Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Peng Chen, Dan Wang, Zongsheng Gan
Summary: This paper proposes a miniaturized textile microstrip antenna for wireless body area networks (WBAN), which uses a denim substrate to reduce surface wave losses. The monopole antenna, consisting of a modified circular radiation patch and an asymmetric defected ground structure, expands impedance bandwidth and improves radiation patterns. The antenna has a small size of 20 x 30 x 1.4 mm(3) and an impedance bandwidth of 110% (2.85-9.81 GHz). The proposed antenna shows a peak gain of 3.28 dBi at 6 GHz and meets the FCC guideline for SAR values at 4/6/8 GHz frequencies. Compared to typical wearable miniaturized antennas, the proposed antenna reduces size by 62.5% and can be integrated on a peaked cap for indoor positioning systems.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Yan Zheng, Kai Zhang, Juan Chen, Sen Yan
Summary: This paper introduces a compact and low-profile wearable ultra-wideband (UWB) monopole antenna designed for wireless body area networks, wireless local area networks, and UWB applications. By employing reactive and slot loading methods, the antenna size is greatly reduced while maintaining stable performance under different bending conditions. Additionally, the antenna meets the specific absorption rate limitations set by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute, making it suitable for wearable applications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RF AND MICROWAVE COMPUTER-AIDED ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Saurabh Singh, Sudhanshu Verma
Summary: A compact wideband circularly polarized bowtie slot antenna for WBAN applications is proposed, featuring a wide bowtie shaped slot in the ground plane and dual orthogonal modes for a wide ARBW. The antenna is experimentally verified on human body with low SAR value and measured gain of 4.1 dBi at 5.8 GHz, showing good performance.
AEU-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Aiting Wu, Mingyang Zhao, Pengquan Zhang, Zhonghai Zhang
Summary: This paper presents a compact four-port MIMO antenna for ultrawideband applications. The antenna has a small size and a wide bandwidth, making it a promising candidate for UWB applications.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Seungyong Park, Kyung-Young Jung
Summary: This paper presents a novel compact UWB planar monopole antenna designed for precise indoor positioning system. The antenna operates in the frequency range of 3.1 GHz to 10.8 GHz and exhibits wide bandwidth and omnidirectional radiation patterns. The proposed design meets the requirements for integration with printed circuit boards and offers good performance in complex multipath environments.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Jingchang Nan, Jiuyang Zhao, Mingming Gao, Wendong Yang, Minghuan Wang, Huan Xie
Summary: The proposed compact 8-states frequency reconfigurable ultra-wideband monopole antenna meets the requirements of anti-interference and multifunctionality. It can work in 8 states and has stable gain, good omnidirectional radiation performance, and can freely switch between UWB mode and each notch band mode.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Rasoul Samadianfard, Javad Nourinia, Changiz Ghobadi, Majid Shokri, Roghayeh Samadianfard
Summary: This article discusses the research, design, fabrication, and measurement of an ultra-thin ultra-wideband (UWB) microstrip antenna. The compact and optimized design of the antenna allows for applications in microwave imaging and wearable devices. Innovation has been used to improve the efficiency and performance of the antenna by considering factors such as the feed structure, geometry, modifications in the slots, and the use of an ultra-thin dielectric substrate. The proposed antenna's compactness and ultra-thin design make it suitable for reducing complexity and achieving a degree of body fit in physical arrays, making it ideal for healthcare and sports performance monitoring.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Syed Naheel Raza Rizvi, Wahaj Abbas Awan, Domin Choi, Niamat Hussain, Seong Gyoon Park, Nam Kim
Summary: This paper presents an ultra-wideband antenna with WLAN notch band, which is compact, geometrically simple, and high-gain. The antenna is printed on a Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 substrate with dimensions of 10 mm x 15 mm x 0.254 mm. By loading a Y-shaped radiator, the bandwidth of the proposed antenna is further enhanced. Additionally, a rectangular stub is loaded in the structure to mitigate the WLAN band. A hardware prototype is built to verify the simulated results.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Han Lin, Zhongyuan Lu, Zhonggen Wang, Weidong Mu
Summary: This article introduces an ultra-wideband (UWB) monopole antenna with triple band notch characteristics. The antenna design includes an octagonal patch, L-shaped stub, inverted C-shaped slot, and a pair of U-shaped resonating structures to achieve three band notches at specific frequency ranges. The antenna has been fabricated and measured, and its functional parameters have been studied, showing good interference rejection performance.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Amine Mokraoui, Merouane Khodja
Summary: Low-profile coplanar waveguide antennas were designed considering body-centric communications requirements. A finite difference in time-domain-based programme was developed to account for dispersion in human tissues and antenna dielectric substrates. Two approaches were investigated, resulting in on-body suitable antennas with optimized bandwidth and ultrawideband antennas with minimized size for both on-body and off-body applications. Prototypes were built to validate the designs and the measured and simulated results showed coherence in return loss and radiation patterns. Based on the consulted bibliography, the smallest low-cost and low-profile omnidirectional wearable antenna was made, covering the entire UWB frequencies without special coaxial connectors or expensive dielectric substrates.
