Flora, Matthew D. Galsky, Margaret E. Gatti-Mays, Alicia Gesenhues, Michael J. Glover, Dharmesh Gopalakrishnan, Shilpa Gupta, Thorvardur R. Halfdanarson, Brandon Hayes-Lattin, Mohamed Hendawi, Emily Hsu, Clara Hwang, Roman Jandarov, Chinmay Jani, Douglas B. Johnson, Monika Joshi, Hina Khan, Shaheer A. Khan, Natalie Knox, Vadim S. Koshkin, Amit A. Kulkarni, Daniel H. Kwon, Sara Matar, Rana R. McKay, Sanjay Mishra, Feras A. Moria, Amanda Nizam, Nora L. Nock, Taylor K. Nonato, Justin Panasci, Lauren Pomerantz, Andrew J. Portuguese, Destie Provenzano, Matthew Puc, Yuan J. Rao, Terence D. Rhodes, Gregory J. Riely, Jacob J. Ripp, Andrea Rivera, Erika Ruiz-Garcia, Andrew L. Schmidt, Adam J. Schoenfeld, Gary K. Schwartz, Sumit A. Shah, Justin Shaya, Suki Subbiah, Lisa M. Tachiki, Matthew D. Tucker, Melissa Valdez-Reyes, Lisa B. Weissmann, Michael T. Wotman, Elizabeth M. Wulff-Burchfield, Zhuoer Xie, Yuanchu James Yang, Michael A. Thompson, Dimpy P. Shah, Jeremy L. Warner, Yu Shyr, Toni K. Choueiri, Trisha M. Wise-Draper
Summary: This cohort study found that systemic anticancer therapies, especially IO, in the context of baseline immunosuppression, were associated with severe clinical outcomes and the development of cytokine storm in patients with cancer and COVID-19.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Ioannis A. Ziogas, Panagiotis T. Tasoudis, Luis C. Borbon, Scott K. Sherman, Patrick J. Breheny, Chandrikha Chandrasekharan, Joseph S. Dillon, Andrew M. Bellizzi, James R. Howe
ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Jennifer R. Eads, Thorvardur R. Halfdanarson, Tim Asmis, Andrew M. Bellizzi, Emily K. Bergsland, Arvind Dasari, Ghassan El-Haddad, Michael Frumovitz, Joshua Meyer, Erik Mittra, Sten Myrehaug, Eric Nakakura, Nitya Raj, Heloisa P. Soares, Brian Untch, Namrata Vijayvergia, Jennifer A. Chan
Summary: High-grade neuroendocrine neoplasms, accounting for 10% of all neuroendocrine neoplasms, are rare. Due to limited data, best practices for managing these patients are largely based on expert opinion. A panel of experts from the North American Neuroendocrine Tumor Society developed recommendations and a treatment algorithm to provide guidance for managing patients with high-grade neuroendocrine neoplasms. The consensus recommendations cover pathology, imaging practices, management of localized and metastatic disease, surveillance, and distinguish approaches for well-differentiated G3 neuroendocrine tumors and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas.
ENDOCRINE-RELATED CANCER
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Boris G. Naraev, Josh Mailman, Thorvardur R. Halfdanarson, Heloisa P. Soares, Erik S. Mittra, Julie Hallet
Summary: Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) are a group of complex and heterogeneous malignancies that arise from neuroendocrine tissue in the gastrointestinal tract or pancreas. Most patients with advanced GEP-NETs experience a significant and persistent symptom burden that affects their quality of life (QoL). Addressing individual symptoms through appropriate treatment selection may improve QoL.
EXPERT REVIEW OF ANTICANCER THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jennifer J. Gile, Patrick W. McGarrah, Konstantinos Leventakos, Mohamad B. Sonbol, Jason S. Starr, Rachel A. Eiring, Timothy J. Hobday, Thorvardur R. Halfdanarson
Summary: Poorly differentiated extrapulmonary neuroendocrine carcinomas (EP NECs) are aggressive cancers. EP NECs are typically treated with platinum-based regimens, and some clinicians have added a checkpoint inhibitor (CPI) to the treatment based on data from trials in patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung. However, a retrospective study did not find any additional benefit of adding CPI to the standard chemotherapy in EP NECs.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Denise A. Gococo-Benore, Justin Kuhlman, Ephraim E. Parent, Akash Sharma, Joseph Accurso, Ming Yang, Ayse Tuba Kendi, Geoff Johnson, Mohamad Bassam Sonbol, Timothy Hobday, Thorvardur R. Halfdanarson, Jason Starr
Summary: The aim of this study was to assess the risk of liver toxicity in patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors undergoing peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) with a very high liver tumor burden. The results showed that only one out of fifteen patients with more than 75% liver involvement experienced liver function deterioration, with no clinical signs of liver failure. Therefore, PRRT may be considered a safe option for patients with extensive liver involvement.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Mohammed O. Suraju, Anthony Snow, Apoorve Nayyar, Jeremy Chang, Scott K. Sherman, Hisakazu Hoshi, James R. Howe, Carlos H. F. Chan
Summary: This study reviewed the prevalence, risk factors, and prognosis of peritoneal metastases (PMs) following resection of pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) using the institution's experience and published literature. The study found that PMs are rare but may be more common in patients with invasive histology. Noninvasive IPMNs can also give rise to PMs. Further research is needed to understand the pathophysiology and risk factors of PM following IPMN resection and reinforce adherence to guidelines recommending long-term surveillance.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Shannon Fortin Ensign, Muskan Agarwal, Molly Klanderman, Mohamed Badawy, Thorvardur R. Halfdanarson, Derek R. Johnson, Mohamad Bassam Sonbol, Ayse T. Kendi
Summary: Ga-68-DOTATATE PET imaging can accurately differentiate CNS lesions, particularly meningiomas. Increased avidity on PET scans is more indicative of meningiomas, while low SUV cases may have more varied predictions.
