Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yuki Takahashi, Yoshinobu Takakura
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived membrane vesicles composed of a lipid bilayer that contain biological molecules. They function as intercellular communication tools and have potential as therapeutic targets for various diseases. However, an EV-based drug delivery system utilizing their therapeutic properties has not yet been reported.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hee Byung Koh, Hyo Jeong Kim, Shin-Wook Kang, Tae-Hyun Yoo
Summary: Exosome-based drug delivery is a promising field that could revolutionize therapeutic interventions. These small extracellular vesicles have unique properties and can transport bioactive molecules. Despite challenges such as limited isolation methods and low cargo loading efficiency, exosomes have the potential to improve personalized medicine and precision therapy.
Article
Biology
Jill T. Kuwabara, Akitoshi Hara, Sumit Bhutada, Greg S. Gojanovich, Jasmine Chen, Kanani Hokutan, Vikram Shettigar, Anson Y. Lee, Lydia P. DeAngelo, Jack R. Heckl, Julia R. Jahansooz, Dillon K. Tacdol, Mark T. Ziolo, Suneel S. Apte, Michelle D. Tallquist
Summary: Reducing fibroblasts in the heart has a protective effect and can alleviate cardiac fibrosis after injury. The loss of fibroblasts does not significantly alter the quantitative composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) but reduces the distribution and quantity of collagen VI. This study has important implications for the treatment of heart disease.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andres Martinez-Santillan, Jose Gonzalez-Valdez
Summary: This review summarizes the current advances in overcoming the limitations of exosomes in terms of production capacity and therapeutic effects. Strategies for extracting exosomes and exosome-like nanovesicles from novel eukaryotic sources, including animals, plants, and protozoa, are discussed. Additionally, alternative modification methods to enhance the targeting capacity and protection of exosomes are presented. Although these strategies provide potential solutions, there are still unresolved issues that need to be addressed, which are also discussed in this work.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
O. G. Davies, S. Williams, K. Goldie
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid enveloped nanoparticles that function in the intercellular transfer of biological material, playing a role in regenerative processes such as tissue repair. EVs derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-EVs) have shown potent effects on extracellular matrix turnover, cell recruitment, proliferation, and angiogenesis. Clinical trials have assessed the safety of MSC-EVs for wound healing and cosmetic applications. However, challenges related to standardization, potency, and regulation must be addressed to ensure safe and effective clinical adoption of regenerative EV therapeutics.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Weisheng Hu, Yuan Jing, Qingqian Yu, Ning Huang
Summary: By using bioinformatics methods, this study explored differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and potential therapeutic targets of skin aging in the GEO database. Six DEGs were identified, which are involved in cellular processes such as response to metal ion and enriched in mineral absorption and other signaling pathways. Through protein interaction network and gene-miRNA coregulatory network analysis, the relationships between key genes and miRNAs related to DEGs were discovered. In addition, TF-gene interaction analysis and protein-chemical interaction analysis identified potential candidate drugs.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Nikunj M. Shukla, Fumi Sato-Kaneko, Shiyin Yao, Minya Pu, Michael Chan, Fitzgerald S. Lao, Yukiya Sako, Tetsuya Saito, Karen Messer, Tomoko Hayashi, Howard B. Cottam, Maripat Corr, Dennis A. Carson
Summary: Extracellular vesicles play a crucial role in intercellular communication and immune regulation. Researchers have identified small molecule compounds that can enhance the immunogenicity of vaccines by increasing the release of extracellular vesicles. The compounds were screened and validated through multiple assays, leading to the discovery of potential vaccine adjuvants.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Siew Ling Ong, Cherie Blenkiron, Stephen Haines, Alejandra Acevedo-Fani, Juliana A. S. Leite, Janos Zempleni, Rachel C. Anderson, Mark J. McCann
Summary: The article discusses the potential impact of extracellular particles in milk on infant nutrition quality and biological effects, emphasizing that these particles in different types of milk may have important and distinct biological properties that warrant further study.
