Review
Microbiology
Romney Humphries, April M. Bobenchik, Janet A. Hindler, Audrey N. Schuetz
Summary: This article discusses the updates to the 31st edition of the Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (M100) by the CLSI Subcommittee on AST, including new and revised breakpoints for various antibiotics, changes to testing recommendations, and updates to test methods. The article describes new MIC and disk diffusion breakpoints, revised breakpoints for select bacteria, and clarifications on specific antimicrobial testing protocols, providing valuable information for antimicrobial susceptibility testing in clinical settings.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Vikas Gupta, Kalvin C. Yu, Jason M. Pogue, Janet A. Watts, Cornelius J. Clancy
Summary: Clinicians often make antimicrobial therapeutic decisions based on laboratory determinations of pathogen susceptibility, but adoption of updated breakpoints can be slow, leading to potential underreporting of antimicrobial resistance. This study compared facility-reported rates of carbapenem nonsusceptibility with rates based on current standards and found that facilities underreported resistant isolates. Delayed adoption of MIC breakpoints may impact epidemiological understanding of resistance and contribute to the spread of resistant pathogens.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Virginia M. Pierce, Amy J. Mathers
Summary: Breakpoints are values used by clinical microbiology laboratories to classify isolates as susceptible or resistant, and their accuracy in predicting treatment success is crucial. CLSI and FDA set breakpoints, and many CLSI breakpoints are recognized by FDA.
JOURNAL OF THE PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Isin Y. Comba, Audrey N. Schuetz, Anisha Misra, Daniel Z. P. Friedman, Ryan Stevens, Robin Patel, Zane D. Lancaster, Aditya Shah
Summary: Elizabethkingia species showed high rates of susceptibility to minocycline and TMP-SMX. Further studies are needed to investigate the clinical implications of species-level differences in antimicrobial susceptibilities in this genus.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Nevio Cimolai
Summary: This review discusses the standardization of antibiotic susceptibility testing for Bordetella pertussis, as well as concerns regarding high-level macrolide resistance. The necessity for consideration of intermediate-susceptible categories is highlighted, and further investigation into possible modifications of standards is encouraged.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Alexander Viloria Winnett, Vinay Srinivasan, Matthew Davis, Tara Vijayan, Daniel Z. Uslan, Omai B. Garner, Annabelle de St Maurice
Summary: The institutional antibiogram is a helpful tool in guiding clinicians in empirical treatment in the absence of antimicrobial susceptibility data. However, differences in criteria used to prepare antimicrobial susceptibility testing reports can impact the resulting nonsusceptibility rates. The inclusion of duplicate isolates by one set of criteria may yield higher nonsusceptibility rates than another set that excludes duplicate isolates, leading to potential misrepresentation of antimicrobial resistance within a population.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
V. P. Lavanyaa, K. M. Harshitha, Gufran Beig, R. Srikanth
Summary: The lockdown caused by the pandemic resulted in minimal emissions of particulate pollutants, allowing for estimation of baseline and background levels in major cities in peninsular India. The baseline levels of PM2.5 and PM10 in these cities were found to be higher than the recommended air quality guidelines. This study provides valuable information for epidemiologists and policymakers to develop better risk management strategies and improve national air quality standards.
Article
Microbiology
Amelia S. Bhatnagar, Maria-Jose Machado, Logan Patterson, Karen Anderson, Rebecca L. Abelman, Allen Bateman, Angela Biggs, Porscha Bumpus-White, Bradley Craft, Mondraya Howard, Stephen P. LaVole, David Lonsway, Sarah Sabour, Annah Schneider, Paula Snippes-Vagnone, Michael Tran, David Torpey, Ann Valley, Christopher A. Elkins, Maria Karlsson, Allison C. Brown
Summary: In 2017, the CDC established the Antimicrobial Resistance Laboratory Network to improve detection of multidrug-resistant organisms. They evaluated a commercial broth microdilution panel and found that increasing the transfer volume can improve the accuracy of antimicrobial susceptibility testing, but also increases the rate of errors.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Sacha Danielle Kuil, Soemeja Hidad, Caroline Schneeberger, Pragya Singh, Paul Rhodes, Menno Douwe de Jong, Caroline Elisabeth Visser
Summary: Bacteria produce VOCs during growth, which can be detected by CSAs. The SpecifAST (R) system enables AST directly from blood cultures, with results available within 3.1 hours of growth detection without subculture steps. In a 12-month study, the system showed 100% and 91% categorical agreement with VITEK (R) 2 for Gram-negatives and Gram-positives, respectively. Further evaluation with a larger sample of bacterial species and antimicrobials is needed.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Rehema Moraa Moirongo, Leslie Mawuli Aglanu, Maike Lamshoeft, Brian Omondi Adero, Solomon Yator, Stephen Anyona, Juergen May, Eva Lorenz, Daniel Eibach
Summary: This study identified key gaps in laboratory information management technology, external quality assurance, and material and equipment among surveyed health facilities in Kenya. Facilities' average scores varied significantly across different assessment areas, and investing in equipment could help upgrade facilities performing cultures to conduct additional antimicrobial susceptibility testing, which is crucial for improving AMR diagnostics and surveillance in the country.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jose Maria Lopez-Pintor, Javier Sanchez-Lopez, Carolina Navarro-San Francisco, Ana Maria Sanchez-Diaz, Elena Loza, Rafael Canton
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a rapid workflow protocol on antimicrobial therapy and clinical outcomes in patients with Gram-negative bacilli-positive blood cultures. The results showed that implementing the rapid workflow protocol significantly reduced the time to intervention on antibiotic treatment and improved the accuracy of treatment.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Dennis Kabantiyok, Moses D. Gyang, Godwin O. Agada, Alice Ogundeji, Daniel Nyam, Uchechi G. Uhiara, Elmina Abiayi, Yakubu Dashe, Sati Ngulukun, Maryam Muhammad, Oyelola A. Adegboye, Theophilus I. Emeto
Summary: Farm animals play a crucial role in ensuring food security and safety. The presence of disease-causing bacteria in these animals is a key indicator of their health and the safety of food products. A study conducted in Nigeria analyzed data from 2018 to 2021 to understand the distribution of bacteria in farm animals and the effectiveness of antibiotic interventions. The findings revealed an increase in the number of isolated bacteria over the years, accompanied by a growing resistance to common antibiotics. Of particular concern is the resistance of Klebsiella spp. to cephalosporins, highlighting the potential threat of antimicrobial resistance in both animals and humans.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Linoj P. Samuel, Glen T. Hansen, Colleen S. Kraft, Bobbi S. Pritt
Summary: Clinical microbiology laboratories are crucial for patient care, facing challenges such as emerging pathogens, evolving technologies, healthcare-acquired infections, antibiotic-resistant organisms, and a lack of appropriately trained laboratory directors.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Priyanka Gaur, Vivek Hada, Rama S. Rath, Aroop Mohanty, Parul Singh, Atul Rukadikar
Summary: This study aims to compare the agreement in antimicrobial susceptibility using CLSI and EUCAST breakpoints. The results showed that there was an increase in the percentage of resistant isolates with most drugs when using EUCAST guidelines.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Abdessalam Cherkaoui, Jacques Schrenzel
Summary: Total laboratory automation (TLA) has a significant impact on improving laboratory efficiency, particularly in enhancing antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Implementing these methods may have a positive impact on clinical outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)