NUCLEAR MEDICINE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Albert Jang, Ayse T. Kendi, Geoffrey B. Johnson, Thorvardur R. Halfdanarson, Oliver Sartor
Summary: Radiopharmaceuticals are rapidly developing as a field, with targeted beta and alpha emitters being investigated for oncologic indications. Clinical trials are currently underway for conjugated/chelated alpha emitters, with multiple diseases being targeted in phase I trials and a phase III trial in neuroendocrine cancers. Challenges remain in terms of supply chains, understanding administered dose and absorbed dose relationships, and potential long-term effects of alpha emitters.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Chi Zhang, Hallbera Gudmundsdottir, Hiroaki Takahashi, Courtney Day, Amy Glasgow, Nabil Wasif, Patrick Starlinger, Susanne Warner, Travis Grotz, Rory Smoot, Mark Truty, Sean Cleary, Michael Kendrick, David Nagorney, Patrick Navin, Thorvardur R. Halfdanarson, Cornelius Thiels
Summary: The accuracy of preoperative gallium-68 DOTA-Tyr3-octreotate (DOTATATE) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in estimating multifocality and nodal metastases of small bowel neuroendocrine tumors (sbNETs) was assessed. The sensitivity and negative predictive value (NPV) of DOTATATE PET imaging were found to be insufficient to guide surgical planning.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Melissa Y. Y. Moey, Cassandra Hennessy, Benjamin French, Jeremy L. Warner, Matthew D. Tucker, Daniel J. Hausrath, Dimpy P. Shah, Jeanne M. DeCara, Ziad Bakouny, Chris Labaki, Toni K. Choueiri, Susan Dent, Nausheen Akhter, Roohi Ismail-Khan, Lisa Tachiki, David Slosky, Tamar S. Polonsky, Joy A. Awosika, Audrey Crago, Trisha Wise-Draper, Nino Balanchivadze, Clara Hwang, Leslie A. Fecher, Cyndi Gonzalez Gomez, Brandon Hayes-Lattin, Michael J. Glover, Sumit A. Shah, Dharmesh Gopalakrishnan, Elizabeth A. Griffiths, Daniel H. Kwon, Vadim S. Koshkin, Sana Mahmood, Babar Bashir, Taylor Nonato, Pedram Razavi, Rana R. McKay, Gayathri Nagaraj, Eric Oligino, Matthew Puc, Polina Tregubenko, Elizabeth M. Wulff-Burchfield, Zhuoer Xie, Thorvardur R. Halfdanarson, Dimitrios Farmakiotis, Elizabeth J. Klein, Elizabeth V. Robilotti, Gregory J. Riely, Jean-Bernard Durand, Salim S. Hayek, Lavanya Kondapalli, Stephanie Berg, Timothy E. O'Connor, Mehmet A. Bilen, Cecilia Castellano, Melissa K. Accordino, Blau Sibel, Lisa B. Weissmann, Chinmay Jani, Daniel B. Flora, Lawrence Rudski, Miriam Santos Dutra, Bouganim Nathaniel, Erika Ruiz-Garcia, Diana Vilar-Compte, Shilpa Gupta, Alicia Morgans, Anju Nohria
Summary: This retrospective cohort study found that cancer patients with co-morbid cardiovascular disease/risk factors had higher COVID-19 severity and were more likely to experience adverse cardiovascular events. The association between co-morbid cardiovascular disease/risk factors and COVID-19 severity was stronger in patients not receiving active cancer therapy.
TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Oncology
Thorvardur R. Halfdanarson, Travis E. Grotz, Hallbera Gudmundsdottir, Sean P. Cleary
