Article
Engineering, Environmental
Shenbin Cao, Wangwang Yan, Lei Yu, Liang Zhang, Winson Lay, Yan Zhou
Summary: This study developed a cost-effective partial nitritation-anammox process to address the challenges in treating THP-AD centrate, achieving a nitrogen removal rate of 0.55 kg N/m3/d with mitigation strategies. However, issues such as sludge washout, AOB inhibition, and declining anammox activity were observed at higher THP-AD centrate concentrations. The study provides insights for developing an energy-saving treatment process for THP-AD centrate.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Lushen Zuo, Hong Yao, Hui Chen, Huayu Li, Fangxu Jia, Jianhua Guo
Summary: The addition of glycine betaine (GB) was shown to alleviate the inhibitory effects of salinity on both ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and anammox bacteria, thereby improving nitrogen removal performance in a one-stage PN/A system. A concentration of 1 mM GB was found to be optimal in terms of both effectiveness and cost. GB addition was identified as a feasible and effective strategy to counteract the adverse effects of salinity on the PN/A process.
WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Lingfeng Wang, Shuang Qiu, Jianhua Guo, Shijian Ge
Summary: Nitritation can be rapidly initiated using light irradiation, promoting the activity and growth of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria while suppressing nitrite-oxidizing bacteria. Optimal light energy densities can lead to high nitrite accumulation ratios, converting ammonia to nitrate. Additionally, light irradiation induces different responses of AOB and NOB, optimizing microbial structure while ensuring AOB predominance and stable nitritation.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Shenhua Yang, Yongzhen Peng, Shujun Zhang, Xiaoyu Han, Jialin Li, Liang Zhang
Summary: This study analyzed and compared the biofilm structure, performance, and nitrogen removal pathways of microporous and macroporous carriers from a full-scale partial nitritation/anammox reactor. Microporous carriers had thicker biofilms, higher biomass, and nitrogen removal efficiency due to the integration of denitrifying and anammox bacteria, while macroporous carriers had thinner biofilms, lower microbial richness, but strong network correlation among genera.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Mingzhu Yang, Shuang Qiu, Lingfeng Wang, Zhipeng Chen, Yanbing Hu, Jianhua Guo, Shijian Ge
Summary: This study investigated the effects of light irradiation on the activities and physiological characteristics of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria in activated sludge. The results showed that moderate light irradiation could enhance the activity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, while excessive light could inhibit the activities of both types of bacteria. These findings contribute to our understanding of the physiological responses of nitrifiers to short-term light irradiation and have implications for the development of sustainable wastewater treatment technologies.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jeongmi Kim, Lucky Caesar Direstiyani, Soyeon Jeong, Yeonju Kim, Seongjae Park, Jaecheul Yu, Taeho Lee
Summary: Single-stage deammonification (SSD) processes have been successful in treating high-strength NH4+ (>300 mg/L) using the step-feeding strategy, but struggle to treat moderate-strength NH4+ (100-300 mg/L). This study evaluated the effectiveness of the step-feeding strategy on the long-term stability of treating moderate-strength NH4+ using two SSD sequential-batch reactors (SBRs). The results showed that the one-step feeding SBR achieved higher nitrogen and COD removal efficiency compared to the multi-step feeding SBR, indicating the importance of maintaining an appropriate FA level to selectively suppress NOB activity throughout the operation.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Quan Yuan, Beiping He, Liang Qian, Helen Littleton, Glen T. Daigger, Mark Loosdrecht, George F. Wells, Kaijun Wang, Hulin Cai
Summary: The study revealed that microaerophilic conditions created by air scouring in a full-scale wastewater treatment plant in China can support robust nitritation/anammox process for efficient removal of ammonia and total inorganic nitrogen. Additionally, it was shown that anammox can effectively function at low dissolved oxygen conditions in anaerobic/anoxic tanks, leading to stable nitrogen removal.
WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yeqi Du, Deshuang Yu, Xiaoxia Wang, Jianyuan Zhen, Chunxue Bi, Xiuzhen Gong, Ji Zhao
Summary: In this study, simultaneous nitritation, anammox and denitrification (SNAD) was quickly established in an integrated fixed-biofilm activated sludge (IFAS) reactor to treat high-ammonia municipal wastewater. The results showed high removal efficiencies of total nitrogen and chemical oxygen demand, and high-throughput sequencing analysis revealed the presence of anammox bacteria and ammonia oxidizing bacteria in the system.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Fangxu Jia, Jiayi Chen, Xingcheng Zhao, Chenyu Liu, Yiran Li, Jinyuan Ma, Anming Yang, Hong Yao
Summary: This study investigates the microbial communities in different sludge morphologies and spatial distributions in the partial nitritation/anammox (PN/A) process. The study reveals that ammonia-oxidizing bacteria are mainly found in flocs, while anammox bacteria are dominant in biofilms. The dominant AnAOB genus in the biofilms varies among different chambers. The findings provide a theoretical basis for targeted culture and selection of microbial communities in practical engineering.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Xiaofei Gong, Liang Zhang, Qingteng Gong, Xuefan Liu, Xiyao Li, Qiong Zhang, Yongzhen Peng
Summary: In this study, a novel strategy using activated sludge as inoculum and biocarrier in a dynamic fixed-bed reactor was proposed, which successfully cultivated and enriched AnAOB. With this strategy, excellent performance was achieved during the 115-day operation.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Hao Su, Dachao Zhang, Philip Antwi, Longwen Xiao, Wuhui Luo, Xiaoyu Deng, Cheng Lai, Zuwen Liu, Miao Shi, Michael J. Manefield
Summary: This study revealed a hormesis condition in the PN batch assays upon La(III) dosage, where sludge stimulation at low La(III) dosage and inhibition at high-dose were observed. Techniques such as SEM-EDX, CLSM, and FTIR confirmed efficient removal of La(III) through biosorption and biosynthesis. The study also showed that La(III) significantly promoted the abundance of Nitrosomonas bacteria and identified Aquamicrobium as the ammonia oxidizing bacteria with high tolerance to La(III), providing insights into metabolic detoxification pathways against La(III) toxicity.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Chao Rong, Zibin Luo, Tianjie Wang, Yu Qin, Jiang Wu, Yan Guo, Yisong Hu, Zhe Kong, Taira Hanaoka, Shinichi Sakemi, Masami Ito, Shigeki Kobayashi, Masumi Kobayashi, Yu-You Li
Summary: Partial nitritation-anammox (PN/A) is a promising energy-neutral wastewater treatment process. However, the mainstream application of PN/A still faces challenges of low nitrogen concentration and low temperatures. In this study, a pilot-scale one-stage PN/A with an integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS) configuration was successfully operated to treat real municipal wastewater. The results demonstrate the strong feasibility of PN/A as a mainstream nitrogen removal process in temperate climates.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rongfen Chen, Shenbin Cao, Liang Zhang, Yan Zhou
Summary: Integrating MABR with Anammox can further reduce energy consumption in wastewater treatment facilities. This study investigated selective NOB suppression strategies in MABR under low pressure. The results showed that higher ammonium loading could quickly suppress emergent NOB activity, while lowering aeration pressure reversed nitrite oxidizing activities. Cultivating partial nitritation biofilm under zero positive pressure slowed down NOB growth and induced self-induced anammox activities.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Karol Trojanowicz, Jozef Trela, Elzbieta Plaza
Summary: The study presented a possible mechanism of efficient PN/A in hybrid bioreactors, where nitritation is the bottleneck process requiring surplus nitrite production by AOB. AnAOB bacteria should out-compete NOB in biofilms, while in activated sludge, the growth of r-AOB allows for out-selecting NOB. The impact of different factors on nitrogen removal rates in hybrid PN/A systems across temperature ranges was discussed, with conditions being more favorable in intermittently aerated 'IFAS-SBR' or 'IFAS-plug flow' bioreactors.
ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zihao Wang, Yongzhen Peng, Jianwei Li, Jinjin Liu, Qiong Zhang, Xiyao Li, Liang Zhang
Summary: This study proposes a feasible and economical strategy to rapidly achieve nitritation of municipal wastewater by aggressively discharging excess sludge during the seasonal warming period, which leads to the establishment and maintenance of stable nitritation. The results provide potential applications for municipal wastewater treatment.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yao Chen, Ying Zhang, Liang Zhang, Shujun Zhang, Yongzhen Peng
Summary: Partial nitrification and partial denitrification combined with anammox is a promising process for sewage treatment, which was successfully achieved in this study by adding sludge fermentation products in the anoxic zone to facilitate nitrite accumulation and improve denitrification efficiency. The system achieved a high removal rate of total nitrogen, with enriched incomplete denitrifiers and ammonia oxidizing bacteria contributing to the high nitrite accumulation.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Fangzhai Zhang, Yongzhen Peng, Zhong Wang, Hao Jiang, Shang Ren, Jingang Qiu, Liang Zhang
Summary: The PNFA system achieved efficient nitrogen removal in treating landfill leachate and waste activated sludge, reducing the need for external carbon sources and energy consumption while also decreasing CO2 emissions.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yandong Yang, Yiming Jiang, Yanan Long, Jiarui Xu, Changqing Liu, Liang Zhang, Yongzhen Peng
Summary: This study investigates the impact of residual ammonium on the stability of mainstream partial nitritation/anammox (PN/A) systems and reveals that low ammonium conditions lead to a decline in anammox activity and increased nitrite oxidation rate. The study provides insights for the optimized design of mainstream PN/A systems in engineering applications.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Huihui Cui, Liang Zhang, Qiong Zhang, Xiyao Li, Yongzhen Peng
Summary: This study found that comammox bacteria, which were previously overlooked, are the most important ammonia-oxidizing microbes in Anammox systems, and play a significant role in nitrogen removal.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xinjie Gao, Liang Zhang, Yongzhen Peng, Jing Ding, Zeming An
Summary: The study found that stable nitrogen removal can be achieved in the anaerobic/aerobic/anoxic process by directly integrating stable anammox. The anammox activity compensates for the effects of low temperatures and low C/N ratios on nitrification and denitrification, leading to a stable nitrogen removal efficiency.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Xiaofei Gong, Liang Zhang, Xiyao Li, Qiong Zhang, Taotao Shang, Jingwen Guo, Chuanxin Wang, Shuying Wang, Yongzhen Peng
Summary: This study proposed a novel Integrated Anammox, Fermentation and Denitrification (IAFD) process which achieved a high efficiency of nitrogen removal from wastewater. The process showed environmental and economical advantages with no external carbon requirement, reduced aeration, and sludge reduction.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tipei Jia, Liang Zhang, Shihao Sun, Qi Zhao, Yongzhen Peng
Summary: In this study, acidophilic mixotrophic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) were enriched under extremely acidic conditions to enhance bio-desulfurization performance. The addition of organics improved the H2S removal efficiency. Maintaining an appropriate biofilm mass is crucial for optimal desulfurization performance. The findings of this study offer a novel strategy for enhancing H2S removal.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tipei Jia, Liang Zhang, Xiyao Li, Qi Zhao, Yongzhen Peng, Jun Sui, Chuanxin Wang
Summary: This study investigates the impact of seasonal temperature variations on the performance of a biotrickling filter system in removing hydrogen sulfide from air. It is found that the system achieves the highest removal efficiency at temperatures of 10-12 degrees Celsius. The accelerated growth of biofilm, enhanced biofilm adhesion capacity, and sulfur accumulation contribute to heat retention in cold conditions.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Shenhua Yang, Haibin Chang, Yongzhen Peng, Shujun Zhang, Xiaoyu Han, Shihao Sun, Jinjin Liu, Liang Zhang
Summary: Adding fermented sludge products to SBR can enhance nutrient removal and reduce sewage treatment costs.
WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Hanbin Wang, Liang Zhang, Qiongpeng Dan, Yingxin Zhang, Shuying Wang, Qiong Zhang, Xiyao Li, Chuanxin Wang, Yongzhen Peng
Summary: Integrating endogenous denitrification (ED) into partial nitrification-anammox (PNA) systems using organic matter in municipal wastewater effectively improves nitrogen removal efficiency. A novel strategy was adopted to inhibit phosphorus-accumulating organisms (PAOs) by inducing phosphorus release and exclusion, optimizing organics allocation between PAOs and glycogen-accumulating organisms (GAOs). This study achieved an NRE of 97.5 +/- 2.2% and effluent total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) of less than 2.0 mg/L using enhanced ED-synergized anammox for real municipal wastewater treatment.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bingxin Li, Ruochen Wang, Weiwei Zuo, Yi Peng, Dong An, Liang Zhang, Zheng Ge
Summary: A lab-scale ceramic membrane bioreactor (MBR) with an active membrane-fouling control system was developed for the partial nitrification (PN) process. The in situ membrane cleaning method was used for uninterrupted removal of contaminants on the membrane surface. The device increased critical flux, reduced gel layer resistance (R-g), and internal resistance (R-i) of the flat-sheet ceramic membrane by inhibiting cake layer formation. In long-term experiments, nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) were successfully suppressed, achieving high nitrite accumulation rate (NAR) of up to 90.09%. The maintained balance between effluent NO2--N/NH4+-N ratios would promote the proliferation of Anammox bacteria and the autotrophic nitrogen removal (ANR) process. Moreover, in situ cleaning significantly reduced energy input from aeration and ensured stable PN performance by avoiding over aeration.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yandong Yang, Yongzhen Peng, Jun Cheng, Shujun Zhang, Changqing Liu, Liang Zhang
Summary: A novel two-stage aerobic granular sludge (AGS) system was developed for municipal wastewater treatment, achieving high removal efficiencies of phosphorus (91%) and nitrogen (81%) with a low influent carbon/nitrogen ratio. The high nutrient removal was attributed to microbial segregation in the two SBRs. The first reactor promoted enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) with the high abundance of polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (Candidatus Accumulibacter 15.3%), while the second reactor removed residual ammonium via partial nitritation/ anammox (PN/A). The system also facilitated sludge maintenance and reduced settling time, providing opportunities for resource and bioenergy recovery.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Xiyue Zhang, Xiyao Li, Liang Zhang, Yongzhen Peng
Summary: Intermittent aeration is an innovative approach to enhance nitrogen removal in low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio municipal sewage, providing an efficient strategy for the continuous plug-flow AOA process.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Zhaoyang Li, Liang Zhang, Yongzhen Peng, Jialin Li
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between the performance and ecological features of a one-stage partial nitritation and anammox system disturbed by oxygen. The disturbance resulted in an irreversible deterioration of nitrogen removal rate and reduced richness and evenness of the microbial community. Additionally, the community structure changed and 234 operational taxonomic units were depleted. The study highlights the importance of ecological features in diagnosing, predicting, and optimizing the performance of partial nitritation and anammox systems.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaofei Gong, Feng Hou, Hongtao Pang, Yuanyuan Guo, Qiong Zhang, Xiyao Li, Liang Zhang, Yongzhen Peng
Summary: This study achieved stable and efficient nitrogen removal through a zero-external carbon Partial Nitritation/Anammox combined with in-situ sludge Fermentation-Denitrification process under decreased temperatures. The findings show the resilience of anammox to lower temperatures and highlight the importance of sludge reduction and organic recovery for enhanced denitrification.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Yinping Xiang, Meiying Jia, Rui Xu, Jialu Xu, Lele He, Haihao Peng, Weimin Sun, Dongbo Wang, Weiping Xiong, Zhaohui Yang
Summary: This study investigated the impact of the non-antibiotic pharmaceutical carbamazepine on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) during anaerobic digestion. The results showed that carbamazepine induced the enrichment of ARGs and increased the abundance of bacteria carrying these genes. It also facilitated microbial aggregation and intercellular communication, leading to an increased frequency of ARGs transmission. Moreover, carbamazepine promoted the acquisition of ARGs by pathogens and elevated their overall abundance.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Weixin Zhao, Tianyi Hu, Hao Ma, Dan Li, Qingliang Zhao, Junqiu Jiang, Liangliang Wei
Summary: This review summarizes the effects and potential mechanisms of biochar on microbial behavior in AD systems. The addition of biochar has been found to promote microbial colonization, alleviate stress, provide nutrients, and enhance enzyme activity. Future research directions include targeted design of biochar, in-depth study of microbial mechanisms, and improved models.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Christina Karmann, Anna Magrova, Pavel Jenicek, Jan Bartacek, Vojtech Kouba
Summary: This review assesses nitrogen removal technologies in reject water treatment, highlighting the differences in environmental impacts and economic benefits. Partial nitritation-anammox shows potential for economic benefits and positive environmental outcomes when operated and controlled properly.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Wei-Hao Huang, Ying-Ju Chang, Duu-Jong Lee
