A review of risk analysis methods for natural disasters

Between 1998 and 2017, 1.3 million people were killed and another 4.4 billion were left injured, homeless, displaced, or in need of emergency assistance due to climate-related and geophysical disasters. A risk analysis of natural disasters is helpful not only for disaster prevention and reduction, but also in reducing economic and social losses. Currently, there are many methods for natural disaster risk analysis. Based on the uncertainty, unfavorable and future characteristics of natural disaster risk, this paper summarizes the methods for disaster risk analysis based on the scope of application, research results, and focus; it also clarifies the advantages and disadvantages of various methods, as well as the scope of application, to provide a reference for selecting and optimizing methods for future disaster risk analysis.