Review
Immunology
Tianrui Kuang, Lilong Zhang, Zhendong Qiu, Yanbing Zhang, Weixing Wang
Summary: This study found that body composition is associated with the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in melanoma patients, with low skeletal muscle index, high subcutaneous adipose tissue density, and sarcopenia being significantly associated with overall survival and progression-free survival. However, these body composition markers did not show a significant association with treatment-related adverse events.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Nicholas A. Bradley, Amy Walter, Ross Dolan, Alasdair Wilson, Tamim Siddiqui, Campbell S. D. Roxburgh, Donald C. McMillan, Graeme J. K. Guthrie
Summary: Low skeletal muscle mass and subcutaneous fat index are associated with poorer long-term survival in patients undergoing EVAR and F/B-EVAR. Further evaluation of the relationship between body composition and prognosis is needed, and external validation of the proposed thresholds in patients with AAA is required.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yuxin Li, Zhen Huang, Yan Gong, Yansong Zheng, Qiang Zeng
Summary: This study explores the relationship between bone mineral density and body composition indicators in Chinese adults aged 50 and above. It found that age, smoking, homocysteine levels, and blood glucose levels are independent risk factors for osteoporosis. Increasing body weight, particularly lean muscle mass, while controlling body fat percentage, can reduce the risk of osteoporosis.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mary M. McDermott, Lydia Bazzano, Charlotte A. Peterson, Robert Sufit, Luigi Ferrucci, Kathryn Domanchuk, Lihui Zhao, Tamar S. Polonsky, Dongxue Zhang, Donald Lloyd-Jones, Christiaan Leeuwenburgh, Jack M. Guralnik, Melina R. Kibbe, Kate Kosmac, Michael H. Criqui, Lu Tian
Summary: The study aimed to investigate whether telmisartan improves walking performance in patients with lower extremity PAD, but the results showed that telmisartan did not significantly improve walking distance at 6-month follow-up.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Reza Bagheri, Abolfazl Shakibaee, Donny M. Camera, Vahid Sobhani, Hamid Ghobadi, Eisa Nazar, Hadi Fakhari, Fred Dutheil
Summary: This study compared the effects of a high protein diet and a low protein diet combined with resistance training on skeletal muscle adaptation in untrained older ex-military men. The results showed that a daily intake of 1.6 g/kg/d protein was more effective in improving skeletal muscle mass and muscle strength, and it was well tolerated by healthy older ex-military males.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xin Zhang, Ke Deng, Yulai Yuan, Lei Liu, Shuwen Zhang, Changyong Wang, Gang Wang, Hongping Zhang, Lei Wang, Gaiping Cheng, Lisa G. Wood, Gang Wang
Summary: This study identified three distinct clusters of asthma patients based on body composition, which showed significant differences in clinical features and asthma outcomes. The importance of evaluating body composition for determining nutritional status in clinical practice was reinforced by the data.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
J. Peter Marquardt, Eric J. Roeland, Emily E. Van Seventer, Till D. Best, Nora K. Horick, Ryan D. Nipp, Florian J. Fintelmann
Summary: The study analyzed the correlation between skeletal muscle metrics on CT scans and clinical outcomes in advanced cancer patients. Aggregating measurements from multiple vertebral levels and using skeletal muscle gauge (SMG) proved to be more predictive of outcomes compared to single-level analysis with skeletal muscle radioattenuation (SMRA) or -index (SMI).
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Myung Jin Kim, Yun Kyung Cho, Han Na Jung, Eun Hee Kim, Min Jung Lee, Chang Hee Jung, Joong-Yeol Park, Hong-Kyu Kim, Woo Je Lee
Summary: This study evaluated the association between insulin resistance and myosteatosis in a large Asian population. The results showed that higher insulin resistance levels were significantly associated with increased absolute values of total abdominal muscle area, normal-attenuation muscle area, low-attenuation muscle area, and intermuscular adipose tissue. However, the ratios of normal-attenuation muscle area to body mass index and normal-attenuation muscle area to total abdominal muscle area showed a decreasing trend.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Florian Huemer, Stefan Hecht, Bernhard Scharinger, Verena Schlintl, Gabriel Rinnerthaler, Konstantin Schlick, Ronald Heregger, Thomas Melchardt, Angela Wimmer, Iris Muehlbacher, Oliver Owen Koch, Daniel Neureiter, Eckhard Klieser, Sara Seyedinia, Mohsen Beheshti, Richard Greil, Lukas Weiss
Summary: This study investigated the impact of body composition parameters and dynamics on clinical outcomes in gastric/GEJ cancer patients undergoing perioperative FLOT chemotherapy. The study found that the skeletal muscle index (SMI) was the only body composition parameter that significantly decreased during pre-operative FLOT. Pre-FLOT BMI and SMI were significantly associated with progression-free survival (PFS) in multivariable analysis.
JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Zachary A. Graham, Kaleen M. Lavin, Samia M. O'Bryan, Anna E. Thalacker-Mercer, Thomas W. Buford, Kenneth M. Ford, Timothy J. Broderick, Marcas M. Bamman
Summary: Skeletal muscle is the most abundant tissue in healthy individuals and plays important roles in health beyond voluntary movement. Exercise training helps skeletal muscle adapt to repetitive overload and prevents or slows muscle wasting, improving or maintaining its health and function.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Maria Mendoza-Munoz, Sabina Barrios-Fernandez, Jose Carmelo Adsuar, Raquel Pastor-Cisneros, Maria Risco-Gil, Miguel Angel Garcia-Gordillo, Jorge Carlos-Vivas
Summary: Childhood overweight and obesity are significant public health problems. The Canadian Assessment of Physical Literacy (CAPL) is an important initiative to address childhood obesity in Canada. This study in Extremadura, Spain aimed to determine the levels of physical literacy in overweight and non-overweight children, finding that non-overweight children generally had higher levels of physical literacy and healthier body composition was associated with better physical literacy.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jinghua Zhang, Zhen-Bo Cao
Summary: Exercise can affect the levels of vitamin D metabolites in circulation. Endurance exercise can increase serum 25(OH)D levels, but has limited effect on serum 1,25(OH)(2)D levels. Exercise may influence 25(OH)D levels in the circulation by regulating the storage of vitamin D metabolites in tissues or their utilization by target tissues. The effects of exercise on 25(OH)D levels may be dependent on factors such as vitamin D nutritional status, exercise type and intensity, and sex. Further research is needed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of exercise on vitamin D metabolites.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nicolas J. Pillon, Ruth J. F. Loos, Sally M. Marshall, Juleen R. Zierath
Summary: This review focuses on the influence of genetic and environmental factors on metabolism and highlights the importance of personalized strategies for prevention, management, and care to improve health outcomes and reduce the impact of metabolic diseases.
Article
Oncology
Yukinori Takenaka, Norihiko Takemoto, Tomoyuki Otsuka, Minako Nishio, Masashi Tanida, Takashi Fujii, Kazuki Hayashi, Motoyuki Suzuki, Masashi Mori, Yoshifumi Yamamoto, Atsuhiko Uno, Hidenori Inohara
Summary: This study found that body composition parameters are important predictors of treatment outcomes in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated with nivolumab. Low skeletal muscle index and low visceral adipose index were associated with poor disease control, poor response, and increased incidence of immune-related adverse events. Therefore, it is necessary to assess body composition indices before nivolumab treatment for achieving optimal responses to the treatment.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Akito Yoshiko, Kohei Watanabe
Summary: The study found that home-based weight-bearing squat training can improve lower limb function in older adults and performance in physical functional tests related to activities of daily living. Additionally, such training benefits older adults regardless of whether squats are shallow or deep.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Christine M. Friedenreich, Charlotte Ryder-Burbidge, Jessica McNeil
Summary: Physical activity, sedentary behavior, and obesity are closely related to cancer incidence, with higher levels of physical activity, reduced sedentary behavior, and maintaining a healthy weight being associated with lower cancer risk. The main biological mechanisms linking these factors to cancer incidence include effects on endogenous sex steroids and metabolic hormones, insulin sensitivity, and chronic inflammation.
MOLECULAR ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Paola Gonzalo-Encabo, Jessica McNeil, Alberto Perez-Lopez, David Valades, Kerry S. Courneya, Christine M. Friedenreich
Summary: This study found that weight regain following exercise-induced weight loss is associated with changes in breast cancer-related biomarkers in postmenopausal women. Weight regain was significantly associated with increases in estradiol, estrone, free estradiol, insulin resistance, and insulin levels, as well as decreases in sex hormone-binding globulin levels. These results suggest the importance of developing strategies to prevent weight regain and decrease postmenopausal breast cancer risk.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Paola Gonzalo-Encabo, Jessica McNeil, Alberto Perez-Lopez, David Valades, Kerry S. Courneya, Christine M. Friedenreich
Summary: The study found a dose-response effect of exercise volume on adiposity markers, however, the differences in adiposity markers were smaller when comparing 225 min/week to 300 min/week of exercise.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Jamie L. Benham, Jane E. Booth, Christine M. Friedenreich, Doreen M. Rabi, Ronald J. Sigal
Summary: The most effective and cost-efficient ways to recruit women with polycystic ovary syndrome were through unpaid advertisements and Facebook advertisements, with no participants reporting learning about the trial through multiple methods. Traditional media was also more successful in attracting participants compared to Facebook and unpaid advertisements.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Jingjing Zhu, Tracy A. O'Mara, Duo Liu, Veronica Wendy Setiawan, Dylan Glubb, Amanda B. Spurdle, Peter A. Fasching, Diether Lambrechts, Daniel Buchanan, Pik Fang Kho, Linda S. Cook, Christine Friedenreich, James V. Lacey, Chu Chen, Nicolas Wentzensen, Immaculata De Vivo, Yan Sun, Jirong Long, Mengmeng Du, Xiao-Ou Shu, Wei Zheng, Lang Wu, Herbert Yu
Summary: The study identified nine potential circulating protein biomarkers associated with endometrial cancer risk, with five of them showing suggestive associations with the risk of a more lethal subtype. If validated by additional studies, these findings may contribute to understanding the pathogenesis of endometrial tumor development and facilitating risk assessment.