Summary: This study modified pinecone biochar with layered double hydroxide (LDH) to enhance its adsorption capacity for heavy metal and phosphate ions. The LDH-biochar showed significantly improved adsorption capacities for Pb2+ and phosphate, and a slight increase for Cu2+ and Co2+. The LDH layer enhanced the adsorption through various mechanisms.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Chao Song, Fanfan Cai, Shuang Yang, Ligong Wang, Guangqing Liu, Chang Chen
Summary: This paper developed a machine learning model to predict the biochemical methane potential during anaerobic digestion. Model analysis identified lignin content, organic loading, and nitrogen content as key attributes for methane production prediction. For feedstocks with high cellulose content, early methane production is lower but can be improved by prolonging digestion time. Moreover, lignin content exceeding a certain value significantly inhibits methane production.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Sang Min Lee, Ju Young Lee, Ji-Sook Hahn, Seung-Ho Baek
Summary: This study successfully developed an efficient platform strain using Yarrowia lipolytica for the bioconversion of renewable resources into adipic acid, achieving a remarkable increase in production level.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Sefkan Kendir, Matthias Franzreb
Summary: This study presents a novel approach using magnetic separation to efficiently harvest freshwater microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris. By combining pH-induced calcium phosphate precipitation with cheap natural magnetite microparticles, harvesting efficiencies up to 98% were achieved in the model medium.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Ishaq Kariim, Ji-Yeon Park, Wajahat Waheed Kazmi, Hulda Swai, In-Gu Lee, Thomas Kivevele
Summary: The impact of reaction temperature, residence time, and ethanol: acetone on the energy compositions and yield enhancement of biocrudes was investigated. The results showed that under appropriate conditions, biocrudes with high energy and low oxygen content can be obtained, indicating a high potential for utilization.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Xiyue Zhang, Xiyao Li, Liang Zhang, Yongzhen Peng
Summary: Intermittent aeration is an innovative approach to enhance nitrogen removal in low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio municipal sewage, providing an efficient strategy for the continuous plug-flow AOA process.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Xu Yang, Mahmoud Mazarji, Mengtong Li, Aohua Li, Ronghua Li, Zengqiang Zhang, Junting Pan
Summary: This study investigated the impact of magnetite on the nitrogen cycle of pig manure biostabilisation. The addition of magnetite increased N2O emissions and decreased NH3 emissions during composting. It also increased the total nitrogen content but should be considered for its significant increase in N2O emissions in engineering practice.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Ty Shitanaka, Haylee Fujioka, Muzammil Khan, Manpreet Kaur, Zhi-Yan Du, Samir Kumar Khanal
Summary: The market value of microalgae has exponentially increased in the past two decades, thanks to their applications in various industries. However, the supply of high-value microalgal bioproducts is limited due to several factors, and strategies are being explored to overcome these limitations and improve microalgae production, thus increasing the availability of algal-derived bioproducts in the market.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Martin Kerner, Thorsten Wolff, Torsten Brinkmann
Summary: The efficiency of using enriched CO2 from flue gas for large-scale production of green microalgae has been studied. The results show that the use of membrane devices and static mixers can effectively improve the CO2 recovery rate and maintain the suitable pH and temperature during cultivation, achieving a more economical and sustainable microalgae production.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Rui Ma, Ji Li, Rd Tyagi, Xiaolei Zhang
Summary: This review summarizes the microorganisms capable of using CO2 and CH4 to produce PHAs, illustrating the production process, factors influencing it, and discussing optimization techniques. It identifies the challenges and future prospects for developing economically viable PHAs production using GHGs as a carbon source.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Bing Wang, Peng Zhang, Xu Guo, Xu Bao, Junjie Tian, Guomin Li, Jian Zhang
Summary: The addition of zeolite in the co-composting of chicken manure and straw significantly reduced the emissions of ammonia and N2O, and increased the nitrate content. Zeolite also promoted the abundance of nitrification genes and inhibited the expression of denitrification genes.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Rohit Dey, Franziska Ortiz Tena, Song Wang, Josef Martin Messmann, Christian Steinweg, Claudia Thomsen, Clemens Posten, Stefan Leu, Matthias S. Ullrich, Laurenz Thomsen
Summary: This study investigated the operation of a 1000L microalgae-based membrane photobioreactor system for continuous secondary wastewater treatment. The research focused on a green microalgae strain called Desmodesmus sp. The study aimed to understand key trends and optimization strategies by conducting experiments in both summer and winter seasons. The findings showed that maintaining low cell concentrations during periods of light inhibition was beneficial for nutrient uptake rates. Effective strategies for enhancing algae-based wastewater treatment included cell mass recycling and adjusting dilution rates based on light availability.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)