IET MICROWAVES ANTENNAS & PROPAGATION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Mohamed Atef Abbas, Abdelmegid Allam, Abdelhamid Gaafar, Hadia M. Elhennawy, Mohamed Fathy Abo Sree
Summary: This paper introduces a printed multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna that is compact in size, has good MIMO diversity performance, and a simple geometry for 5G millimeter-wave applications. The antenna operates in the Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) from 25 to 50 GHz, using Defective Ground Structure (DGS) technology. The compact size makes it suitable for integrating different telecommunication devices for various applications, and positioning the antenna elements orthogonally to each other enhances their diversity performance.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Bazil Taha Ahmed, Ivan Fernandez Rodriguez
Summary: In this study, two versions of UWB MIMO antennas were designed and fabricated, showing good performance over a wide frequency range, with high isolation and stable characteristics.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Tarannum Pathan, Rajneesh Karn
Summary: This paper presents a compact textile antenna with circular polarization for Industrial, Scientific, and Medical applications, utilizing metamaterial-inspired radiating elements to achieve significant size reduction and enhanced antenna bandwidth. The antenna demonstrates a measured bandwidth of 5.8% and an axial ratio bandwidth of 80 MHz, with perfect matching observed between measured and simulated results.
MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Thennarasi Govindan, Sandeep Kumar Palaniswamy, Malathi Kanagasabai, Sachin Kumar, Mohammed Gulam Nabi Alsath
Summary: This paper presents the design and analysis of a MIMO textile antenna for WBAN applications, which consists of four modified rhombus-shaped monopole antenna elements backed by a frequency selective surface (FSS). The antenna has an impedance bandwidth of 8.8 GHz and isolation of >19 dB. Bending analysis shows good flexibility of the antenna. With the FSS, the antenna gain is increased and the SAR is reduced significantly, making it suitable for smart textile applications.
FLEXIBLE AND PRINTED ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Zhengrui He, Jie Jin
Summary: This paper proposes a compact and highly isolated four-port ultra-wideband MIMO antenna, which achieves broadband characteristics through etching a metamaterial structure and designing coplanar waveguide feeds. The designed MIMO antenna exhibits good radiation properties and gain, while improving isolation through polarization diversity technology.
Article
Telecommunications
Neha Arora, Sindhu Hak Gupta, Basant Kumar
Summary: Wireless Body Area Networks (WBAN) have the potential to improve healthcare by enabling real-time communication for emergency situations. Analyzing performance over different frequency bands can maximize the benefits of WBAN and improve network capabilities. Through cooperative communication and optimization techniques, WBAN systems can enhance performance and effectiveness at various frequency bands.
WIRELESS PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Telecommunications
Aksha Mushtaq, Asmita Rajawat, Sindhu Hak Gupta
Summary: The proposed array antenna operates in the LoRa band and has successfully improved the performance parameters such as gain and beam steering through optimization of dimensions and design. Cutting slots on the antenna and ground plane further enhanced the antenna performance.
WIRELESS PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
P. Uday Ashish, Sindhu Hak Gupta
Summary: This paper suggests using artificial neural networks (ANNs) to design and optimize antennas for WBAN applications. By selecting different substrates and training a dataset of samples, the design parameters for an optimized antenna are obtained, improving the antenna's performance.
APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Optics
Sindhu Hak Gupta, Sakshi Goel, Mohit Kumar, Asmita Rajawat, Bhupendra Singh
Summary: This study focuses on using a microstrip patch antenna to detect lung cancer by observing changes in antenna parameters on healthy and cancerous lung phantoms. The dataset created was classified using a Random Forest machine learning algorithm with an accuracy of 93.75% to differentiate between healthy and cancerous lungs.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jasleen Kaur, Sanmukh Kaur, Aanchal Sharma, Angela Amphawan
Summary: Free Space Optics (FSO) is a widely used technology that helps improve communication access in various environments. This study evaluates the performance of FSO systems by analyzing rainfall rates and investigates two rain attenuation models.
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Devica Verma, Harshit Saraf, Sindhu Hak Gupta
Summary: The number of subscribers is increasing, leading to increased load on the network and degradation of service quality. Operators face the challenge of adapting to these changes without deploying new hardware. This study aims to predict uplink and downlink throughput using machine learning algorithms, achieving high accuracy rates of 96.17% and 96.10% with SVM.
MOBILE NETWORKS & APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Gagandeep Kaur, Sindhu Hak Gupta, Harleen Kaur
Summary: This paper proposes a dual-hop LoRa technology incorporating cooperative communication and demonstrates its better network performance compared to traditional single-hop LoRa technology through critical comparative analysis. Furthermore, the performance of LoRa nodes is further enhanced using the whale optimization algorithm (WOA).
CLUSTER COMPUTING-THE JOURNAL OF NETWORKS SOFTWARE TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Telecommunications
Gagandeep Kaur, Sindhu Hak Gupta, Harleen Kaur
Summary: This study analyzes and optimizes the performance of the LoRa network in terms of time on air (TOA), received power, and received signal strength indicator (RSSI) over the IN865-867 channel plan. A mathematical model is formulated to evaluate the dependence of TOA, received power, and RSSI on transmission parameters. Using artificial neural network simulation, the TOA, received power, and RSSI are further optimized and show significant improvement.
WIRELESS PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Syed Ariz Manzar, Shilpi Verma, Sindhu Hak Gupta
Summary: This paper analyzed the energy consumption of NB-IoT system in the reception of downlink packets and optimized it using particle swarm optimization. The results showed a decrease of 84.98% and 61.07% in energy consumption, leading to an overall improvement in energy efficiency.
SUSTAINABLE COMPUTING-INFORMATICS & SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Saniya Parveez, Sindhu Hak Gupta, Asmita Rajawat
Summary: Tiny devices implanted in a living body, forming an In Vivo network and communicating wirelessly, have opened up revolutionary possibilities in healthcare by integrating with the Internet of Things (IoT). To improve the reliability and speed of In Vivo networks, a more sophisticated communication link is required, and the Terahertz (THz) band appears promising due to its large available bandwidth and non-ionizing effect. However, the challenge for THz band In Vivo networks is the absorption and dispersion losses experienced by signals transmitted in this band, which reduces the channel capacity. This study investigates the effect of pathloss on In Vivo channels for different mediums, such as skin, water, whole blood, plasma, and red blood cells (RBCs), and calculates their impact on channel capacity. The simulation results show that RBCs have the lowest channel capacity compared to water, whole blood, and skin. The optimum value of channel capacity is then computed and compared for Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) using optimization techniques.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Aanchal Sharma, Rahul Gautam, Jaspal Singh
Summary: The Covid-19 pandemic has had a tremendous impact on the world, with over 220 million cases and 4.56 million deaths confirmed as of September 2021. Although over 5.3 billion vaccine doses have been administered, many people are still not fully vaccinated. To reduce the spread of the virus, the use of masks is recommended, and a Face Mask Detection system is needed to determine if a person is wearing a mask. This study aims to review the research, datasets, techniques, performances, limitations, and improvements related to Face Mask Detection in the context of Covid-19.
