Article
Clinical Neurology
Madhav Thambisetty, Robert Howard
Summary: The phase III Clarity AD clinical trial found that the amyloid-targeting antibody, lecanemab, has a slight clinical benefit for individuals with Alzheimer's disease. However, there are still uncertainties about the actual clinical relevance, safety, and accessibility of lecanemab in this patient population.
NATURE REVIEWS NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Faroogh Marofi, Heshu Sulaiman Rahman, Lakshmi Thangavelu, Aleksey Dorofeev, Favian Bayas-Morejon, Naghmeh Shirafkan, Navid Shomali, Max Stanley Chartrand, Mostafa Jarahian, Ghasem Vahedi, Rebar N. Mohammed, Somayeh Shahrokh, Morteza Akbari, Farhad Motavalli Khiavi
Summary: CAR-T cell immunotherapy has shown promising therapeutic results in treating cancers and infectious diseases, but it also brings some considerable drawbacks, leading to the exploration of utilizing NK cells as an alternative source of immune effector cells for CAR-engineering.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xue Bai, Meng Zhang
Summary: Research has shown that traditional Chinese medicine has a clinical impact on vascular dementia, improving patients' cognitive function and quality of life. The pharmacological mechanisms of TCM for VD treatment include targeting the kidneys, eliminating turbidity, and promoting blood circulation, indicating promising prospects.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Vladimir Hachinski
Summary: Dante Alighieri, the author of The Divine Comedy, had his guide Virgil, who accompanied him on a journey through hell, purgatory, and heaven. As neurologists, we also have our own guides in the form of mentors, colleagues, and students, but the guidance from poets is different.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Francesca Gizzi, Joao Gama Monteiro, Rodrigo Silva, Susanne Schaefer, Nuno Castro, Silvia Almeida, Sahar Chebaane, Alejandro Bernal-Ibanez, Filipe Henriques, Ignacio Gestoso, Joao Canning-Clode
Summary: The grazing of sea urchins has led to the loss of macroalgal habitats, with a reduction in sea urchin density being necessary for the recovery of macroalgal forests. The 2018 disease outbreak in Madeira Island triggered a shift from barren grounds to a macroalgae-dominated state.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alessandro Fania, Alfonso Monaco, Nicola Amoroso, Loredana Bellantuono, Roberto Cazzolla Gatti, Najada Firza, Antonio Lacalamita, Ester Pantaleo, Sabina Tangaro, Alena Velichevskaya, Roberto Bellotti
Summary: Dementia is a growing global public health priority, especially in Italy, where the number of elderly people is projected to increase significantly in the coming years. A dataset on mortality rates of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) in Italy over an 8-year period has been presented, which provides valuable information for health monitoring and research on new treatments and early diagnosis of dementia.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Deepika Sharma, Shreya Jaiswal, Gurjot Kaur
Summary: Microplastic pollution has become a significant environmental issue, with detrimental effects on marine organisms and humans. However, there is a lack of comprehensive literature on the study and future trends of microplastics in aquatic ecosystems. This scientometric study analyzes the literature between 2011 and 2019, revealing the increasing importance of microplastics and the role of major funding agencies. Chinese researchers affiliated with the Chinese Academy of Sciences dominate the field, while publications from the UK have shown a recent surge. The journal Environmental Pollution is a notable platform for research on microplastics, and collaboration between China and the US is prominent in this area.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Anthony D. Ong, Zhiheng Liu, Dakota W. Cintron
Summary: Twenty years after the introduction of hope theory, research on hope has expanded in multiple directions, including various aspects of personal and social life. However, the question of whether hope contributes to resilience remains unresolved, and key challenges in conceptualization, measurement, research design, and modeling methods persist. Future research should address these challenges to further understand the role of hope in well-being.
CURRENT OPINION IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Carl R. May, Bianca Albers, Mike Bracher, Tracy L. Finch, Anthony Gilbert, Melissa Girling, Kathryn Greenwood, Anne MacFarlane, Frances S. Mair, Christine M. May, Elizabeth Murray, Sebastian Potthoff, Tim Rapley
Summary: The study aims to develop a coding manual for Normalisation Process Theory (NPT) in order to provide guidance and assistance for qualitative researchers in the process of data analysis. Through analyzing and organizing relevant literature and theories of NPT, the research team developed a coding manual that consists of 12 primary NPT constructs and aligns with the configuration of realist evaluation studies. The manual consolidates multiple stages of theory development, simplifies the use of NPT, and forms a core framework for implementation research and evaluation.
IMPLEMENTATION SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Min-Jee Kang, Hye-Yeong Chun
Summary: The unexpected easterly winds in the downward-propagating westerly quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) phase in January 2020 marked the second QBO disruption in history, occurring 4 years after the first disruption in 2015/16. Equatorial waves and small-scale convective gravity waves were found to play key roles in the 2019/20 QBO disruption, with different wave forcings contributing at various stages. Increased convectively coupled equatorial wave activities and barotropic instability at QBO edges were identified as factors inducing QBO disruption in both 2015/16 and 2019/20 cases, with Rossby waves and mixed Rossby-gravity waves considered crucial in this process.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jie Wu, Wei Deng, Shumin Li, Xiuhong Yang
Summary: The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has caused the global spread of COVID-19, with ACE2 receptor believed to mediate virus entry. Recent studies focus on ACE2 expression changes and virus transmission, shedding light on the pathogenesis of COVID-19.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Annelies E. Veldwijk-Rouwenhorst, Sytse U. Zuidema, Martin Smalbrugge, Anke Persoon, Raymond T. C. M. Koopmans, Debby L. Gerritsen
Summary: This study explores situations of extreme challenging behavior in nursing home residents with dementia and provides targets for improving care, treatment, and interdisciplinary collaboration.
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
C. Aiswarya, V. Arvind, Saket Saurabh
Summary: The deep connections between logic and automata theory have been extensively applied in formal specification and verification of systems. Recent research has focused on the extensibility of these techniques to infinite-state systems, leading to the development of theories of transformations and applications in various domains such as timed, recursive, concurrent, and probabilistic systems. Logic has also been a foundation for foundational research, resulting in computational perspectives on classical model theory and advancements in various areas such as Skolem Lowenheim theorems, Boolean and Skolem function synthesis, and decidable fragments of first-order modal logics.
COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Michele Carbone, John Lednicky, Shu-Yuan Xiao, Mario Venditti, Enrico Bucci
Summary: SARS-CoV-2 mainly spreads through aerosols in enclosed environments, with 30% of infected individuals developing COVID-19 and about 25% requiring hospitalization. People over 65, with obesity, diabetes, asthma, or immunosuppression are at higher risk of hospitalization and death from COVID-19. Disinformation has led to only about 50% of Americans planning to receive a COVID-19 vaccine.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Anders Wimo, Katrin Seeher, Rodrigo Cataldi, Eva Cyhlarova, Joseph L. Dielemann, Oskar Frisell, Maelenn Guerchet, Linus Jonsson, Angeladine Kenne Malaha, Emma Nichols, Paola Pedroza, Martin Prince, Martin Knapp, Tarun Dua
Summary: Dementia is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. A global cost model was constructed to estimate the total societal costs of dementia, including direct and indirect economic costs. In 2019, the annual global societal costs of dementia were estimated to be $1313.4 billion, with the highest costs seen in high-income countries.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)