Review
Oncology
Lin Yang, Andria R. Morielli, Emily Heer, Amy A. Kirkham, Winson Y. Cheung, Nawaid Usmani, Christine M. Friedenreich, Kerry S. Courneya
Summary: Physical activity/exercise has been shown to enhance the efficacy of cancer treatments, both in animal models and preliminary clinical studies. However, there is currently a lack of research specifically designed to definitively examine the effects of exercise on cancer treatment outcomes.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Renee L. Kokts-Porietis, Seham Elmrayed, Darren R. Brenner, Christine M. Friedenreich
Summary: Excess body fat, especially higher body mass index (BMI), is associated with increased all-cause mortality and recurrence among endometrial cancer survivors, particularly in Type I cases. Obesity at endometrial cancer diagnosis is linked to elevated cancer recurrence and all-cause mortality in survivors, but not to endometrial cancer-specific mortality.
Article
Cell Biology
Lidia Delrieu, Marina Touillaud, Olivia Perol, Magali Morelle, Agnes Martin, Christine M. Friedenreich, Pauline Mury, Armelle Dufresne, Thomas Bachelot, Pierre-Etienne Heudel, Beatrice Fervers, Olivier Tredan, Vincent Pialoux
Summary: The study found that a six-month physical activity intervention can increase antioxidant enzyme activity and decrease prooxidant enzyme activity in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Plasma MDA and AOPP levels may be associated with disease progression and fitness levels in this population.
OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Christine M. Friedenreich, Jeff K. Vallance, Margaret L. McNeely, S. Nicole Culos-Reed, Charles E. Matthews, Gordon J. Bell, John R. Mackey, Karen A. Kopciuk, Leanne Dickau, Qinggang Wang, Diane Cook, Stephanie Wharton, Jessica McNeil, Charlotte Ryder-Burbidge, Andria R. Morielli, Kerry S. Courneya
Summary: The Alberta Moving Beyond Breast Cancer (AMBER) Study is a prospective cohort study investigating the association between physical activity, sedentary behavior, and health-related fitness with survival after breast cancer. The study collects data through direct and self-reported measurements and aims to inform clinical and public health guidelines on improving breast cancer outcomes.
CANCER CAUSES & CONTROL
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Renee L. Kokts-Porietis, Jessica McNeil, Andria R. Morielli, Linda S. Cook, Kerry S. Courneya, Christine M. Friedenreich
Summary: Anthropometric measures of obesity and their changes are associated with reduced survival among endometrial cancer survivors, indicating their importance in predicting future outcomes.
JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Sport Sciences
Andrew J. Atkin, Shelby Carr, Christine Friedenreich, Stuart J. H. Biddle, Karen Milton
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
L. Kokts-Porietis, Andria R. Morielli, Jessica McNeil, Kerry S. Courneya, Linda S. Cook, Christine M. Friedenreich
Summary: This study found that both pre-and post-diagnosis dietary composition are associated with survival among endometrial cancer survivors. Lower glycemic load and higher energy intake from total and monounsaturated fat are associated with better overall survival. Higher pre-diagnosis C-HEI and anti-inflammatory diet are associated with better disease-free survival.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Christine M. Friedenreich, Andria R. Morielli, Irizelle Lategan, Charlotte Ryder-Burbidge, Lin Yang
Summary: Physical activity reduces the risk of mortality from breast cancer, potentially through biologic mechanisms such as changes in sex hormones, insulin resistance, and inflammation. However, existing evidence is inconsistent and further research is needed to provide more precise guidelines.
CURRENT NUTRITION REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Scott C. Adams, Jennifer Herman, Iliana C. Lega, Laura Mitchell, David Hodgson, Kim Edelstein, Lois B. Travis, Catherine M. Sabiston, Paaladinesh Thavendiranathan, Abha A. Gupta
Summary: Many survivors of adolescent and young adult cancers face long-term risks of late effects, but evidence-based guidelines for this group have not been developed. A symposium aimed at AYA stakeholders served as a starting point to address this issue and highlighted knowledge gaps for future research.
JNCI CANCER SPECTRUM
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Social
Madison F. Vani, Catherine M. Sabiston, Anika Petrella, Scott C. Adams, Geoff Eaton, Karine Chalifour, Sheila N. Garland
Summary: The study revealed that body image among young adult cancer survivors is related to time since diagnosis, post-traumatic growth, social support, distress, and number of treatments received. Individuals currently on treatment showed higher body image concerns. Therefore, more attention and strategies are needed to address body image concerns among young adult cancer survivors.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHOSOCIAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)