MULTIMEDIA TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Sanmukh Kaur, Jasleen Kaur, Aanchal Sharma
Summary: The efficiency and reliability of radio over free space optical communication can be affected by different weather conditions, leading to changes in signal to noise ratio (SNR) and bit error rate (BER) of the recovered signal. This study investigated a terrestrial radio over free space optics (RoFSO) system with different modulation schemes under rain, haze, and clear weather conditions. Machine learning techniques were used to estimate the system performance, with input features including atmospheric attenuation and internal system parameters, and the modelling targets being the BER and SNR of the received signal. The best performing model was found to be an artificial neural network (ANN) approach, with lower RMSE values for SNR and BER, and higher R2 values for predicting the data sets.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Sanmukh Kaur, Shiv Kumar Singh, Aanchal Sharma
Summary: This study examines a radio over free-space optical communication (Ro-FSO) link using quadrature amplitude modulation (64-QAM) based orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) in a turbulence channel. The performance of the system is investigated under different weather conditions: clear air, rain, and fog, considering log normal and gamma-gamma atmospheric scintillation models. Artificial neural network (ANN), k-nearest neighbour (KNN), and decision tree (DT) machine learning techniques are used to estimate the quality of the received signal in terms of bit error rate (BER). The ANN model shows the highest R-squared (R-2) value of 0.9967 and the lowest root mean square error (RMSE) value of 0.0134, indicating the best fit model.
Article
Telecommunications
Hafsa Rafiqi, Garima Mahendru, Sindhu Hak Gupta
Summary: The internet of things (IoT) has transformed the physical world into an advanced system of interconnected devices. Cognitive radio technology is seen as a solution to the spectrum crunch problem faced by IoT devices. This paper explores the use of spectrum sensing in the LoRaWAN network to improve spectrum utilization. The study analyzes the impact of sensing time, distance, and signal-to-noise ratio on detection probability for different LoRa bands and confirms the effectiveness of multiple relays in improving performance.
WIRELESS PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hongyu Chen, Gunjan Gupta, Sindhu Hak Gupta
Summary: The study proposes a computer modeling method for active noise control, successfully reducing noise annoyance levels through algorithm optimization and filter design.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Sicheng Jiao, Shixiang Wang, Minge Gao, Min Xu
Summary: This paper presents a non-contact method of thickness measurement for thin-walled rotary shell parts based on a chromatic confocal sensor. The method involves using a flip method to obtain surface profiles from both sides of the workpiece, measuring the decentration and tilt errors of the workpiece using a centering system, establishing a unified reference coordinate system, reconstructing the external and internal surface profiles, and calculating the thickness. Experimental results show that the method can accurately measure the thickness of a sapphire spherical shell workpiece and is consistent with measurements of other materials.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Rajeev Kumar, Sajal Agarwal, Sarika Pal, Alka Verma, Yogendra Kumar Prajapati
Summary: This study evaluated the performance of a CaF2-Ag-MXene-based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor at different wavelengths. The results showed that the sensor achieved the maximum sensitivity at a wavelength of 532 nm, and higher sensitivities were obtained at shorter wavelengths at the expense of detection accuracy.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Attilio Di Nisio, Gregorio Andria, Francesco Adamo, Daniel Lotano, Filippo Attivissimo
Summary: Capacitive sensing is a widely used technique for a variety of applications, including avionics. However, current industry standard Capacitive Level Sensors (CLSs) used in helicopters perform poorly in terms of sensitivity and dynamic characteristics. In this study, novel geometries were explored and three prototypes were built and tested. Experimental validation showed that the new design featuring a helicoidal slit along the external electrode of the cylindrical probe improved sensitivity, response time, and linearity.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Kai Yang, Huiqin Wang, Ke Wang, Fengchen Chen
Summary: This paper proposes an effective measurement method for dynamic compaction construction based on time series model, which enables real-time monitoring and measurement of anomalies and important construction parameters through simulating motion state transformation and running time estimation.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Hui Fu, Qinghua Song, Jixiang Gong, Liping Jiang, Zhanqiang Liu, Qiang Luan, Hongsheng Wang
Summary: An automatic detection and pixel-level quantification model based on joint Mask R-CNN and TransUNet is developed to accurately evaluate microcrack damage on the grinding surfaces of engineering ceramics. The model is effectively trained on actual micrograph image dataset using a joint training strategy. The proposed model achieves reliable automatic detection and fine segmentation of microcracks, and a skeleton-based quantification model is also proposed to provide comprehensive and precise measurements of microcrack size.