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Wen-Zhao Liu, Zhan-Jun Ma, Xue-Wen Kang
Summary: This review analyzes the progress in exosomal isolation strategies and proposes views on the development prospects of various exosomal isolation techniques.
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Yvonne Couch, Edit I. Buzas, Dolores Di Vizio, Yong Song Gho, Paul Harrison, Andrew F. Hill, Jan Lotvall, Graca Raposo, Philip D. Stahl, Clotilde Thery, Kenneth W. Witwer, David R. F. Carter
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small cargo-bearing vesicles released by cells into the extracellular space, serving as a complex cell-to-cell communication mechanism that transfers functional cargo and influences biological processes, with deregulation in disease. The field of EVs has grown exponentially over the past two decades with an organized community, but still faces key challenges.
JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Faezeh Shekari, Morteza Abyadeh, Anna Meyfour, Mehdi Mirzaei, Nitin Chitranshi, Vivek Gupta, Stuart L. Graham, Ghasem Hosseini Salekdeh
Summary: A large number of people around the world suffer from visual impairment, and the available therapies focus on preventing the progression of eye disorders. This review explores the potential of using extracellular vesicles (EVs) as a regenerative therapy for eye-related complications. The review examines the current knowledge about EVs and their therapeutic applications, as well as the challenges in translating EV-based therapy into clinical settings.
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hyosuk Kim, Eun Hye Kim, Gijung Kwak, Sung-Gil Chi, Sun Hwa Kim, Yoosoo Yang
Summary: Exosomes are nanovesicles secreted by cells that can mediate intercellular communication and serve as promising drug delivery vehicles due to their stability, biocompatibility, and targeting abilities. They can carry therapeutic signaling molecules from specific cell types, impacting cancer treatment significantly.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jennifer Cable, Kenneth W. Witwer, Robert J. Coffey, Aleksandar Milosavljevic, Ariana K. von Lersner, Lizandra Jimenez, Ferdinando Pucci, Maureen M. Barr, Niek Dekker, Bahnisikha Barman, Daniel Humphrys, Justin Williams, Michele de Palma, Wei Guo, Nuno Bastos, Andrew F. Hill, Efrat Levy, Michael P. Hantak, Clair Crewe, Elena Aikawa, Alan M. Adamczyk, Tamires M. Zanotto, Matias Ostrowski, Tanina Arab, Daniel C. Rabe, Aadil Sheikh, Danilo Rodrigues da Silva, Jennifer C. Jones, Chioma Okeoma, Thomas Gaborski, Qin Zhang, Olesia Gololobova
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small particles released by cells that carry important biomolecules and can act as messengers to coordinate tissue homeostasis and systemic responses. EVs are of growing interest for their potential as diagnostic biomarkers and drug-delivery vehicles. Researchers gathered at the Keystone symposium to discuss standardized language and methodology, new data on EV biology and clinical utility, and novel technologies for EV isolation and characterization.
ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniela Cortes-Galvez, John A. A. Dangerfield, Christoph Metzner
Summary: Cells produce small vesicles called exosomes which have similarities to enveloped virus particles. This review discusses the similarities and differences between exosomes and enveloped viral particles, with a focus on events happening at the vesicle or virus membrane. Understanding these similarities and differences is important for basic biology as well as potential research and medical applications.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Chan-Hyeong Lee, Ju-Hyun Bae, Eun-Ji Choe, Ju-Mi Park, Seong-Sik Park, Hee Jin Cho, Byoung-Joon Song, Moon-Chang Baek
Summary: This study identifies an FDA-approved oral drug, macitentan, as a potent enhancer of antitumor responses in CD8+ T cells by suppressing tumor cell-derived extracellular vesicle PD-L1. The findings suggest the potential of using macitentan to improve or overcome inadequate response to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy.