Review
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Sang Yeob Kim, Da Yun Kwon, Arum Jang, Young K. Ju, Jong-Sub Lee, Seungkwan Hong
Summary: This paper reviews the categorization and applications of UAV sensors in forensic engineering, with a focus on geotechnical, structural, and water infrastructure fields. It discusses the advantages and disadvantages of sensors with different wavelengths and addresses the challenges of current UAV technology and recommendations for further research in forensic engineering.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Anton Nunez-Seoane, Joaquin Martinez-Sanchez, Erik Rua, Pedro Arias
Summary: This article compares the use of Mobile Laser Scanners (MLS) and Aerial Laser Scanners (ALS) for digitizing the road environment and detecting road slopes. The study found that ALS data and its corresponding algorithm achieved better detection and delimitation results compared to MLS. Measuring the road from a terrestrial perspective negatively impacted the detection process, while an aerial perspective allowed for scanning of the entire slope structure.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Nur Luqman Saleh, Aduwati Sali, Raja Syamsul Azmir Raja Abdullah, Sharifah M. Syed Ahmad, Jiun Terng Liew, Fazirulhisyam Hashim, Fairuz Abdullah, Nur Emileen Abdul Rashid
Summary: This study introduces an enhanced signal processing scheme for detecting mouth-click signals used by blind individuals. By utilizing additional band-pass filtering and other steps, the detection accuracy is improved. Experimental results using artificial signal data showed a 100% success rate in detecting obstacles. The emerging concepts in this research are expected to benefit radar and sonar system applications.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Jiqiang Tang, Shengjie Qiu, Lu Zhang, Jinji Sun, Xinxiu Zhou
Summary: This paper studies the magnetic noise level of a compact high-performance magnetically shielded room (MSR) under different operational conditions and establishes a quantitative model for magnetic noise calculation. Verification experiments show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Review
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Krzysztof Bartnik, Marcin Koba, Mateusz Smietana
Summary: The demand for miniaturized sensors in the biomedical industry is increasing, and optical fiber sensors (OFSs) are gaining popularity due to their small size, flexibility, and biocompatibility. This study reviews various OFS designs tested in vivo and identifies future perspectives and challenges for OFS technology development from a user perspective.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Yue Wang, Lei Zhou, Zihao Li, Jun Wang, Xuangou Wu, Xiangjun Wang, Lei Hu
Summary: This paper presents a 3-D reconstruction method for dynamic stereo vision of metal surface based on line structured light, overcoming the limitation of the measurement range of static stereo vision. The proposed method uses joint calibration and global optimization to accurately reconstruct the 3-D coordinates of the line structured light fringe, improving the reconstruction accuracy.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Jaafar Alsalaet
Summary: Order tracking analysis is an effective tool for machinery fault diagnosis and operational modal analysis. This study presents a new formulation for the data equation of the second-generation Vold-Kalman filter, using separated cosine and sine kernels to minimize error and provide smoother envelopes. The proposed method achieves high accuracy even with small weighting factors.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Tonglei Cao, Kechen Song, Likun Xu, Hu Feng, Yunhui Yan, Jingbo Guo
Summary: This study constructs a high-resolution dataset for surface defects in ceramic tiles and addresses the scale and quantity differences in defect distribution. An improved approach is proposed by introducing a content-aware feature recombination method and a dynamic attention mechanism. Experimental results demonstrate the superior accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Qinghong Fu, Yunxi Lou, Jianghui Deng, Xin Qiu, Xianhua Chen
Summary: Measurement and quantitative characterization of aging-induced gradient properties is crucial for accurate analysis and design of asphalt pavement. This research proposes the composite specimen method to obtain asphalt binders at different depths within the mixture and uses dynamic shear rheometer tests to measure aging-induced gradient properties and reveal internal mechanisms. G* master curves are constructed to investigate gradient aging effects in a wide range. The study finds that the composite specimen method can effectively restore the boundary conditions and that it is feasible to study gradient aging characteristics within the asphalt mixture. The study also observes variations in G* and delta values and the depth range of gradient aging effects for different aging levels.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Min Li, Kai Wei, Tianhe Xu, Yali Shi, Dixing Wang
Summary: Due to the limitations of ground monitoring stations in China for the BDS, the accuracy of BDS Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) satellite orbits can be influenced. To overcome this, low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites can be used as additional monitoring stations. In this study, data from two LEO satellites were collected to improve the precise orbit determination of the BDS. By comparing the results with GPS and BDS-2/3 solutions, it was found that including the LEO satellites significantly improved the accuracy of GPS and BDS-2/3 orbits.